Suchergebnisse

El artículo tiene como objetivo discutir el rol de la Policía desde el cruce entre la antropometría, el detectivismo y la Policía Judicial en Colombia a principios del siglo xx. Con base en material inédito de archivo, prensa y revistas de la época, se reconstruye el caso de la deportación de Emilio Napoleón Ravalletty, un migrante francés, sospechoso de robo y presuntamente indocumentado. Dada la confluencia entre las políticas raciales de migración, las nociones de seguridad y los imaginarios de peligrosidad social, se analizan las prácticas de registro antropométrico, la construcción de prueba como ejercicio detectivesco y la administración de justicia a cargo de la Policía. Con este acercamiento se evidencian, primero, las estrategias con las cuales se fabrica la noción de sujeto pernicioso; segundo, cómo el prejuicio es objeto de racionalización; y, tercero, la fragilidad del límite entre positivo y falso positivo como parte constitutiva de la prevención y la anticipación.

O médico e antropólogo José Bastos de Ávila teve uma destacada atuação no campo da antropologia física no Brasil nas décadas de 1920 e 1930. Trabalhou no Museu Nacional e, a seguir, no Instituto de Pesquisas Educacionais, ambos no Rio de Janeiro. Neste texto, analisamos a trajetória das pesquisas em antropologia física de Ávila, que se concentraram em questões acerca da raça e mestiçagem, com particular destaque nas características antropométricas de crianças. A partir de pesquisas em escolas públicas, Ávila concluiu que os estudantes poderiam atingir melhores níveis de crescimento, se não fossem as péssimas condições sanitárias dos bairros cariocas. Ávila enfatizou que os principais problemas do país residiam nas más condições de saúde, higiene e educação da população, e não devido à dimensão racial. Ávila também participou de expedições científicas, envolveu-se em debates sobre o patrimônio arqueológico, conduziu pesquisas sobre indígenas e escreveu um romance premiado pela Academia Brasileira de Letras em 1932. Argumentamos que a perspectiva de Ávila, marcada por uma crítica ao determinismo racial, fez parte de uma vertente que predominou na antropologia física praticada no Museu Nacional nas primeiras décadas do século XX, que, por sua vez, esteve associada a dinâmicas sociopolíticas mais amplas em curso no Brasil.

Contents.--Pt. 1. Dati antropologici ed etnologici. [v. 1.] Atlante della geografia antropologica d'Italia.--pt. 1 [v. 2] Testo e tavole.--Pt. 2. Dati demografici e biologici. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Contents.--Pt. 1. Dati antropologici ed etnologici. [v. 1.] Atlante della geografia antropologica d'Italia.--pt. 1 [v. 2] Testo e tavole.--Pt. 2. Dati demografici e biologici. ; Mode of access: Internet.

"Indice degli autori citati": v. 1, verso of third prelim. leaf; v. 2, p. [vi]. ; Mode of access: Internet.

The dietary inflammatory index (DII) is a new tool to assess the inflammatory potential of the diet. In the present study, we aimed to determine the association between the DII and BMI, waist circumference and waist:height ratio (WHtR). We conducted a cross-sectional study of 7236 participants recruited into the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea trial. Information from a validated 137-item FFQ was used to calculate energy, food and nutrient intakes. A fourteen-item dietary screener was used to assess adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MeDiet). Sex-specific multivariable linear regression models were fitted to estimate differences (and 95 % CI) in BMI, waist circumference and WHtR across the quintiles of the DII. All nutrient intakes, healthy foods and adherence to the MeDiet were higher in the quintile with the lowest DII score (more anti-inflammatory values) except for intakes of animal protein, saturated fat and monounsaturated fat. Although an inverse association between the DII and total energy was apparent, the DII was associated with higher average BMI, waist circumference and WHtR after adjusting for known risk factors. The adjusted difference in the WHtR for women and men between the highest and lowest quintiles of the DII was 1·60 % (95 % CI 0·87, 2·33) and 1·04 % (95 % CI 0·35, 1·74), respectively. Pro-inflammatory scores remained associated with obesity after controlling for the effect that adherence to a MeDiet had on inflammation. In conclusion, the present study shows a direct association between the DII and indices of obesity, and supports the hypothesis that diet may have a role in the development of obesity through inflammatory modulation mechanisms. ; The PREDIMED trial was supported by the official funding agency for Biomedical Research of the Spanish Government, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), through grants provided to research networks specifically developed for the trial: RTIC G03/140 (Coordinator: R Estruch, MD, PhD), CIBERobn, and RTIC RD 06/0045 (Coordinator: MA Martínez-González, MD, PhD). We also acknowledge grants from Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares CNIC 06/2007, Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria - Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (PI04-2239, PI 05/2584, CP06/00100, PI07/0240, PI07/1138, PI07/0954, PI 07/0473, PI10/01407, PI11/01647), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (AGL-2009-13906-C02, AGL2010-22319-C03), Fundación Mapfre 2010, Public Health Division of the Department of Health of the Autonomous Government of Catalonia and Generalitat Valenciana (ACOMP06109, GVACOMP2010-181, GVACOMP2011-151, CS2010-AP-111 and CS2011-AP-042), and a joint contract (CES09/030) with the Instituto de Salud Carlos III and the Health Department of the Catalan Government (Generalitat de Catalunya).

El objetivo de este trabajo es describir la trayectoria científica desplegada por Matus entre los años 1906 y 1915, examinando las prácticas de recolección y organización de los datos utilizados para la antropometría y la antropología, las discusiones metodológicas sobre la aplicación de técnicas e instrumentos utilizados en ambas disciplinas, como así también el establecimiento de relaciones académicas y los diálogos que sostuvo con las distintas instituciones y agentes involucrados. En un contexto marcado por la búsqueda de la especificidad de "la raza chilena", ambas investigaciones, le permitieron a Matus elaborar un retrato científico capaz de revelar las características raciales de la población chilena. ; This paper describes the scientific career developed by Matus between 1906 and 1915. Particularly, attention is paid to the collection and organization of his anthropometrical and anthropological data, to his methodological discussions on techniques and instruments used, and to the academic and institutional networks he built throughout. In a context where defining a "Chilean race" was a prominent scientific and political objective, both studies allowed Matus to establish a scientific definition over the racial characteristics of the Chilean population.

In the spring of 1995, during works for the rehabilitation of a wall that closed the grotto of the Old Cemetery in the Sicilian village of Alia, the skeletal remains of the victims of the cholera outbreak of 1837 that had been rapidly interred here were brought to light. From that moment on, the Alia project was developed without interruption, analysing the biological evolution of the local population by exploiting study methods characteristic of different anthropological disciplines, such as skeletal biology, population genetics and biodemography. The book renders account of research completed and in progress carried out by academics from the Universities of Florence, Palermo, Parma, Cagliari, Turin and Göttingen. - Nella primavera del 1995, durante i lavori di risanamento al muro che chiudeva la grotta del Cimitero Vecchio del paese siciliano di Alia, erano tornati alla luce i resti scheletrici delle vittime dell'epidemia di colera del 1837, qui frettolosamente inumati. Da quel momento il progetto Alia si è sviluppato senza sosta, analizzando l'evoluzione biologica della popolazione aliese mediante le metodologie di studio tipiche di differenti discipline antropologiche quali la biologia scheletrica, la genetica di popolazione, la biodemografia. Il volume dà conto delle ricerche condotte e in corso da parte di studiosi delle Università di Firenze, Palermo, Parma, Cagliari, Torino e Göttingen.

Introduction: Physical fitness is a fundamental capability required of military personnel, but studies focusing on longitudinal changes in physical fitness and anthropometrics in soldiers are lacking. The aim was to evaluate physical fitness and anthropometrics in soldiers during their early career. Methods: A 3-year prospective study included 180 male soldiers (baseline age 26±2 years) with measures of a 12 min running test, standing long jump, sit-up and push-up tests, and body mass, height and waist circumference (WC). Baseline data were stratified into tertiles, and the changes within each tertile were analysed using dependent t-tests and analysis of variance. Results: 12 min running test distance decreased on average by 2% (−54 m), sit-up performance 3% (−1.5 repetitions (reps)/min), push-up performance 4% (−1.9 reps/min) and standing long jump performance 1% (−2.1 cm) over the 3-year period (p<0.05). Both aerobic and muscular fitness decreased consistently among the highest baseline tertile (12 min running test: −70 m, sit-ups: −3.2 reps/min, push-ups: −7.5 reps/min, standing long jump: −5.5 cm; p<0.001), whereas both aerobic and muscular fitness levels were maintained and push-up performance was improved (p<0.05) in the lowest baseline tertiles. Body mass increased on average by 4% (+3.4 kg) and WC by 4% (+3.9 cm) (p<0.001), and these increases were observed for all baseline tertiles (p<0.05). Conclusions: Small decrements in physical fitness and anthropometrics exist during the early career of soldiers. The changes in physical fitness differed according to baseline fitness levels. The results indicate that support for exercise training may be needed even in a soldier's early career. ; peerReviewed

Contiene: De la Sección de Anatomía y Fisiología, acerca de la obra "Antropometria Militare", del Dr. Ridolfo Livi.-- págs. 365-379