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決定美國外交政策的因素是多樣的,有國內因素與國外因素。概括而言,影響其外交決策的國內政治力量有總統、國務院及國務卿,國防部、國會,利益集團同媒體等等,而上述各個權力體都會受到公眾輿論的限制。可以說,公眾輿論是美國這個民主政體的外交行為不可忽視的影響力量。早至上世紀中葉,以沃爾特李普曼為代表的一批國際關係專家曾掀起研究公眾輿論的熱潮,李普曼、阿爾蒙德等持現實主義理論的學者認為公眾輿論不具有穩定性和理性,其情緒化,變幻莫測還容易收到外界影響,不應影響一國的外交決策。爭鋒相對的,自由主義理論的支持者則堅持公眾有權利參與外交決策,也有能力從國家利益出發理性地參與外交問題。 ; 自由主義和現實主義理論關於公眾輿論的認識是從不同角度出發去理解公眾輿論在外交決策領域的作用,因此二者難分上下,也不分對錯,一再糾纏與兩種理論的爭鋒不利於我們瞭解美國公眾輿論和外交決策的真實關係。本研究即是從此出發點考慮,跳出理論之爭,而將研究的重點集中於分析公眾輿論是如何在具體的情境中與政府互動的。筆者將通過對1940年代這一政策調整頻繁時期《紐約時報》對華新聞報導的分析,來考察在宋美齡訪美、重慶談判、承認中華人民共和國等歷史事件中美國民眾、媒體態度的變化以及政府在其中的角色如何。本研究的創新之處則在於從小處,即《紐約時報》的新聞報導著手看公眾輿論與美國外交決策這一宏觀互動關係的具體形式,希望有助於美國政治文化的研究。 ; Over the past six decades since the founding of the People's Republic of China, our understanding of the Sino-U.S. relations has undergone considerable revisions. From the beginning of the Cold War to President Nixon's visit to China, U.S. and China had been from enemies to friends, rivals to partners, later with the rise of China as one important power of world politics as well as economy, the balance between relations of U.S. and China flows with the distinguished definition of national interests. Therefore, the images of China in American eyes were never belonged to any stable type, public opinion in the U.S. has developed many different perspectives on China. ; Public Opinion plays an interesting role in shaping U.S. foreign policy, and the academic community and political observers have repeatedly debated on elaborations of its influence. To examine whether public opinion has participated in the policy making process of U.S. diplomacy is one good way to investigate if the development and expansion of government institutions would undermine the operation of liberal democracy and infringe on personal liberties. ; In order to answer the question in how Public Opinion influences the Government in foreign policy making and how the government, the media and Public interacted, I will conduct empirical studies and News analysis to interpret the New York Times News reports concerning U.S. Foreign Policy towards China in the ...

本論文使用世界銀行在2006年及2010年於六個拉丁美洲國家進行的企業調查所得之一組全新數據,重新在公司層面審視「金融發展--(公司)增長」的連結關係,發現即使控制了宏觀經濟的改變以及利用固定效應之縱橫計量模型進行估算,金融發展對公司銷售以及勞工生產力都有顯著的正面效果,支持以往相關的公司層面研究。 ; 然而,與過往的公司層面研究不同,金融發展對比較大型公司的正面影響,相對小型公司之影響為大。這結果與較近期的研究指在新興市場中,金融發展會不成比例地刺激本來因政治或其他因素與金融體系比較密切的公司相符。未來研究應注重這些市場的獨特性以求更透徹地了解箇中機制。 ; This thesis revisits the finance-growth nexus at the firm level. Using a new dataset based on the World Bank Enterprise Survey conducted in 2006 and 2010 covering six Latin American countries, financial development is found to have a positive effect on both the level of firm sales and labor productivity, after controlling for other macroeconomic changes and unobserved firm-specific effects in a panel-data estimation, reinforcing previous similar studies at the firm level, which relied only on cross-sectional data. ; However, in contrast to earlier firm level cross-sectional researches, it is discovered that financial development exerts a greater positive effect on larger firms relative to smaller ones. This is consistent with more recent studies that finance disproportionately spurs growth of firms that are originally more connected to the financial system for political or other reasons in the context of emerging markets. Future researches should point to the uniqueness of these markets to understand more thoroughly the mechanism behind. ; Detailed summary in vernacular field only. ; Detailed summary in vernacular field only. ; Tsang, Wai Him. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 69-72). ; Abstracts also in Chinese. ; Abstract --- p.ii ; 擇要 --- p.iii ; Acknowledgements --- p.iv ; Table of Contents --- p.v ; Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter 2 --- Motivation --- p.6 ; Chapter 2.1 --- Revisiting the finance-growth connection at the firm-level with a new dataset --- p.13 ; Chapter 2.2 --- The distributional effects associated with financial development --- p.18 ; Chapter 3 --- Data Set and Methodology --- p.25 ; Chapter 3.1 --- The Data --- p.25 ; Chapter 3.2 ...

Lam Kwan Heung. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 135-137). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese; appendices in English with some Chinese. ; Abstract --- p.ii-iv ; Acknowledgement --- p.v ; Table of Contents --- p.vi ; Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1-6 ; Chapter Chapter 2 --- Literature Review --- p.7-22 ; Chapter Chapter 3 --- Research Methods --- p.23-35 ; Chapter Chapter 4 --- An Overview on Hainan --- p.36-46 ; Chapter Chapter 5 --- Framing of Hainan --- p.47-92 ; Chapter ´Ø --- International law and order ; Chapter ´Ø --- U.S. peacekeeping surveillance ; Chapter ´Ø --- Victimized U.S ; Chapter Chapter 6 --- Framing of China --- p.93-125 ; Chapter ´Ø --- China's skewed media ; Chapter ´Ø --- China as a problematic communist state ; Chapter ´Ø --- China as a secretive military power ; Chapter ´Ø --- China's aggression towards Taiwan ; Chapter ´Ø --- China's buying off U.S. politicians ; Chapter Chapter 7 --- Conclusion --- p.126-134 ; Bibliography --- p.135-137 ; Appendices --- p.138-182

submitted by Suen Bing. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 87-90). ; Abstract also in Chinese. ; Abstract --- p.i ; Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter Chapter One: --- Republicanism and Progressive Historical Interpretations ; What is Republicanism? --- p.7 ; Republicanism as a Guiding Philosophy in Progressive Historical Scholarship --- p.16 ; Chapter Chapter Two: --- Frederick Jackson Turner's Frontier Democracy: A Republican Way of Thinking ; How Turner's thesis related frontier conditions with democracy? --- p.20 ; In what way is Turner's thesis affected by republicanism? --- p.24 ; A trace of republican idealism in Turner's later articles --- p.26 ; The safety valve hypothesis: A supplement to Turner's free land ´ؤ democracy relationship --- p.31 ; Free land - democracy vs. Education - democracy --- p.35 ; Chapter Chapter Three: --- Industrial Democracy and American Civilization: The Two Sides of Charles A. Beard's Republican Thinking ; The Industrial Society (1901) --- p.42 ; An Economic Interpretation of the Constitution of the United States (1913) --- p.46 ; "Contemporary American History, 1877-1913 (1914)" --- p.51 ; The Rise of American Civilization (1927) --- p.54 ; The American Spirit (1942) --- p.58 ; Chapter Chapter Four: --- William Appleman Williams' Inheritance of Progressive Historians' Republican Tradition ; American Russian Relations: 1871 ´ؤ1947 and The Tragedy of American Diplomacy --- p.64 ; The Contours of American History --- p.72 ; Great Evasion and Empire as a Way of Life --- p.77 ; Conclusion --- p.83 ; Bibliography --- p.87