Suchergebnisse

Staatliche Fördergeber sollten bei Förderprogrammen zur Legitimation des Mitteleinsatzes Beurteilungen vornehmen können, um den Erfolg von Förderprogrammen zu bewerten. Diese Analysen sind oftmals nicht möglich, da notwendige Gestaltungsvoraussetzungen nicht systematisch vorliegen. Vor diesem Hintergrund verfolgt der Autor in seiner Modellkonzeption das Ziel, entlang des Fördermanagementprozesses Förderprogramme zu analysieren, um Gestaltungspotentiale zur Optimierung eines Controllings abzuleiten. Durch eine prozessunabhängige Beziehungsanalyse von Fördergeber, -nehmer und Zielgruppe wird der individuelle Charakter berücksichtigt. Das Ergebnis dieser Analyse fließt als Komplexitätsgrad in die Gesamtbeurteilung ein. Die praktische Anwendbarkeit wird im Rahmen einer Fallstudie aufgezeigt.

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir algumas acusações levantadas contra o Descartes que o apontam como culpado pela formação de um paradigma que dificulta o diálogo interdisciplinar no meio científico e escolar. O método cartesiano, com sua proposta de divisão e subdivisão dos problemas de pesquisa, teria levado como consequência lógica de sua aplicação à compartimentalização do conhecimento em disciplinas superespecializadas. Com a elaboração de metodologias e vocabulários cada vez mais específicos, as ramificações da ciência foram perdendo gradativamente a capacidade de interligação e, assim, desfiguraram, em sua infinita fragmentação, a unicidade do saber. Neste trabalho, recorremos a textos de Descartes para argumentar que é equivocada a alegação de que o filósofo foi o um defensor da rígida compartimentalização das disciplinas; e procuramos demonstrar por meio de suas próprias palavras que, ao contrário da opinião difundida levianamente por seus detratores, Descartes foi um ferrenho defensor da unificação do conhecimento humano.

Resumo O objetivo do estudo é situar o tema da educação na reflexão sobre as heranças jurídicas do Antigo Regime e da Revolução francesa na primeira metade do século XIX. Antes da educação ser encarada como uma questão social e de interesse principal do Estado, a matéria era tratada como pertencente ao âmbito doméstico e vinculada ao pátrio poder. Pretende-se, portanto, entender como o Código Napoleão regulou a relação entre pais e filhos, distribuindo direitos e deveres entre eles, e também verificar a atitude da doutrina e dos tribunais no tocante à educação dos filhos.

PurposeBusiness process improvement is vital for organizations as business environments are becoming ever more volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous. Process improvement methods help organizations sustain competitiveness. Many existing methods, however, do not fit emerging business environments as they entail initiatives with long implementation times, high investments and limited involvement of process participants. What is needed are agile process improvement approaches. The purpose of this paper is to explore the potential of digital nudging – a concept offering tools that lead individuals to better decisions – to improve business processes.Design/methodology/approachUsing process deviance as theoretical lens, an online experiment with 473 participants is conducted. Within the experiment, business processes and digital nudges are implemented to examine whether digital nudging can mitigate the weaknesses of existing process improvement methods.FindingsDigital nudging can influence the decisions of process participants and entail positive process deviance that leads to process improvement opportunities. Further, the research gives a first hint on the effectiveness of different digital nudges and lays the foundation for future research.Research limitations/implicationsSince exploring a completely new field of research and conducting the experiment in a synthetic environment, the paper serves as a first step toward the combination of digital nudging, business process improvements and positive process deviance.Originality/valueThe major achievement reported in this paper is the exploration of a new field of research. Thus, digital nudging shapes up as a promising foundation for agile process improvement, a discovery calling for future research at the intersection of digital nudging and business process management.

PurposeTrust is an increasingly important requirement for any business and as a result has become a contemporary design criterion for business processes. However, the literature to date is very much focused on the technical (security) aspects, which are provider centric, as opposed to trust that is customer centric. In this paper, the authors extended an initial meta-model of trust-aware process design by proposing a way to capture trust-intensity for four trust dimensions, i.e. input, people, process and output and an organizational trust position. The authors also investigate the deployment of the extended meta-model in practice.Design/methodology/approachAn extensive literature study is conducted to derive an understanding of the dimension's customer trust when interacting with an organization. Based on the findings of the literature review and a previously developed trust meta-model, the authors propose a way to describe an organizational trust position, i.e. the depiction of how much uncertainty is prevalent in the trust dimensions. Next, the authors conducted an exploratory case study using secondary data to validate the extended meta-model.FindingsThe case study demonstrated the applicability of the extended trust meta-model and derived actionable practices. In this case, the Indonesian food delivery company GoFood, the authors identified trust concerns in the input, process, resources and output of their business at the start of their operations. Since then, GoFood took specific actions to reduce their operational, behavioral and perceived uncertainty and these identified trust concerns. To a lesser degree, GoFood has managed vulnerability issues and invested in measures to increase customers' confidence. As a result of reduced uncertainties, GoFood's business has grown and became the number one in food service delivery in Indonesia.Research limitations/implicationsThe approach to capture trust (in the trust dimensions) is still a simplified version and a pre-step for a fully developed management tool or method. The use of a secondary data from a single case study also limits the validity and generalizability of the findings.Practical implicationsThe extended meta-model proposed in this paper has several implications related to the organization's BPM capabilities. The result also demonstrates how trust measures related to reducing uncertainty, reducing vulnerability and increasing confidence can be applied in practice. Strategies used by the case company presented here such as rating systems to increase confidence can be used by other firms within a similar context.Social implicationsHaving an empirically validated framework for the management of trust, allows organizations to execute an operational model for the development of trusted engagement with the main benefactor being the customer.Originality/valuePrevious trust-related studies focused on conceptual ideas only, relied on fictive examples or were very much focused on the technical (security) aspects of business processes. This study is the first empirical validation of a trust meta-model that serves managers to understand their trust position and to guide trust-building actions.

Abstract Over the past 30 years researchers have learned a great deal about the development of object processing in infancy. In contrast, little is understood about the neural mechanisms that underlie this capacity, in large part because there are few techniques available to measure brain functioning in human infants. The present research examined the extent to which near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), an optical imaging technique, could be used to assess the relation between object processing and brain functioning. Infants aged 6.5 months were presented with an occlusion event involving objects that differed on many feature dimensions (multi‐featural change), differed on shape only (shape change) or color only (color change), or did not differ (control). NIRS data were collected in the occipital and inferior temporal cortex. In the occipital cortex, a significant increase in oxyhemoglobin (HbO2) was observed in response to all four events and these responses did not differ significantly from each other. In the inferior temporal cortex, a significant increase in HbO2 was observed in the multi‐featural and the shape change condition but not in the control condition. An increase was also observed in the color change condition but this increase did not differ significantly from baseline nor did it differ significantly from the response obtained in the control condition. These data were discussed in terms of (a) what they suggest about the neural basis of feature processing in infants and (b) the viability of using NIRS to study brain–behavior relations in infants.

O estudo objetivou quantificar os genes 16S rDNA de bactérias e arqueas e 18S rDNA de fungos e atributos químicos do solo, sob diferentes sistemas integrados, bem como solo sob rotação soja/pastagem e mata nativa, avaliando suas diferenças na Amazônia meridional. Sistemas compostos pelas espécies florestais eucalipto e paricá em linha simples, dupla e tripla, uma área de mata nativa e um sistema de rotação soja/pastagem foram avaliados, utilizando-se atributos químicos e moleculares, sendo os dados obtidos verificados pelo teste de Kruskal Wallis e análise discriminante canônica. Os teores de pH, P, H + Al, Mg e matéria orgânica apresentaram diferenças significativas, influenciando a microbiota do solo. A abundância da microbiota apresentou diferenças significativas entre os sistemas avaliados. As bactérias (109) mostraram-se mais abundantes do que arqueas (106) e fungos (106). A abundância dos microrganismos é regulada e moldada de acordo com os diferentes sistemas de manejo do solo, vegetação e arranjos em linhas dos sistemas integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta. Os fungos apresentaram maior variação entre os sistemas e a mata nativa, podendo servir de parâmetro de comparação de estabilidade e de condições ambientais. As bactérias não se mostraram apropriadas para a comparação de estabilidade e de condições ambientais dos sistemas estudados.

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the impacts of private placement announcements by Australian Real Estate Investment Trusts (A-REITs) on existing shareholders. The study examines 96 A-REIT private placements from January 2000 to December 2012.


Design/methodology/approach
– Utilising event study methodology the authors examine the impact on existing shareholders wealth by measuring the abnormal returns (AR) around the placement announcement. The authors extend the analysis to model the A-REITs ARs against a number of explanatory variables to investigate the possible drivers for the observed event study results.


Findings
– The results support the information signalling hypothesis, in that existing investors in A-REITs earn negative and significant cumulative ARs of −1.3 per cent over the three-day event window [−1, +1]. This result is in contrast to prior studies conducted on industrial firms, for example; Hertzel and Smith (1993), Krishnamurthy et al. (2005) and Wruck and Wu (2009).


Practical implications
– Regression analysis shows A-REITs trading at a premium to net tangible assets and A-REITs that use placement funds for their core business have a positive impact on announcement ARs.


Originality/value
– This paper adds to the existing literature surrounding private placements and is the first paper, to the authors' knowledge, to examine the impact of Australian REITs.