Suchergebnisse

In this work, we address the problem of blocking in the context of author name disambiguation. We describe a framework that formalizes different ways of name-matching to determine which names could potentially refer to the same author. We focus on name variations that follow from specifying a name with different completeness (i.e. full first name or only initial). We extend this framework by a simple way to define traditional, new and custom blocking schemes. Then, we evaluate different old and new schemes in the Web of Science. In this context we define and compare a new type of blocking schemes. Based on these results, we discuss the question whether name-matching can be used in blocking evaluation as a replacement of annotated author identifiers. Finally, we argue that blocking can have a strong impact on the application and evaluation of author disambiguation.

The aim of this article is to find in the pages of the national magazine Revista 22, reflections of the minority issue - in this case the targeted subject being the condition of Jewish minority of Romania in the country or emigrated abroad (as for instance Israel). The article brings into discussion also reflections of Jews in Europe. The method of work is the critical interpretations of articles combined with a descriptive analysis of their content. Our conclusion leads to the fact that there is a small, active community of Jews in Romania represented at the political level as a minority community, pursuing specific interests who cherishes the memory of Holocaust and wants to say the truth about it, having important ties and connections with the Romanian Jews from Israel and being directly interested in maintaining Jewish interests in Israel. At European level, the problems, existing with the inner states minorities, are amplified by waves of migrations coming from Asia. The conclusion is that the Revista 22 brings a lot of information about the Jewish minority from Romania, resolving the historical issue of saying the truth about the Holocaust, but, as a recommendation, I suggest to bring more fresh news and periodically about Israel, as a vivid center of religions, that concerns European Union and its citizens.

"In this paper we describe a case study where researchers in the social sciences (n=19) assess topical relevance for controlled search terms, journal names and author names which have been compiled by recommender services. We call these services Search Term Recommender (STR), Journal Name Recommender (JNR) and Author Name Recommender
(ANR) in this paper. The researchers in our study (practitioners, PhD students and postdocs) were asked to assess the top n preprocessed
recommendations from each recommender for specific research topics which have been named by them in an interview before the experiment. Our results show clearly that the presented search term, journal name and author name recommendations are highly relevant to the researchers topic and can easily be integrated for search in Digital Libraries. The average precision for top ranked recommendations is 0.749 for author names, 0.743 for search terms and 0.728 for journal names.
The relevance distribution differs largely across topics and researcher types. Practitioners seem to favor author name recommendations while postdocs have rated author name recommendations the lowest. In the experiment the small postdoc group favors journal name recommendations." (author's abstract)

We introduce two novel ways to capture the impact benefits two countries receive from collaborations.
For both indicators we compare the value of a specific collaboration with the value of average collaborations for each of the countries. As we restrict our analysis to only two-country collaborations and calculate the values for each scientific field individually, many of the problems
introduced by former attempts of collaboration indicators dissipate. Additional to a mean based indicator (Citation Benefit) we introduce an International Citation Share indicator that
measures the share of international citations on an item basis. By aggregating and correlating
these indicators we show that two different factors of collaboration return, highly cited publications and a general domestic/international bias, i.e. the tendency of a publication to be cited more in the originating country, can be measured exclusively by these two indicators. These
approaches open up the field to a new kind of deep analysis of scientific collaborations. (author's abstract)

"The author discusses in her chapter the EU which presents itself on the one hand, as a normative power and role model to other world regions, while on the other hand, it promotes norms such as gender equality in trade and aid policies. The author finds that the norm of gender equality collides with the neoliberal norms the EU incorporates in its trade regime. The contradictions and inconsistencies which result from this clash are prone to influence EU gender policies in region-to-region relations. By examining which consequences this has for the EU and the effectiveness of its policies, the author investigates the EU interregional relations with the Southern African Development Community (SADC)." (author's abstract)

Der Autor untersucht aus der Perspektive einer praxeologischen Wissenssoziologie und mittels der dokumentarischen Methode die Aneignung und Rezeption von Filmen. Anhand des Spielfilms "The Others (2001) entwickelt er verschiedene Typen der Rezeption durch Jugendliche. Er befasst sich vor allem mit dem Typus der "produktiven Aneignung", bei dem sich habituelle Orientierungen der Jugendlichen in wichtigen Komponenten verändern. In einem empirischen Forschungsprojekt wurden hierzu 14 Jugendliche im Alter von 18 bis 22 Jahren nicht nur zum genannten Film, sondern auch zu ihrem Umgang mit Filmen allgemein befragt. Den Film "The Others" haben die Jugendlichen zudem schriftlich nacherzählt, ergänzt um den persönlichen Eindruck und das eigene Urteil. Der Autor bezieht die Nacherzählungen und die Interviews bei der Auswertung jeweils aufeinander und analysiert sie mit Hilfe der dokumentarischen Methode. Seine Ergebnisse verdeutlichen, dass Filme einerseits als Ressource für Gruppeninteraktion und soziale Beziehungen und andererseits als Ressource zur Welterfahrung dienen. Die letztere wird z. B. wirksam, wenn die von einem Film inszenierte Realität von Jugendlichen mit ihrer Alltagspraxis und ihren eigenen Orientierungen verknüpft wird. Der Autor diskutiert ferner Konzepte zur Zuschaueraktivität, vor allem sozialkonstruktivistische Ansätze aus der kognitiven Filmpsychologie, der systemtheoretischen Rezeptionsforschung und den Cultural Studies. (ICI)

"Im Zuge der Auseinandersetzung um nachhaltigere Naturnutzungsformen werden Flusseinzugsgebiete als Einheiten eines integrierten Managements von Land- und Wasserressourcen auf europäischer und internationaler Ebene propagiert. Der Beitrag wendet Oran Young's institutionalistische Analyse von Umweltregimen auf das Flussgebiete an (institutional fit, scale and interplay, Young 2002), kombiniert mit Einsichten aus der STI-Forschung (science, technology, innovation) zur Kopplung zwischen Wissenschaft und anderen gesellschaftlichen Akteuren. Die empirische Analyse vergleicht 30 Flussgebietsinitiativen in 22 Ländern, die sich an dem UNESCO-Programm 'Hydrology, Life, Environment and Policy' (HELP) beteiligen, mit dem Ziel, die Kommunikation zwischen Wissenschaft, Politik, Verwaltung und Interessengruppen ('Stakeholder Dialogue') im Flussgebietsmanagement effektiver zu gestalten. Die Datengrundlage bilden Selbstdarstellungen in HELP-Anträgen und Websites und ca. 20 Interviews mit regionalen Experten. Die vorläufigen Ergebnisse zeigen, dass das Konzept des Flussgebietsmanagements international breit diffundiert ist, aber der Grad der Institutionalisierung nach Ländern noch große Unterschiede aufweist. Es wird eine Typologie der Flussgebietsinitiativen erstellt und darüber hinaus analysiert, wie das 'boundary-management' zwischen Wissenschaft, Politik und Stakeholdern gestärkt werden kann." (Autorenreferat)

The article deals with the analysis of theory, methodology, and measuring of political participation. The author comparatively scrutinized theoretical problems of genesis, functions, role, and prognosis for the future of this phenomenon in the sociological theory in order to reveal distinguishing characteristics in the existing approaches. Thorough analysis and summarizing of various conceptions relative to political participation, as well as empirical research are offered for the study of transitional society. The definition of political participation, its structure, motivation, main forms and factors, models of stratification in modern conceptions have been comparatively analyzed and systematized as a methodological basis of empirical research. The author elaborated and tested an original approach to the assessment of political participation based on the Guttman one-dimensional continuity scale. Using this approach, the author has calculated the index of political participation (IPP) and constructed four-dimensional model of the political participation stratification in accordance with survey data.

"The author shows how regional and emerging powers such as Brazil and Germany strive to exercise leadership in international negations. By looking at negations within the World Trade Organisation (WTO), the founding of the G20 and both countries bids for permanent seats in the UN Security Council, the author explores in this article the necessary conditions for regional powers to gain followership in the international community. In concentrating on followership as a core condition for success and failure of emerging and regional power's leadership in global governance, he succeeds in developing a thoughtful methodology that facilitates analysing the exercise of power by middle and great powers." (author's abstract)

The author of this article discusses characteristic features of changes in sociological knowledge according to its development under conditions of the present-day social transformations.

"Center of attention in the chapter is EU trade. According to the author, this is arguably the EU's most highly centralized policy domain. It is for this reason that EU trade represents a significant case study for characterizing the EU as a global actor. This chapter examines EU trade policy with regard to its objectives, instruments, style and decision-making procedures. A variety of examples, including the Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) negotiations with developing countries, will be emphasized. The author comes to the conclusion that, concerning trade policy, the EU's actions bear more resemble to a great power than a civilian or normative power." (author's abstract)

"The article starts with a general overview of the competing understandings of power in IR. The author argues that one can distinguish three power concepts: power-as-resources, relational and structural power. Combining the allegiance of middle powers and a relational understanding of power, the author proceeds and analyses Australia's allegiance as a case study in order to give an example for measuring a possible power shift between the United States and China. Whereas in economic terms Australia's relationship with China became muck more interdependent in the last decades, Canberra continues to strengthen its security ties with Washington, demonstrating the limited fungibility of power between power areas." (author's abstract)

"In this article the author tests whether the EU, which he defines as a trading power, has the ability to exert power and to influence the internal development (especially the promotion of democracy) of its trading partners from Africa, the Caribbean and the Pacific (ACP states) by using the access to its internal market as a bargaining chip. The author assesses the European Impact an trade relations operationalized as trade openness by using a two-stage least squares model (2SLS) with panel data covering the years from 1991 to 2008. Thereby he provides evidence that the EU has considerable success in linking trade issues with issues of democracy promotion in the ACP states." (author's abstract)

"The author presents a case study of efforts to enhance the quality of teaching and learning at Kassel University. The study resulted from an extended internship - an internship of at least eight weeks' duration was an obligatory part of the MAHE Program - and examines the potentials and limitations of improving the teaching- and learning-based profile of Kassel University. The theoretical and conceptual part of the contribution discusses institutional profile-building of German universities and what it means in terms of potentials and limitations to establish a profile based on teaching and learning rather than research, global competitiveness or a high position on ranking scales. In addition, the heterogeneous disciplinary cultures (of the university?) are taken into account. The author identifies three factors that influence the decision for a profile based on excellence in teaching and learning: resources, heterogeneity of disciplinary cultures, and level of research. The author concludes that young, middle-sized universities like Kassel are often under pressure to excel in all functions (teaching, research, services), but there being considerable limitations to do this, a careful decision is needed on the function to focus in order to establish a profile if at all." (excerpt)

"The author presents a case study of efforts to enhance the quality of teaching and learning at Kassel University. The study resulted from an extended internship - an internship of at least eight weeks' duration was an obligatory part of the MAHE Program - and examines the potentials and limitations of improving the teaching- and learning-based profile of Kassel University. The theoretical and conceptual part of the contribution discusses institutional profile-building of German universities and what it means in terms of potentials and limitations to establish a profile based on teaching and learning rather than research, global competitiveness or a high position on ranking scales. In addition, the heterogeneous disciplinary cultures (of the university?) are taken into account. The author identifies three factors that influence the decision for a profile based on excellence in teaching and learning: resources, heterogeneity of disciplinary cultures, and level of research. The author concludes that young, middle-sized universities like Kassel are often under pressure to excel in all functions (teaching, research, services), but there being considerable limitations to do this, a careful decision is needed on the function to focus in order to establish a profile if at all." (excerpt).