Suchergebnisse

In this Master paper is given the reseach, which is used to evaluate and analyse the X district educational managers views, attitudes, evaluations of using educational innovation. In the research there are given the Communications of European Union Council, which regulates of innovations, the triangle of knowledge, and the importance of creativity of nowadays society. With help of Scientific and special literature there is highlighted what is the innovation and educational innovation, its classification and the expression in the education. The study emphasizes the results of data analysis, which is for exploration in the X area of education and training managers of educational innovation, its opportunities and barriers.

In this Master paper is given the reseach, which is used to evaluate and analyse the X district educational managers views, attitudes, evaluations of using educational innovation. In the research there are given the Communications of European Union Council, which regulates of innovations, the triangle of knowledge, and the importance of creativity of nowadays society. With help of Scientific and special literature there is highlighted what is the innovation and educational innovation, its classification and the expression in the education. The study emphasizes the results of data analysis, which is for exploration in the X area of education and training managers of educational innovation, its opportunities and barriers.

The aim of this study is to identify the peculiarities of a hospitalization process of the health care institution X and to find out their optimisation possibilities, also to determine how this process is evaluated by health care professionals and their managers working in the orthopaedic traumatology units. The aim was to determine how the management methods of health service can be used in order to improve the quality of these processes. Recently, the ISO management quality standards have been used mainly, and Lean is often implemented as one of the most successful management concepts. Aim: to reveal the possibilities to optimise processes of orthopaedic services in the health care institution X in terms of employees and managers. Tasks: 1. To reveal features of planned hospitalization processes of orthopaedic services in the health care institution X; 2. To identify disadvantages of optimal functioning of planned hospitalization services in the institution X from the point of view of employees and managers; 3. To reveal the possibilities of improving services of planned hospitalization and health care process in the institution X. Methods and sample of the study: the study was carried out in March and April 2019 at the Orthopaedic traumatology units at the institution X. The research instrument was an anonymous standardized questionnaire, with a response rate of 89.47 percent. During the study it was chosen to analyze the non-random target sample for the evaluation of the processes of hospitalization. 51 respondents took part in the current study: 68.6 percent (n=35) of women and 31.4 percent (n=16) of men; 46.9 percent of doctors, 53.1 percent of nurses; 15.7 percent (n=8) of administrative staff and 84.3 percent (n=43) of clinical specialists. Results: 39.2 percent of respondents indicated that the implementation of information technologies was important for the work optimisation, 33.3 percent FOR updating of work procedures, 78.4 percent FOR upgrading of medical equipment, 72.5 percent FOR staff qualification improvement, 86.3 percent FOR salary increasy and motivation. 75 percent of managers pointed out that the implementation of information technology improves the efficiency of work, which was statistically significantly different from those employed in the medical unit (p=0.024). It was found that the lack of qualified professionals (51 percent) and medical equipment (52.9 percent) are the main obstacles for the improvement of medical services. 62.9 percent of female respondents noted that the lack of qualified professionals influenced the availability of orthopaedic services, which was statistically significantly different from men (p=0.012). 73.1 percent of nurses pointed to a shortage of skilled employees, and 78.3 percent of doctors indicated a sufficient number of qualified staff (p=0.001). According to the respondents, lack of funds (84.3 percent) was the main source of improvement in the quality of medical services. Managers stated that the lack of initiative of health system politicians and heads of the institution plays an important role for optimising quality of services compared to medical unit workers (75 percent), p=0.016. Planned hospitalization process was well rated by respondents (54.9 percent). The patient's transport process was well rated by 72.5 percent, and unsatisfactory only 9.8 percent (n=5), had no opinion 17.6 percent (n=9) of respondents. 37.5 percent of managers judged the process unsatisfactory, and medical staff 4.7 percent, p=0.01. 67.9 percent of nurses supported the establishment of a new courier unit for patient's transportation, p=0.017. The study revealed that the patient's hospitalization process is mostly prolonged by the insufficient number of medical staff (51 percent) and technical barriers (52.9 percent). 73.7 percent of nurses pointed out that late discharge of patient's from hospital is one of the reasons for prolonged hospitalization, doctors 26.3 percent, p=0.021. 87.5 percent of managers stated that medical equipment was not sufficient, and medical staff 42.2 percent, p=0.024. 65 percent of nurses indicated that the patient was insufficiently prepared, therefore the operation delayed, and doctors 35.0 percent, p=0.032. The prolonged discharge of patients from the hospital was mainly influenced by late document delivery (51.0 percent), late patient transfer to another department (39.2 percent), inadequate patient information about departure from hospital (31.4 percent). A statistically significantly more nurses than doctors indicated that late delivery of the medical documents to the patient was an important cause of late discharge, respectively, 69.3 and 34.8 percent, p=0.016. More doctors than nurses indicated that late patient transfer to another specialized department influences late patient discharge a lot, respectively 72.2 and 27.8 percent, p=0.007. Conclusions. 1. Stages of processes of planned hospitalization of the health care institution X and their peculiarities starting with arrival of patient to discharge from hospital were analysed, as well as the main obstacles of processes identified. The study revealed the following findings: insufficient number of professional workers is an obstacle to improve medical services. In order to optimise the process of a patient transportation in the orthopaedic units, a new courier unit could be established. Late discharge of patients from hospital is one of the reasons for prolonging hospitalization time in hospital. The greatest reason for a patient's delay in surgery is poor preparation of a patient. Delay of medical documentation to the patient was a more important cause for a late discharge compared to doctors. 2. The processes of implementing orthopaedic services of the institution X and their optimisation possibilities are differently perceived by medical staff and managers. Employees of the administrative division paid more attention to the implementation of information technologies in order to optimise work. They have stated that the lack of initiative of health politicians and heads of the institution is very important for improving the quality of medical services. A transportation process of patient's to an operating room was more unsatisfactory. Medical equipment was reported more often as inadequate for diagnostics, treatment, and research compared to the medical unit. The research indicated that managers (administrative staff) emphasize upgrading and purchasing of medical equipment. Medical staff though underlined qualification improvement, motivation incentive, and a lack of medical personnel. 3. It was found out that all staff should be involved in the improvement of processes, and processes of planned hospitalization of the institution X should be optimised. Questions and decisions concerning patient flow should be addressed to a social worker or unit administrator who does not require for medicine qualification, not to the medical staff. The Ministry of Health, international funds could be considered as a source to apply for finances for upgrade and purchase of medical equipment. Since the number of nurses seems to be too low search and hiring of new qualified nurses is advisable. Issuing patient's medical documentation on time ensures the process of hospital discharge. Informing patients timely about being discharged from hospital or moved to a different unit is also recommended.

The aim of this study is to identify the peculiarities of a hospitalization process of the health care institution X and to find out their optimisation possibilities, also to determine how this process is evaluated by health care professionals and their managers working in the orthopaedic traumatology units. The aim was to determine how the management methods of health service can be used in order to improve the quality of these processes. Recently, the ISO management quality standards have been used mainly, and Lean is often implemented as one of the most successful management concepts. Aim: to reveal the possibilities to optimise processes of orthopaedic services in the health care institution X in terms of employees and managers. Tasks: 1. To reveal features of planned hospitalization processes of orthopaedic services in the health care institution X; 2. To identify disadvantages of optimal functioning of planned hospitalization services in the institution X from the point of view of employees and managers; 3. To reveal the possibilities of improving services of planned hospitalization and health care process in the institution X. Methods and sample of the study: the study was carried out in March and April 2019 at the Orthopaedic traumatology units at the institution X. The research instrument was an anonymous standardized questionnaire, with a response rate of 89.47 percent. During the study it was chosen to analyze the non-random target sample for the evaluation of the processes of hospitalization. 51 respondents took part in the current study: 68.6 percent (n=35) of women and 31.4 percent (n=16) of men; 46.9 percent of doctors, 53.1 percent of nurses; 15.7 percent (n=8) of administrative staff and 84.3 percent (n=43) of clinical specialists. Results: 39.2 percent of respondents indicated that the implementation of information technologies was important for the work optimisation, 33.3 percent FOR updating of work procedures, 78.4 percent FOR upgrading of medical equipment, 72.5 percent FOR staff qualification improvement, 86.3 percent FOR salary increasy and motivation. 75 percent of managers pointed out that the implementation of information technology improves the efficiency of work, which was statistically significantly different from those employed in the medical unit (p=0.024). It was found that the lack of qualified professionals (51 percent) and medical equipment (52.9 percent) are the main obstacles for the improvement of medical services. 62.9 percent of female respondents noted that the lack of qualified professionals influenced the availability of orthopaedic services, which was statistically significantly different from men (p=0.012). 73.1 percent of nurses pointed to a shortage of skilled employees, and 78.3 percent of doctors indicated a sufficient number of qualified staff (p=0.001). According to the respondents, lack of funds (84.3 percent) was the main source of improvement in the quality of medical services. Managers stated that the lack of initiative of health system politicians and heads of the institution plays an important role for optimising quality of services compared to medical unit workers (75 percent), p=0.016. Planned hospitalization process was well rated by respondents (54.9 percent). The patient's transport process was well rated by 72.5 percent, and unsatisfactory only 9.8 percent (n=5), had no opinion 17.6 percent (n=9) of respondents. 37.5 percent of managers judged the process unsatisfactory, and medical staff 4.7 percent, p=0.01. 67.9 percent of nurses supported the establishment of a new courier unit for patient's transportation, p=0.017. The study revealed that the patient's hospitalization process is mostly prolonged by the insufficient number of medical staff (51 percent) and technical barriers (52.9 percent). 73.7 percent of nurses pointed out that late discharge of patient's from hospital is one of the reasons for prolonged hospitalization, doctors 26.3 percent, p=0.021. 87.5 percent of managers stated that medical equipment was not sufficient, and medical staff 42.2 percent, p=0.024. 65 percent of nurses indicated that the patient was insufficiently prepared, therefore the operation delayed, and doctors 35.0 percent, p=0.032. The prolonged discharge of patients from the hospital was mainly influenced by late document delivery (51.0 percent), late patient transfer to another department (39.2 percent), inadequate patient information about departure from hospital (31.4 percent). A statistically significantly more nurses than doctors indicated that late delivery of the medical documents to the patient was an important cause of late discharge, respectively, 69.3 and 34.8 percent, p=0.016. More doctors than nurses indicated that late patient transfer to another specialized department influences late patient discharge a lot, respectively 72.2 and 27.8 percent, p=0.007. Conclusions. 1. Stages of processes of planned hospitalization of the health care institution X and their peculiarities starting with arrival of patient to discharge from hospital were analysed, as well as the main obstacles of processes identified. The study revealed the following findings: insufficient number of professional workers is an obstacle to improve medical services. In order to optimise the process of a patient transportation in the orthopaedic units, a new courier unit could be established. Late discharge of patients from hospital is one of the reasons for prolonging hospitalization time in hospital. The greatest reason for a patient's delay in surgery is poor preparation of a patient. Delay of medical documentation to the patient was a more important cause for a late discharge compared to doctors. 2. The processes of implementing orthopaedic services of the institution X and their optimisation possibilities are differently perceived by medical staff and managers. Employees of the administrative division paid more attention to the implementation of information technologies in order to optimise work. They have stated that the lack of initiative of health politicians and heads of the institution is very important for improving the quality of medical services. A transportation process of patient's to an operating room was more unsatisfactory. Medical equipment was reported more often as inadequate for diagnostics, treatment, and research compared to the medical unit. The research indicated that managers (administrative staff) emphasize upgrading and purchasing of medical equipment. Medical staff though underlined qualification improvement, motivation incentive, and a lack of medical personnel. 3. It was found out that all staff should be involved in the improvement of processes, and processes of planned hospitalization of the institution X should be optimised. Questions and decisions concerning patient flow should be addressed to a social worker or unit administrator who does not require for medicine qualification, not to the medical staff. The Ministry of Health, international funds could be considered as a source to apply for finances for upgrade and purchase of medical equipment. Since the number of nurses seems to be too low search and hiring of new qualified nurses is advisable. Issuing patient's medical documentation on time ensures the process of hospital discharge. Informing patients timely about being discharged from hospital or moved to a different unit is also recommended.

Nowadays while discussing some social, economic or political issues you will hear a lot about generational differences. It is widely discussed in field of work relations. Motivation is the basic part of work relations and it is main tool to ensure productive and effective work. Employees from different generations have different experiences, goals, and expectations to motivation. Shared service centres become significant part of our economics. The goal of this thesis is to identify generational differences in work motivation sources To reach targeted goal the literature analysis and quantitative research was done. Research took place in one of shared service centres in Lithuania. After literature analysis 2 hypotheses were raised Ha. External self-concept and goal internalization motivation sources are higher for X generation than Y; Hb. Intrinsic process, instrumental and self-concept internal motivation sources are higher for Y generation than X. Goals of research: identify generational differences (X and Y) in sources of motivation; also, identify motivational differences in generations according to other demographic indicators; also identify motivational differences among all shared services employees according to other demographic indicators. After analysis of research data hypothesis Ha was not supported, but hypothesis Hb. was partly supported as instrumental and self-concept internal motivation sources are higher for Y generation than X. Also it was found that instrumental motivation is higher for man in generation Y , than for woman. Analysing data of all shared service centres employees it was found that instrumental and self-concept motivation is higher for man that for woman, also instrumental motivation sours is very important for operational specialists and goal internalization sours for management, coordinators and analysts. Master thesis contains of: introduction, three main parts- theoretical, methodological and analysis, conclusions, recommendations, list of literatures, summary in Lithuania and English and annexes.

Nowadays while discussing some social, economic or political issues you will hear a lot about generational differences. It is widely discussed in field of work relations. Motivation is the basic part of work relations and it is main tool to ensure productive and effective work. Employees from different generations have different experiences, goals, and expectations to motivation. Shared service centres become significant part of our economics. The goal of this thesis is to identify generational differences in work motivation sources To reach targeted goal the literature analysis and quantitative research was done. Research took place in one of shared service centres in Lithuania. After literature analysis 2 hypotheses were raised Ha. External self-concept and goal internalization motivation sources are higher for X generation than Y; Hb. Intrinsic process, instrumental and self-concept internal motivation sources are higher for Y generation than X. Goals of research: identify generational differences (X and Y) in sources of motivation; also, identify motivational differences in generations according to other demographic indicators; also identify motivational differences among all shared services employees according to other demographic indicators. After analysis of research data hypothesis Ha was not supported, but hypothesis Hb. was partly supported as instrumental and self-concept internal motivation sources are higher for Y generation than X. Also it was found that instrumental motivation is higher for man in generation Y , than for woman. Analysing data of all shared service centres employees it was found that instrumental and self-concept motivation is higher for man that for woman, also instrumental motivation sours is very important for operational specialists and goal internalization sours for management, coordinators and analysts. Master thesis contains of: introduction, three main parts- theoretical, methodological and analysis, conclusions, recommendations, list of literatures, summary in Lithuania and English and annexes.

Relevance of the topic. In the Member States of the European Union, including Lithuania, quality of education is considered to be one of the most important political priorities. It is noted that it is important to improve management of education and training institutions, to strengthen their leading role and to develop effective quality assurance systems. Improvement of pre-school educational institutions as well as of the whole education system is closely associated with assurance of modern quality management. In order to demonstrate that quality services are provided, educational organizations must ensure quality activities by developing quality assurance systems based on data analysis and self-assessment. Having analysed scientific literature with regard to the concept of quality of education documents and quality management and taking one institution as an example, the theoretical model of changes in education quality management strengthening total quality management at the level of the organization providing pre-school education has been presented. This model may be used by other organizations providing pre-school education. Aim of the thesis: to model the theoretical and practical perspective of changes in education quality management strengthening total quality management at the level of the organization providing pre-school education. Objectives of the thesis: to justify on the grounds of the analysis of scientific literature with regard to the concept of quality of education documents and quality management theoretical assumptions concerning changes in quality management strengthening total quality management at the level of one organization; to justify on the grounds of an empirical research the need and opportunities for changes in education quality management strengthening total quality management at the level of one organization providing pre-school education; to develop on the grounds of a scientific analysis and empirical research a model of changes in education quality management strengthening total quality management at the level of organization providing pre-school education. Research methods: analysis of scientific literature and education documents, analysis of documents of the organization concerning education quality management, questionnaire survey, analysis of statistical data and processing of computer data. The research on quality management of the pre-school educational institution and the need for changes was performed in June – November 2015. The survey involved 20 teachers and 143 parents of students of Pre-School Educational Institution X. The research consists of four stages: I. Analysis of documents of the organization concerning education quality management; II. Assessment of quality management of the organization providing pre-school education, management models and the need to change them in the organization with respect to the views of the teachers; III. Assessment of quality management of the organization providing pre-school education, management models and the need to change them in the organization with respect to the views of the clients, i.e. the parents of students; IV. Modelling of changes in education quality management strengthening total quality management at the level of the organization providing pre-school education.

Relevance of the topic. In the Member States of the European Union, including Lithuania, quality of education is considered to be one of the most important political priorities. It is noted that it is important to improve management of education and training institutions, to strengthen their leading role and to develop effective quality assurance systems. Improvement of pre-school educational institutions as well as of the whole education system is closely associated with assurance of modern quality management. In order to demonstrate that quality services are provided, educational organizations must ensure quality activities by developing quality assurance systems based on data analysis and self-assessment. Having analysed scientific literature with regard to the concept of quality of education documents and quality management and taking one institution as an example, the theoretical model of changes in education quality management strengthening total quality management at the level of the organization providing pre-school education has been presented. This model may be used by other organizations providing pre-school education. Aim of the thesis: to model the theoretical and practical perspective of changes in education quality management strengthening total quality management at the level of the organization providing pre-school education. Objectives of the thesis: to justify on the grounds of the analysis of scientific literature with regard to the concept of quality of education documents and quality management theoretical assumptions concerning changes in quality management strengthening total quality management at the level of one organization; to justify on the grounds of an empirical research the need and opportunities for changes in education quality management strengthening total quality management at the level of one organization providing pre-school education; to develop on the grounds of a scientific analysis and empirical research a model of changes in education quality management strengthening total quality management at the level of organization providing pre-school education. Research methods: analysis of scientific literature and education documents, analysis of documents of the organization concerning education quality management, questionnaire survey, analysis of statistical data and processing of computer data. The research on quality management of the pre-school educational institution and the need for changes was performed in June – November 2015. The survey involved 20 teachers and 143 parents of students of Pre-School Educational Institution X. The research consists of four stages: I. Analysis of documents of the organization concerning education quality management; II. Assessment of quality management of the organization providing pre-school education, management models and the need to change them in the organization with respect to the views of the teachers; III. Assessment of quality management of the organization providing pre-school education, management models and the need to change them in the organization with respect to the views of the clients, i.e. the parents of students; IV. Modelling of changes in education quality management strengthening total quality management at the level of the organization providing pre-school education.

Aim of the study: To evaluate the attitude of personal health care professionals to patient safety and implementation of principles of good management. Objectives: 1. Identify personal health care professionals' attitudes towards patient safety. 2. Identify the approach of personal health care professionals to the implementation of principles of good governance. 3. Identify the links between the approach of personal health care professionals to the implementation of the principles of good governance and the approach to patient safety. Methods. An anonymous questionnaire was conducted by a personal health care institution specialists using a combined Patient Safety Culture (HSOPS) and Good Governance Principle Questionnaire. The one-minute anonymous study was conducted in 2018. January - February. 538 questionnaires were distributed, suitable for data analysis - 341 questionnaires: 57 doctors (16.7 %), 203 nurses (59.5 %), 43 nurses assistants (12.6 %) and 38 other specialists (11.1 %). Response rate - 63.4 percent. Microsoft Office Excel 2010 and IBM SPSS 22.0 software packages were used for statistical data analysis. The study was conducted with the consent of the head of the X health care institution and the permission of the Bioethics Center of the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences 2017-12-01 Nr. BEC - VSV (M) – 37. Results. Almost half of the personal health care professionals consider the level of patient safety in the institution as very good. According to specialists, patient safety is determined by teamwork, feedback and error communication, manager's expectations and actions to promote safety. Specialists, who work for more than 10 years are more likely to have a positive attitude towards the influence of management on patient safety and reports of adverse events. Employees that work more than 40 hours per week more often positively appreciates the handoffs and transitions of a shift. 72.5 percent respondents have not reported any adverse events during the past one year. The evaluation of the principles of good governance implemented in a personal health care facility was distributed as follows: effectiveness/ efficiency (3.88 ± 0.7 points), transparency (3.81 ± 0.8 points), participation (3.76 ± 0.8 points), reporting of patient responses (3.75 ± 0.8 points), impartiality/ equity (3.58 ± 0.8 points), reporting (3.40 ± 0.8 points). Managers, unlike other employees, place more emphasis on the implementation of the principles of transparency and accountability in good health care management. Assessing the links between the approach of personal health care professionals to the implementation of good governance principles and the approach to patient safety, the implementation of the principles of impartiality, participation and transparency enhances the positive attitude of health professionals: the occurrence report and discussion; the impact of teamwork, leadership actions, learning and improvement benefits, shift handoffs and transitions effects, the importance of communication, and the impact of personnel on patient safety; as well as safety management, ensuring this patient need. Only accountability to management reduces the positive attitude of the research participants to the report on adverse events and their discussion; to overall perceptions of patient safety. There was also a weak positive link between the principles of good governance and respondents' opinion of the level of patient safety in their workplace. Conclusions. 1. Two thirds of health care professionals personal consider the level of patients safety in their workplace as very positive (very good or excellent), but the management of adverse events in a personal health care facility is not efficient enough, reported by only 27.5 percent of respondents during the current year. The most important factors in ensuring patient safety are specialist teamwork, feedback and communication about adverse events, manager's expectations / actions to promote safety. The weakest areas of patient health care in a personal health care facility are the wrong response to a mistake; teamwork between departments; openness of communication. 2. The implementation of the principles of good governance, except for reporting, is considered very good in a personal health care institution. The most important principles of good governance are efficiency and transparency. 3. The level of implementation of the principles of good governance shall indicate the assessment of the safety of the patients in the personal health care facility in their units. The positive attitude of healthcare workers to a patient safety culture is particularly enhanced by the implementation of good governance principles such as impartiality, participation, and transparency. The exception is the implementation of the principle of accountability, which reduces the positive attitude of the staff twice towards the occurrence of adverse events and the overall perception of patient safety.

Generally, the concept of the citizen defines the relationship of an individual with the state. The general concept of citizenship defines the desired behavior of an individual and the group of individuals and their (self) perception in the relationship of a citizen and the state. The categories of nationality and citizenship have become the anchor and guarantee for the democratic society and state. However, the conceptions of citizen and citizenship are not inborn but are directly related to the educational process being organized (Callan, 2004). Thus, aiming to achieve the presence of these concepts in the modern societies as the collective knowledge, it is necessary both to organize the focused educational process and analyze the circumstances and aspects causing more successful process of the formation of the citizenship concepts by formal, non-formal and informal educational environments. The problem of this thesis is to find out, what environments, educational or potential, have the influence on the development of citizenship concept in high-school students. The object of the thesis is the educational and potential learning environments and their influence on first year high-school students during the formation of citizenship concept. The aim is to reveal what peculiarities of educational and potential learning environment make impact to the high-school students during their citizenship concept development. Tasks: 1) to provide theoretical rational of the parameters of educational and potential learning environments that make impact on the high-school students during their development of citizenship concepts; 2) to develop theoretical basis of the research methodology of educational and potential learning environments that make impact on the high-school students during their development of citizenship concepts; 3) to provide empirical evidence of the educational and potential learning environments that have influence on the high-school students during the development of citizenship concept. Research methods: there are employed research literature, document analysis, case study, case cross-sectional analysis, questionnaire survey methods and the triangulation. Results. Having made the research literature analysis, there have been defined parameters of the formal and non-formal education of educational environments and the potential environments of the informal learning. Thereof empirical research has been performed that made it clear that high-school students relate the learning process with educational environments that are created in the formal or partially non-formal education context. The informal learning process in potential environments is not perceived by the high-school students as equivalent learning process when comparing it with the activities that are organized in the formal and non-formal education context. In their opinion, the educational learning environments of the formal education have the greatest impact on the development of the citizenship concept. Despite that the research revealed the fact that potential informal learning environments also make significant influence on the development of the citizenship concept in the high-school students. However, this process is hardly recognized, identified and assessed by the learning individuals.

Generally, the concept of the citizen defines the relationship of an individual with the state. The general concept of citizenship defines the desired behavior of an individual and the group of individuals and their (self) perception in the relationship of a citizen and the state. The categories of nationality and citizenship have become the anchor and guarantee for the democratic society and state. However, the conceptions of citizen and citizenship are not inborn but are directly related to the educational process being organized (Callan, 2004). Thus, aiming to achieve the presence of these concepts in the modern societies as the collective knowledge, it is necessary both to organize the focused educational process and analyze the circumstances and aspects causing more successful process of the formation of the citizenship concepts by formal, non-formal and informal educational environments. The problem of this thesis is to find out, what environments, educational or potential, have the influence on the development of citizenship concept in high-school students. The object of the thesis is the educational and potential learning environments and their influence on first year high-school students during the formation of citizenship concept. The aim is to reveal what peculiarities of educational and potential learning environment make impact to the high-school students during their citizenship concept development. Tasks: 1) to provide theoretical rational of the parameters of educational and potential learning environments that make impact on the high-school students during their development of citizenship concepts; 2) to develop theoretical basis of the research methodology of educational and potential learning environments that make impact on the high-school students during their development of citizenship concepts; 3) to provide empirical evidence of the educational and potential learning environments that have influence on the high-school students during the development of citizenship concept. Research methods: there are employed research literature, document analysis, case study, case cross-sectional analysis, questionnaire survey methods and the triangulation. Results. Having made the research literature analysis, there have been defined parameters of the formal and non-formal education of educational environments and the potential environments of the informal learning. Thereof empirical research has been performed that made it clear that high-school students relate the learning process with educational environments that are created in the formal or partially non-formal education context. The informal learning process in potential environments is not perceived by the high-school students as equivalent learning process when comparing it with the activities that are organized in the formal and non-formal education context. In their opinion, the educational learning environments of the formal education have the greatest impact on the development of the citizenship concept. Despite that the research revealed the fact that potential informal learning environments also make significant influence on the development of the citizenship concept in the high-school students. However, this process is hardly recognized, identified and assessed by the learning individuals.

Generally, the concept of the citizen defines the relationship of an individual with the state. The general concept of citizenship defines the desired behavior of an individual and the group of individuals and their (self) perception in the relationship of a citizen and the state. The categories of nationality and citizenship have become the anchor and guarantee for the democratic society and state. However, the conceptions of citizen and citizenship are not inborn but are directly related to the educational process being organized (Callan, 2004). Thus, aiming to achieve the presence of these concepts in the modern societies as the collective knowledge, it is necessary both to organize the focused educational process and analyze the circumstances and aspects causing more successful process of the formation of the citizenship concepts by formal, non-formal and informal educational environments. The problem of this thesis is to find out, what environments, educational or potential, have the influence on the development of citizenship concept in high-school students. The object of the thesis is the educational and potential learning environments and their influence on first year high-school students during the formation of citizenship concept. The aim is to reveal what peculiarities of educational and potential learning environment make impact to the high-school students during their citizenship concept development. Tasks: 1) to provide theoretical rational of the parameters of educational and potential learning environments that make impact on the high-school students during their development of citizenship concepts; 2) to develop theoretical basis of the research methodology of educational and potential learning environments that make impact on the high-school students during their development of citizenship concepts; 3) to provide empirical evidence of the educational and potential learning environments that have influence on the high-school students during the development of citizenship concept. Research methods: there are employed research literature, document analysis, case study, case cross-sectional analysis, questionnaire survey methods and the triangulation. Results. Having made the research literature analysis, there have been defined parameters of the formal and non-formal education of educational environments and the potential environments of the informal learning. Thereof empirical research has been performed that made it clear that high-school students relate the learning process with educational environments that are created in the formal or partially non-formal education context. The informal learning process in potential environments is not perceived by the high-school students as equivalent learning process when comparing it with the activities that are organized in the formal and non-formal education context. In their opinion, the educational learning environments of the formal education have the greatest impact on the development of the citizenship concept. Despite that the research revealed the fact that potential informal learning environments also make significant influence on the development of the citizenship concept in the high-school students. However, this process is hardly recognized, identified and assessed by the learning individuals.

Generally, the concept of the citizen defines the relationship of an individual with the state. The general concept of citizenship defines the desired behavior of an individual and the group of individuals and their (self) perception in the relationship of a citizen and the state. The categories of nationality and citizenship have become the anchor and guarantee for the democratic society and state. However, the conceptions of citizen and citizenship are not inborn but are directly related to the educational process being organized (Callan, 2004). Thus, aiming to achieve the presence of these concepts in the modern societies as the collective knowledge, it is necessary both to organize the focused educational process and analyze the circumstances and aspects causing more successful process of the formation of the citizenship concepts by formal, non-formal and informal educational environments. The problem of this thesis is to find out, what environments, educational or potential, have the influence on the development of citizenship concept in high-school students. The object of the thesis is the educational and potential learning environments and their influence on first year high-school students during the formation of citizenship concept. The aim is to reveal what peculiarities of educational and potential learning environment make impact to the high-school students during their citizenship concept development. Tasks: 1) to provide theoretical rational of the parameters of educational and potential learning environments that make impact on the high-school students during their development of citizenship concepts; 2) to develop theoretical basis of the research methodology of educational and potential learning environments that make impact on the high-school students during their development of citizenship concepts; 3) to provide empirical evidence of the educational and potential learning environments that have influence on the high-school students during the development of citizenship concept. Research methods: there are employed research literature, document analysis, case study, case cross-sectional analysis, questionnaire survey methods and the triangulation. Results. Having made the research literature analysis, there have been defined parameters of the formal and non-formal education of educational environments and the potential environments of the informal learning. Thereof empirical research has been performed that made it clear that high-school students relate the learning process with educational environments that are created in the formal or partially non-formal education context. The informal learning process in potential environments is not perceived by the high-school students as equivalent learning process when comparing it with the activities that are organized in the formal and non-formal education context. In their opinion, the educational learning environments of the formal education have the greatest impact on the development of the citizenship concept. Despite that the research revealed the fact that potential informal learning environments also make significant influence on the development of the citizenship concept in the high-school students. However, this process is hardly recognized, identified and assessed by the learning individuals.