China and Africa, 20 Years Since the Forum on Africa–China Cooperation
In: Oxford Research Encyclopedia of International Studies
"China and Africa, 20 Years Since the Forum on Africa–China Cooperation" published on by Oxford University Press.
In: Oxford Research Encyclopedia of International Studies
"China and Africa, 20 Years Since the Forum on Africa–China Cooperation" published on by Oxford University Press.
In: Wer macht wen für Gesundheit (und Krankheit) verantwortlich? Beiträge zur Jahrestagung der Fachgruppe Gesundheitskommunikation 2022, S. 1-21
Ein wichtiges Ziel der Gesundheitskommunikation ist das Empowerment von Individuen durch die Bereitstellung von Information, sowie deren Beeinflussung von und Einbindung in Gesundheitsentscheidungen. Dabei wird das Empowerment-Konzept oft aus der individuellen Perspektive betrachtet. Diese Perspektive vernachlässigt aber die Multidimensionalität und Vielschichtigkeit des Konzepts, denn individuelles Empowerment stellt bspw. auch eine wichtige Voraussetzung für Gruppenempowerment oder kollektives Empowerment dar, da Einzelpersonen immer auch Mitglieder verschiedenster Gruppen sind. Dieser Aspekt soll daher im vorliegenden Beitrag vertiefend thematisiert werden. Dafür möchten wir die Ergebnisse einer systematischen Literaturrecherche von Studien aus den letzten 20 Jahren vorstellen, die sich mit dem Konzept von Empowerment im Bereich der Gesundheitskommunikation befassen. Die Ergebnisse unseres Reviews zeigen auf, dass einige allgemeinere Begriffsdefinitionen nach wie vor verwendet werden, jedoch auch eine Tendenz zu spezielleren Definitionen erkennbar ist. Brücken zu neueren Konzepten, wie health literacy oder digitalen Medien stellen noch nicht die Norm dar. Zudem wird auch der Zusammenhang zwischen individuellem und kollektiven Empowerment häufig vernachlässigt.
In: Medien und Ungleichheiten (Trans-)nationale Perspektiven auf Geschlecht, Diversität und Identität, S. 1-12
Geschlechtsspezifische Gewalt ist ein allgegenwärtiges Thema, wobei die Repräsentation in den Medien bedeutsam für oder gegen die Verbreitung von Diskriminierung gegenüber Betroffenen ist. Der Beitrag stellt eine Studie vor, bei der eine Medieninhaltsanalyse der acht Hauptsender des deutschen Fernsehens im Rahmen zwei künstlicher Wochen des Jahres 2020 während der Pre-Primetime und Primetime (18-22 Uhr) durchgeführt wurde. Von den 545 Sendungen ließen sich in gut einem Drittel geschlechtsspezifische Gewalthandlungen identifizieren. Diese werden zum Großteil explizit dargestellt oder ausführlich beschrieben. Zudem konnten diverse Leerstellen in Hinblick auf die Repräsentation Betroffener, Beratungsstellen und Hilfsangebote sowie Professioneller der Anti-Gewaltarbeit festgestellt werden. Die Ergebnisse der Studie unterstreichen die Notwendigkeit, das Thema ausführlich zu diskutieren und für eine differenzierte und aufklärende Repräsentation in den Medien zu sensibilisieren.
"Deutschland ist Innovationsland." So zumindest die knappe Fest-stellung des Koalitionsvertrags der neuen Regierung aus SPD, Bündnis 90/Die Grünen und FDP zu Beginn des Abschnitts "Innovation, Wissenschaft, Hochschule und Forschung". Die neue Regierungskoalition kommt dem Innovationsimparativ (Passoth & Rammert 2018)augenscheinlich nach. Die neuen Partner hatten bereits im Wahlkampf ein "Innovationsfreiheitsgesetz"1 gefordert oder auf die "Entfesselung der Innovationskraft der Sozialen Marktwirtschaft"2 gesetzt. Der neuen Regierung hatte auch die EFI Expertenkommission mit auf den Weg gegeben, sie müsse "einen kohärenten Politikansatz (verfolgen), der den gesamten Innovationsprozess – von der Grundlagenforschung bis zur Anwendung – in den Blick nimmt und dem sich alle Ressorts verpflichtet fühlen" (EFI 2021c: 31). Die Ampelkoalition hat am 24.11.2021 ihren Vertrag für die Zusammenarbeit für die 20. Legislaturperiode vorgelegt. Unter dem Titel "Mehr Fortschritt wagen" treffen die Koalitionspartner SPD, Bündnis 90/Die Grünen und FDP auf fast 180 Seiten Absprachen über Politikinhalte und die Ressortverteilung. Mit Blick auf Forschungs‐ und Innovationspolitik überrascht vielleicht zunächst, dass kein Digitalministerium entsteht. Vor allem bemerkenswert erscheint aber, dass der Bereich F&I deutlich die Handschrift der beiden Koalitionäre Bündnis 90/Die Grünen und FDP trägt. Deutlich wird dies in der Gründung einer Innovationsagentur DATI, die als Fusion der Vorschläge einer Deutschen Transfergesellschaft(FDP) und einer Transformationsagentur D.Innova (Bündnis 90/Die Grünen) zu sehen ist. Missionsorientierung in der Forschungspolitik wird ebenso adressiert wie Digitalisierung und ressortübergreifende Koordination. Im Folgenden wird der Koalitionsvertrag mit Blick auf F&I‐Politik dahingehend analysiert, ob er einem missionsorientierten, holistischen Ansatz von Innovation entspricht oder sich immer noch stark an Technologien orientiert und soziale Innovationen vernachlässigt. Nachdem der Start der neuen Regierung noch voll unter dem Eindruck der Corona‐Pandemie und außenpolitischen Spannungen in den Beziehungen zu Russland und China steht, werden die konkreten Inhalte der F&I‐Politik erst im weiteren Verlauf der Regierungszeit der Ampel‐Koalition zutage treten. Wie bedeutend diese Politikfelder allerdings sind, zeigen die Themen der Energieversorgung, des Ressourcenverbrauchs und der Ausgestaltung des Wissenschaftssystems, die auch die letzten Monate des Jahres 2021 und den Start 2022 prägen, auch wenn sie weniger mediale Präsenz haben. Von der neuen Regierung wird sicherlich eine integrierte und ressortübergreifende Politik in zentralen Politikfeldern gefordert sein. Das wiederum wird zeigen, welcher normativen Konsens jenseits des Bekenntnisses zu Fortschritt die Koalition trägt. Gerade die EU hat durch Missionsorientierung, SDGs oder den Green Deal auch normativ Rahmen gesetzt, die auch von Deutschland gefüllt und interpretiert werden müssen. Wie auzuführen sein wird, sind Koalitionsverträge keine einklagbaren Verträge. Sie geben aber fundierte Hinweise auf die Absicht zur Ausgestaltung von Politikfeldern, wie hier der Forschungs‐ und Innovationspolitik und der davon betroffenen Ressorts. Koalitionsverträge haben an Bedeutung in der jüngsten Vergangenheit zugenommen, weshalb hier der Vertrag der Fortschrittskoalition analysiert wird.
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In: https://hdl.handle.net/10605/360760
Bidal Aguero was born on July 23, 1949, and attended Texas Technological College (later Texas Tech University) in the fall of 1967. While there, he became active a Mexican American student organization called Los Tertullianos, becoming vice-president in 1970 and president in 1971. Los Tertullianos organized gatherings and seminars to encourage Mexican American students to be more politically active. Aguero graduated from Texas Tech in December 1972 with a B.A. in music education and after working for Learn-Education Talent Search for seven months, he helped found COMA (Commerciantes Organizacion Mexicano Americano), the Mexican-American Chamber of Commerce, in 1972. ; He joined La Raza Unida Party, ran for local offices such as county commissioner, and participated in organizing protests for injustices done against Mexican Americans. Aguero was one of those who filed a lawsuit against the Lubbock Independent School District to change its method of electing school trustees. Aguero has worked in several local social service organizations such as Defensa, Inc., Chicanos Unidos-Campensions, and Llano Estacado Farmworkers of Tejas and government groups such as the South Plains Association of Governments, the State of Texas, and the City of Lubbock. Aguero is currently publisher of one of the two weekly Spanish newspapers in Lubbock, El Editor. ; Aguero has worked in several local social service organizations such as Defensa, Inc., Chicanos Unidos-Campensions, and Llano Estacado Farmworkers of Tejas and government groups such as the South Plains Association of Governments, the State of Texas, and the City of Lubbock. Aguero is currently publisher of one of the two weekly Spanish newspapers in Lubbock, El Editor. ; Full biography can be found at http://www.lib.utexas.edu/taro/ttusw/00042/tsw-00042.html ; The collection consists of personal, financial and business records, civil rights and social service organizational materials, and government papers. ; Bidal Aguero Papers, 1949-1988 and undated, Southwest ...
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In: https://hdl.handle.net/10605/360908
Bidal Aguero was born on July 23, 1949, and attended Texas Technological College (later Texas Tech University) in the fall of 1967. While there, he became active a Mexican American student organization called Los Tertullianos, becoming vice-president in 1970 and president in 1971. Los Tertullianos organized gatherings and seminars to encourage Mexican American students to be more politically active. Aguero graduated from Texas Tech in December 1972 with a B.A. in music education and after working for Learn-Education Talent Search for seven months, he helped found COMA (Commerciantes Organizacion Mexicano Americano), the Mexican-American Chamber of Commerce, in 1972. ; He joined La Raza Unida Party, ran for local offices such as county commissioner, and participated in organizing protests for injustices done against Mexican Americans. Aguero was one of those who filed a lawsuit against the Lubbock Independent School District to change its method of electing school trustees. Aguero has worked in several local social service organizations such as Defensa, Inc., Chicanos Unidos-Campensions, and Llano Estacado Farmworkers of Tejas and government groups such as the South Plains Association of Governments, the State of Texas, and the City of Lubbock. Aguero is currently publisher of one of the two weekly Spanish newspapers in Lubbock, El Editor. ; Aguero has worked in several local social service organizations such as Defensa, Inc., Chicanos Unidos-Campensions, and Llano Estacado Farmworkers of Tejas and government groups such as the South Plains Association of Governments, the State of Texas, and the City of Lubbock. Aguero is currently publisher of one of the two weekly Spanish newspapers in Lubbock, El Editor. ; Full biography can be found at http://www.lib.utexas.edu/taro/ttusw/00042/tsw-00042.html ; The collection consists of personal, financial and business records, civil rights and social service organizational materials, and government papers. ; Bidal Aguero Papers, 1949-1988 and undated, Southwest ...
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The results of the 2016 general elections in South Korea were of surprise to most observers. Contrary to the expectation that the conservative ruling party, New Frontier Party (NFP), of President Park Geun Hye would again win the supermajority in parliament, it was in fact the main opposition party, the liberal Together Democratic Party (TDP), that won - beating the NFP by one seat, and in the process becoming the new majority party with 123 MPs in the 300 seat-strong national assembly. It is obvious that the voters did not suddenly favor the fairly incompetent TDP, but rather that the Korean people taught their government a lesson and showed through their voting their discontent with President Park's way of handling state affairs. In addition the very recently established Citizens' Party (CP), led by self-made IT businessman Ahn Cheol Soo, won 38 seats, and will nowform an independent negotiation group in the national chamber. The CP markets itself as a moderate and rational conservative party. Its success is the result of voters' discontent with the TDP's shift to the right due to the recruitment as party leader of Kim Chong In, who previously worked for several of the country's authoritarian governments; regionalistic sentiment in the Honam region also translated into altered voting behavior. However it remains to be seen, at least until the upcoming presidential election in 2017, whether this constellation of a divided government will indeed continue or not.
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Vor 20 Jahren wurde der Tierschutz als Staatsziel in das Grundgesetz aufgenommen und dem ethischen Tierschutz Verfassungsrang verliehen. Damit ist der Staat verpflichtet, dem hohen Stellenwert des Tierschutzes bei der Abwägung mit anderen Verfassungsgütern gerecht zu werden. Keynotes: Bewertung des Staatsziels Tierschutz: Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Anne Peters (Direktorin am Max-Planck-Institut für ausländisches öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht in Heidelberg) Prof. Dr. Dr. Michael Erhard (Leiter des Lehrstuhls für Tierschutz, Verhaltenskunde, Tierhygiene und Tierhaltung an der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität in München) Prof. Dr. Lars Schrader (Leiter des Instituts für Tierschutz und Tierhaltung des Friedrich-Loeffler-Instituts)
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This Case Study deals with the sharp increase in the prices of the onions between December of 2019, and January of the following year, 2020. The rise in the prices of onions made people stop consuming onions for a certain period of time. The purpose of this case study is to differentiate comparisons between the related agricultural markets and to provide insights into the magnitude of supply-demand causalities. Along with the recommendations to the government towards the short term and long term interventions in the Onion Prices.
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Perkembangan Islam modern di Amerika dapat dilacak dari akhir abad ke-20, dengan melihat tindakan masyarakat Amerika kelas tiga yang memperjuangkan Islam tidak hanya sebagai agama dakwah, tetapi sebagai gerakan organisasi resmi. Mereka yang notabene adalah budak imigran dari Afrika dan Timur Tengah tentu tidak mudah memperjuangkan Islam sebagai organisasi dan gerakan khususnya NOINation of Islam) sebagai organisasi Islam pertama mereka juga memiliki orientasi politik. Tulisan ini mencoba membedah dinamika komunitas Muslim kulit hitam yang terpinggirkan dalam perjuangannya untuk mendapatkan pengakuan dan keadilan bagi rakyat dan pemerintah Amerika Serikat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah metode deskriptif-analisis kepustakaan dengan berbagai sumber tulisan dan penelitian yang mendukung tema penulisan.Kata Kunci: Islam di Amerika, end of 20th century, Afro-America Muslim
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In the spring of 2002, the Public Broadcasting System in the United States aired a three-part, six-hour series entitled, "Commanding Heights: The Battle for the World Economy." These programs, which were based on the book of the same title by Daniel Yergin and Joseph Stanislaw, covered the debate over economic theories in the 20th century ("The Battle of Ideas"), the transition from state-dominated to market-oriented economies in the last two decades of this century ("The Agony of Reform"), and the various dimensions of the latest wave of globalization ("The New Rules of the Game"). This series is a reflection of what Gideon Rachman, the chief foreign affairs columnist for the Financial Times, has described as the Age of Optimism: a period of time from 1991 to 2008 that was characterized by a belief in the ongoing progress of markets, democracy, and technology around the world. In light of the major international events of the last 20 years – the financial crisis and global recession of the late 2000's, the rise of authoritarian and nationalist political movements around the world, and the COVID-19 pandemic –this presentation will examine the legacy of the optimistic vision that was presented in this series, including a treatment of the remnants that remain, as well as those which are unlikely to return in the near future.
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This review article addresses the question: What lessons can we learn from work published in International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics regarding the politics of multilateral environmental agreements? What are the implications of these lessons for those responsible for creating and administering these agreements? Based on an analysis of 147 articles published over the past 20 years, the article explores issues of institutional design, institutional politics, implementation, and effectiveness. It concludes that key conditions for success in this realm include: (a) developing a toolkit that is not limited to rules-based governance, (b) paying attention to matters of implementation, (c) bearing in mind the overall regime complex, (d) developing effective leadership based on credibility and accountability, and (e) allowing for institutional adaptation.
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Abstract: Invertebrates comprise the vast majority of fauna species, but are often overlooked in impact assessment and conservation response. The impacts of the 2019-20 Australian megafires on vertebrates have been well documented, and consequently substantial resourcing has been directed towards their recovery. Here, we attempt to document the extent of overlap of invertebrate species with these megafires. In doing so, we seek to demonstrate that it is possible and worthwhile to assess the impacts of a catastrophic event on a large number of poorly known species. ; The project was funded by the Australian Government's National Environmental Science Program, Threatened Species Recovery Hub.
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The 20th Century was a new phase of Dutch colonialism in Indonesia. The existence of colonialism in Indonesia brought impacts and changes in several aspects such as economic, politic, social, and culture. Some districts in Java run into a transition from a traditional society into a modern one. To muslims, the changes brought another impact. Muslim in some places in Java comonly thrive into a positive progress. It could be seen in the forming of Islamic organization, Islamic pers growth, and modernization of Islamic education. In Purwokerto, in the early 20th century, it grew and became one of the busiest cities in the district of Banyumas residency as well as one of the most important cities in the southern part of Central Java. That growth made a certain impact to Muslim community in Purwokerto. In the early 20th century, they were divided into 4 religious organizations thus are Serikat Islam, Muhammadiyah, Nahdlatul Ulama, dan Ahmadiyah. Besides, the growth of Muslim community in Purwokerto in this era was along with the growth of Christianity and Chatolic community which was introduced by Dutch Colony. Therefore, this research aims to find out had Muslim community in Purwokerto made progress as were in other common district in Java in that era or vice versa? and why?
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Conservation strategies are rarely systematically evaluated, which reduces transparency, hinders the cost-effective deployment of resources, and hides what works best in different contexts. Using data on the iconic and critically endangered orangutan (Pongo spp.), we developed a novel spatiotemporal framework for evaluating conservation investments. We show that around USD 1 billion was invested between 2000 and 2019 into orangutan conservation by governments, non-governmental organizations, companies and communities. Broken down by allocation to different conservation strategies, we find that habitat protection, patrolling and public outreach had the greatest return-on-investment for maintaining orangutan populations. Given variability in threats, land-use opportunity costs, and baseline remunerations in different regions, there were differential benefits-per-dollar invested across conservation activities and regions. We show that, while challenging from a data and analysis perspective, it is possible to fully understand the relationships between conservation investments and outcomes, and the external factors that influence these outcomes. Such analyses can provide improved guidance towards more effective biodiversity conservation. Insights into the spatiotemporal interplays between the costs and benefits driving effectiveness can inform decisions about the most suitable orangutan conservation strategies for halting population declines. While our study focuses on the three extant orangutan species of Sumatra and Borneo, our findings have broad application for evidence-based conservation science and practice worldwide.
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