We present an experimental technique enabling mechanical-noise free, cavity-enhanced frequency measurements of an atomic transition and its hyperfine structure. We employ the 532nm frequency doubled output from a Nd:YAG laser and an iodine vapour cell. The cell is placed in a traveling-wave Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) with counter-propagating pump and probe beams. The FPI is locked using the Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) technique. Mechanical noise is rejected by differencing pump and probe signals. In addition, this differenced error signal gives a sensitive measure of differential non-linearity within the FPI. ; This research was completed at the Center for Gravitational Physics and the Center for Quantum Atom Optics supported by the Australian Research Council and the Australian Capital Territory Government.
We present an experimental technique enabling mechanical-noise free, cavity-enhanced frequency measurements of an atomic transition and its hyperfine structure. We employ the 532nm frequency doubled output from a Nd:YAG laser and an iodine vapour cell. The cell is placed in a traveling-wave Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) with counter-propagating pump and probe beams. The FPI is locked using the Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) technique. Mechanical noise is rejected by differencing pump and probe signals. In addition, this differenced error signal gives a sensitive measure of differential non-linearity within the FPI. ; This research was completed at the Center for Gravitational Physics and the Center for Quantum Atom Optics supported by the Australian Research Council and the Australian Capital Territory Government.
Chau, Tsz Kin. ; "December 2011." ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012. ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter Chapter 1 --- Who's Pan Yuliang? Whose Pan Yuliang? --- p.7 ; Who's Pan Yuliang? --- p.7 ; Life and Art of Pan Yuliang: Existing Account --- p.12 ; Whose Pan Yuliang? --- p.22 ; "Summary of Existing Accounts: Biography, Oedipus complex and Narcissism" --- p.30 ; Chapter Chapter 2 --- Reconsidering Pan Yuliang --- p.33 ; Academic works in Mainland China and Taiwan since 2000 --- p.33 ; Theorizing the Woman Painter --- p.42 ; Background I: Modern Art in Republican China --- p.54 ; Background II: Paris Modernism --- p.60 ; Chapter Chapter 3 --- Expanding Biography into History --- p.63 ; Chapter Chapter 4 --- The Political Xiesheng and its Gender Politics --- p.82 ; "Pan Yuliang: from Shanghai (1928-32, 36-37) to Nanjing (1933-35)" --- p.83 ; The Mission ofNanjang: National Administering of Modernism --- p.86 ; Pan Yuliang and the Chinese Arts Association --- p.97 ; Xiesheng and a New Woman/painter Subject --- p.113 ; Conclusion: a Different Modern for a Woman Painter --- p.123 ; Chapter Chapter 5 --- Differencing the Modern and Women's Culture --- p.127 ; Theorizing Women's Culture --- p.130 ; Pan Yuliang and Women's Community --- p.134 ; Contextualizing Women's Community: Republican Modernity and Post-war ; Pacifism --- p.137 ; Conclusion: Women's Art and Modernism --- p.145 ; Conclusion Rethinking Republican and Women's Art --- p.146 ; Appendix --- p.150 ; Glossary --- p.158 ; Graphical Materials --- p.165 ; Bibliography --- p.251
Malcolm X was born Malcolm Little on May 19, 1925 in Omaha, NE. His mother, Louise Norton Little, was a homemaker occupied with the family's eight children. His father, Earl Little, was an outspoken Baptist minister and avid supporter of Black Nationalist leader Marcus Garvey. In 1929, their Lansing, MI, home was burned to the ground. Two years later, Earl's body was found lying across the town's trolley tracks. Louise suffered an emotional breakdown several years after the death of her husband, was institutionalized, and her children were split up amongst various foster homes and orphanages. Malcolm was a smart, focused student. He graduated from junior high at the top of his class. However, he lost interest in school when a teacher told him that his dream of becoming a lawyer was not realistic because of the color of his skin. He dropped out, spent time in Boston working various odd jobs and traveled to Harlem where he committed petty crimes. By 1942, he was coordinating various narcotics, prostitution and gambling rings. Malcolm returned to Boston where, in 1946, he was arrested and convicted on burglary charges and sentenced to prison. It was during this period of self-enlightenment that Malcolm would begin to study the teachings of Nation of Islam (NOI) leader Elijah Muhammad, who taught that white society actively worked to keep African-Americans from achieving political, economic and social success. By the time he was paroled in 1952, Malcolm was a devoted follower with the new surname "X." He was appointed a minister and national spokesman for the NOI. Elijah Muhammad charged him with establishing new mosques in Detroit and Harlem. Malcolm used newspaper columns, as well as radio and television to communicate the NOI's message across the United States. Crowds and controversy surrounding Malcolm made him a media magnet. He was featured in a week-long television special that explored the fundamentals of the NOI, and tracked Malcolm's emergence as one of its most important leaders. Racial tensions ran increasingly high during the early 1960s. In addition to the media, Malcolm's personality captured the government's attention. Malcolm's faith was dealt a crushing blow at the height of the civil rights movement in 1963, when he learned that Elijah Muhammad was secretly having relations with women within the organization. He received criticism for a comment he made regarding the assassination of President John F. Kennedy. After the statement, Elijah Muhammad "silenced" Malcolm for 90 days. In March 1964 Malcolm terminated his relationship with the NOI and decided to found his own religious organization, the Muslim Mosque, Inc. That same year, Malcolm went on a pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia. For the first time, Malcolm shared his thoughts and beliefs with different cultures, and found the response overwhelmingly positive. When he returned, Malcolm said he had met "blonde-haired, blue-eyed men I could call my brothers." He returned to the United States with a new outlook on integration and a new hope for the future. FBI informants working undercover in the NOI warned officials that Malcolm had been marked for assassination. After repeated attempts on his life, Malcolm rarely traveled anywhere without bodyguards. On Feb. 14, 1965, the home where Malcolm, Betty and their four daughters lived in East Elmhurst, NY was firebombed. The family escaped physical injury. A week later, Malcolm's enemies were successful. At a speaking engagement in the Manhattan's Audubon Ballroom on Feb. 21, 1965, three gunmen rushed him onstage where they shot him more than a dozen times at close range. The 39-year-old was pronounced dead on arrival at New York's Columbia Presbyterian Hospital. ; https://vc.bridgew.edu/hoba/1008/thumbnail.jpg
Darba tēma: "Darbinieku motivācija uzņēmumā "X"". Atslēgas vārdi: motivācija, darbinieki, atalgojums, apmierinātība ar darbu, motīvs, vajadzības, vadītājs, motivācijas politika. Maģistra darbs sastāv no divām daļām: Teorētiskā daļa sevī ietver divas nodaļas – motivācijas teorētisko aspektu un motivācijas nozīmes apskats organizācijas darba efektivitātes realizācijas procesā, kā arī atalgojuma kā svarīga darba ražības motivatora teorētiskā analīze. Praktiskā daļa ietver sevī organizācijas raksturojumu, pētījuma norises praktisko aspektus un iegūto rezultātu analīzi un interpretāciju, kā arī priekšlikumus organizācijas darbinieku motivācijas stimulēšana un motivācijas politikas pilnveidošana, precizējot negatīvos faktorus un to novēršanas iespējas. Darba apjoms: 83 lappuses, 36 attēli, 1 tabula, 6 pielikumi. Darba izstrādāšanā izmantoti 43 bibliogrāfiskie nosaukumi. ; Workers' motivation in institution "X" Key words: motivation, employees, salary, satisfaction with work, motive, necessities, leader, politics of motivation. Paper consists of 2 parts: Theoretical part includes 2 chapters-analysis of the motivation's theoretical aspect and the importance of motivation in the realisation process of company's work efficiency, as well as the theoretical analysis of salary as an important motivator of work productivity. Practical part includes the company's characterisation, practical aspects of the research process, the analysis and interpretation of the results obtained, suggestions concerning company's employees stimulation of motivation and motivation politics's improvements, analysis of negative factors and ways of their elimination. Paper consists of: 83 pages, 36 pictures, 1 chart, 6 additions. This paper contains 43 bibliographical names.
The Tenth Congress of the CCP witnessed the decline of military influence in China. It sanctioned the reemergence of formerly purged rightist power-holders in the Party and the renewed upsurge of an anti-revisionist mass movement. These conflicting trends reflect in the composition of the leading bodies of the Party which are characterized by a coalition of moderate and leftist forces against the military. The election of five vice-chairmen of the CC points to a decision to establish a collective leadership after Mao's decease with second Party vice-chairman Wang Hung-wen symbolizing the continuation of revolutionary policies. The aftermath of the Party's Tenth Congress saw renewed confrontation between radical and moderate forces and threw doubt on the viability of the compromise reached at the congress. The debate on qualifications for Party membership and the conflicting attitudes to the new Mao-dictum of .Going against the tide' were manifestations of unresolved struggles which were to surface in the anti-Confucian mass movement in 1974.
Bright and eclipsing, the high-mass X-ray binary Vela X-1 offers a unique opportunity to study accretion onto a neutron star from clumpy winds of O/B stars and to disentangle the complex accretion geometry of these systems. In Chandra-HETGS spectroscopy at orbital phase 0.25, when our line of sight towards the source does not pass through the large-scale accretion structure such as the accretion wake, we observe changes in overall spectral shape on timescales of a few kiloseconds. This spectral variability is, at least in part, caused by changes in overall absorption and we show that such strongly variable absorption cannot be caused by unperturbed clumpy winds of O/B stars. We detect line features from high and low ionization species of silicon, magnesium, and neon whose strengths and presence depend on the overall level of absorption. These features imply a co-existence of cool and hot gas phases in the system, which we interpret as a highly variable, structured accretion flow close to the compact object such as has been recently seen in simulations of wind accretion in high-mass X-ray binaries. ; V.G. is thankful for support of her work through the ESA internal research fellowship. Part of this work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. Support for this work was provided by NASA through the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) contract SV3-73016 to MIT for Support of the Chandra X-Ray Center (CXC) and Science Instruments; CXC is operated by SAO for and on behalf of NASA under contract NAS8-03060. I.E.M. acknowledges funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie SkłlCodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 665501 with the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO). A.A.C.S. is supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) under grant HA 1455/26. J.N. acknowledges support from NASA through the Hubble Postdoctoral Fellowship Program, grant HST-HF2-51343.001-A. S.M.N. acknowledges support by research project ESP2016-76683-C3-1-R. ; Peer Reviewed
Contiene: In The United States / Pearce Bailey. [et al.] -- In The American expeditionary forces / Thomas W. Salmon, Norman Fenton ; En: The Medical Department of The United States Army in the World War
Suite à son avènement en 1314, Louis X tarda à recourir à deux des principaux symboles de la légitimité royale : le sceau de majesté et le sacre. Ce délai participe d'un projet concerté, visant à affirmer l'autorité et les intentions réformatrices du souverain face à l'agitation du royaume. Louis X développe une iconographie sigillaire innovante, puis met en scène son sacre, son pouvoir thaumaturgique et la levée de l'ost. Ces innovations se heurtent cependant à l'échec de l'ost ; Following his accession in 1314, Louis X took his time before availing himself of two of the main symbols of royal legitimacy: the seal of majesty and the coronation. This delay was part of a concerted plan aimed at affirming the authority and reformist intentions of the sovereign in the face of national turmoil. Louis X developed an innovative sigillary iconography before staging his coronation, manifesting his miracle-working power and implementing military service. However, these innovations came up against the failure of military service
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Mixed crystals Cs1−x(NH4)xH2PO4 of the ferroelectric CsH2PO4 (CDP) and the antiferroelectric (NH4)H2PO4 were grown with x=0.2 (CADP0.2) in solution. The structural properties of the crystal were analyzed by means of x-ray diffraction. Dielectric measurements at several temperatures and frequencies have been performed along the three crystallographic axes in this sample and also in the fully deuterated CADP0.2 sample (DCADP0.2). NMR experiments were also performed. ; NSFgrantDMR-9520215; Basque Government under grant BFI96.041
arXiv:1302.6719v1 ; Luminosity functions are one of the most important observational clues when studying galaxy evolution over cosmic time. In this paper we present the X-ray luminosity functions for X-ray detected AGN in the SXDS and GWS fields. The limiting fluxes of our samples are 9.0 ×10-15 and 4.8 ×10-16 erg cm-2 s-1 in the 0.5-7.0 keV band in the two fields, respectively. We carried out analysis in three X-ray bands and in two redshift intervals up to z ≤ 1.4. Moreover, we derive the luminosity functions for different optical morphologies and X-ray types. We confirm strong luminosity evolution in all three bands, finding the most luminous objects at higher redshift. However, no signs of density evolution are found in any tested X-ray band. We obtain similar results for compact and early-type objects. Finally, we observe the >Steffen effect>, where X-ray type-1 sources are more numerous at higher luminosities in comparison with type-2 sources. ; This research has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) under the grant AYA2011-29517-C03-01. MP, IM, and JM acknowledge Junta de Andalucía and MINECO through projects PO8-TIC-03531 and AYA2010-15169. We acknowledge support from the Faculty of the European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC). JIGS acknowledge financial support from the MINECO under project AYA2008-06311-C02-02 and AYA2011-29517-C03-02. JG acknowledges support from the MINECO through AYA2009-10368 project. The CEFCA is funded by the Fondo de Inversiones de Teruel, supported by both the Government of Spain (50%) and the regional Government of Aragón (50%). This work has been partially funded by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación through the PNAYA, under grants AYA2006-14056 and th-rough the ICTS 2009-14. ; Peer Reviewed
