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The R Companion to Elementary Applied Statistics includes traditional applications covered in elementary statistics courses as well as some additional methods that address questions that might arise during or after the application of commonly used methods. Beginning with basic tasks and computations with R, readers are then guided through ways to bring data into R, manipulate the data as needed, perform common statistical computations and elementary exploratory data analysis tasks, prepare customized graphics, and take advantage of R for a wide range of methods that find use in many elementary applications of statistics. Features: Requires no familiarity with R or programming to begin using this book. Can be used as a resource for a project-based elementary applied statistics course, or for researchers and professionals who wish to delve more deeply into R. Contains an extensive array of examples that illustrate ideas on various ways to use pre-packaged routines, as well as on developing individualized code. Presents quite a few methods that may be considered non-traditional, or advanced. Includes accompanying carefully documented script files that contain code for all examples presented, and more. R is a powerful and free product that is gaining popularity across the scientific community in both the professional and academic arenas. Statistical methods discussed in this book are used to introduce the fundamentals of using R functions and provide ideas for developing further skills in writing R code. These ideas are illustrated through an extensive collection of examples. About the Author: Christopher Hay-Jahans received his Doctor of Arts in mathematics from Idaho State University in 1999. After spending three years at University of South Dakota, he moved to Juneau, Alaska, in 2002 where he has taught a wide range of undergraduate courses at University of Alaska Southeast.

This title is endorsed by Cambridge Assessment International Education to support the full syllabus for examination from 2020. Reinforce learning and deepen understanding of the key concepts covered in the latest syllabus; an ideal course companion or homework book for use throughout the course. - Develop and strengthen skills and knowledge with a wealth of additional exercises that perfectly supplement the Student's Book. - Build confidence with extra practice for each lesson to ensure that a topic is thoroughly understood before moving on. - Build a strong understanding of the main events of the course and the confidence to know how to use this knowledge. - Keep track of students' work with ready-to-go write-in exercises. - Save time with all answers available in the Online Teacher's Guide

The series is designed to bring together those mathematicians who are seriously interested in getting new challenging stimuli from economic theories with those economists who are seeking effective mathematical tools for their research. A lot of economic problems can be formulated as constrained optimizations and equilibration of their solutions. Various mathematical theories have been supplying economists with indispensable machineries for these problems arising in economic theory. Conversely, mathematicians have been stimulated by various mathematical difficulties raised by economic theories.

Launched in 1991, the 'Asian Yearbook of International Law' is a major internationally-refereed yearbook dedicated to international legal issues as seen primarily from an Asian perspective. It is published under the auspices of the Foundation for the Development of International Law in Asia (DILA) in collaboration with DILA-Korea, the Secretariat of DILA, in South Korea. When it was launched, the Yearbook was the first publication of its kind, edited by a team of leading international law scholars from across Asia. It provides a forum for the publication of articles in the field of international law and other Asian international legal topics.0The objectives of the Yearbook are two-fold. First, to promote research, study and writing in the field of international law in Asia; and second, to provide an intellectual platform for the discussion and dissemination of Asian views and practices on contemporary international legal issues. 0Each volume of the Yearbook contains articles and shorter notes; a section on Asian state practice; an overview of the Asian states' participation in multilateral treaties and succinct analysis of recent international legal developments in Asia; a bibliography that provides information on books, articles, notes, and other materials dealing with international law in Asia; as well as book reviews

The Yearbook aims to promote research, studies and writings in the field of international law in Asia, as well as to provide an intellectual platform for the discussion and dissemination of Asian views and practices on contemporary international legal issues. Readership: All interested in International Law and Asian Law.

This thesis combines methods from sociology of literature and natural language processing to answer the questions: what is the relationship between author gender and the perceived literary quality of her work? And to what extent can textual qualities be ascribed to author gender? I first assess Dutch female authors' chances of gaining literary prestige. Even though female authors publish many literary works, they still have a harder time climbing the literary ladder. Results of the 2013 National Reader Survey mirror this skewness. Respondents were asked to supply ratings of literary quality, on a list of 401 recent, bestselling Dutch-language novels in several genres (the Riddle of Literary Quality corpus). Even within genre works by female authors' are judged to be of lesser quality, and 'feminine' novels are seen as the worst; formulaic detectives score better. Female author gender is not a conscious motivation, but analysis of respondents' motivations shows that instead, the text is associated with 'femaleness' - through genre, topics or style. Such associations lead to perception of lower literary quality. I then analyze the text of the novels themselves to examine to which extent such femaleness of text exists. First, computational analysis of the Riddle corpus indicates that author gender is too easily assumed to be the cause of text differences. Moreover, additional visualizations show that gender group differences are often caused by outliers. In the final chapters, I focus on a 'feminine' topic, attention to characters' physical appearance. I show that it is not exclusive to the genre of chick-lit, nor to female authors. In fact, male literary authors write most about physical appearance, in describing female love interests. This novel approach shows that female author gender is connected to the text differently than expected. By reading differently, literary quality can be judged separate from female author gender

"This study shows some generic characteristics from sports that are of relevance to
samhandling structures under risk. The findings are based on a case study of the
concept of "Total Football" and the Rosenborg Football Club (RBK) in Norway.
Football is a dynamic sport with several factors that come into play and where
flexible solutions are demanded. The case is also of relevance for organizations in
handling risk. RBK's samhandling is based on "Total Football" and flow theory. In
analyzing RBK, we also apply theories of improvisation. RBK created a platform
that gave both direction to choices and a clear playing pattern. This platform further
ensured that tasks could be executed at high speed and high intensity, described as
"flow". Flow contributed to both speed and precision in the playing pattern. It is
concluded that the following is relevant for other organizations: 1) Forming a deeper
understanding of samhandling and ensuring top management commitment; 2)
Creating, establishing and maintaining samhandling in a manner that suits the organization;
and 3) Minimal structures can be of great importance for organizations
in unforeseen and risky situations."

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- CONTENTS -- List of Figures and Tables -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Part One. Preparing the Foundation -- Chapter 1. Knowns and Unknowns -- Chapter 2. History and Theories -- Part Two. The Polarized Electorate -- Chapter 3. Ideology and Polarization -- Chapter 4. Issues and Polarization -- Chapter 5. Circumstantial Evidence -- Part Three. The Polarized Parties -- Chapter 6. Why Are the Parties More Polarized? -- Chapter 7. One-Sided Party Polarization? -- Chapter 8. Why Are the Parties Polarized at All? -- Chapter 9. Polarization and Democracy -- Afterword -- Appendix A. Five Ideological Series -- Appendix B. Regression Analyses of Ideological Orientations -- Notes -- References -- Index

From the New York Times bestselling author of Nudge and The World According to Star Wars, a revealing account of how today's Internet threatens democracy—and what can be done about itAs the Internet grows more sophisticated, it is creating new threats to democracy. Social media companies such as Facebook can sort us ever more efficiently into groups of the like-minded, creating echo chambers that amplify our views. It's no accident that on some occasions, people of different political views cannot even understand one another. It's also no surprise that terrorist groups have been able to exploit social media to deadly effect. Welcome to the age of #Republic.In this revealing book, New York Times bestselling author Cass Sunstein shows how today's Internet is driving political fragmentation, polarization, and even extremism--and what can be done about it. He proposes practical and legal changes to make the Internet friendlier to democratic deliberation, showing that #Republic need not be an ironic term. Rather, it can be a rallying cry for the kind of democracy that citizens of diverse societies need most

"[A] magnificent history of money and finance."--New York Times Book Review"Convincingly makes the case that finance is a change-maker of change-makers."--Financial TimesIn the aftermath of recent financial crises, it's easy to see finance as a wrecking ball: something that destroys fortunes and jobs, and undermines governments and banks. In Money Changes Everything, leading financial historian William Goetzmann argues the exact opposite—that the development of finance has made the growth of civilizations possible. Goetzmann explains that finance is a time machine, a technology that allows us to move value forward and backward through time; and that this innovation has changed the very way we think about and plan for the future. He shows how finance was present at key moments in history: driving the invention of writing in ancient Mesopotamia, spurring the classical civilizations of Greece and Rome to become great empires, determining the rise and fall of dynasties in imperial China, and underwriting the trade expeditions that led Europeans to the New World. He also demonstrates how the apparatus we associate with a modern economy—stock markets, lines of credit, complex financial products, and international trade—were repeatedly developed, forgotten, and reinvented over the course of human history.Exploring the critical role of finance over the millennia, and around the world, Goetzmann details how wondrous financial technologies and institutions—money, bonds, banks, corporations, and more—have helped urban centers to expand and cultures to flourish. And it's not done reshaping our lives, as Goetzmann considers the challenges we face in the future, such as how to use the power of finance to care for an aging and expanding population. Money Changes Everything presents a fascinating look into the way that finance has steered the course of history

Front cover -- Half-title page -- Artist's statement -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Dedication -- Table of contents -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction -- PART 1 -- Part 1A -- CHAPTER 1 -- CHAPTER 2 -- SNAPSHOTS & -- SOUNDWAVES 1 -- CHAPTER 3 -- SNAPSHOTS & -- SOUNDWAVES 2 -- SNAPSHOTS & -- SOUNDWAVES 3 -- CHAPTER 4 -- CHAPTER 5 -- Part 1B -- CHAPTER 6 -- SNAPSHOTS & -- SOUNDWAVES 4 -- CHAPTER 7 -- CHAPTER 8 -- SNAPSHOTS & -- SOUNDWAVES 5 -- SNAPSHOTS & -- SOUNDWAVES 6 -- CHAPTER 9 -- Part 1C -- CHAPTER 10 -- SNAPSHOTS & -- SOUNDWAVES 7 -- CHAPTER 11 -- SNAPSHOTS & -- SOUNDWAVES 8 -- PART 2 -- Part 2A -- CHAPTER 12 -- ACTIVIST ART 1 -- CHAPTER 13 -- CHAPTER 14 -- SNAPSHOTS & -- SOUNDWAVES 9 -- CHAPTER 15 -- Part 2B -- CHAPTER 16 -- CHAPTER 17 -- SNAPSHOTS & -- SOUNDWAVES 10 -- ACTIVIST ART 2 -- SNAPSHOTS & -- SOUNDWAVES 11 -- CHAPTER 18 -- ACTIVIST ART 3 -- Part 2C -- CHAPTER 19 -- SNAPSHOTS & -- SOUNDWAVES 12 -- SNAPSHOTS & -- SOUNDWAVES 13 -- CHAPTER 20 -- SNAPSHOTS & -- SOUNDWAVES 14 -- CHAPTER 21 -- SNAPSHOTS & -- SOUNDWAVES 15 -- CHAPTER 22 -- Part 2D -- CHAPTER 23 -- SNAPSHOTS & -- SOUNDWAVES 16 -- CHAPTER 24 -- SNAPSHOTS & -- SOUNDWAVES 17 -- SNAPSHOTS & -- SOUNDWAVES 18 -- CHAPTER 25 -- CHAPTER 26 -- PART 3 -- Part 3A -- CHAPTER 27 -- CHAPTER 28 -- ACTIVIST ART 4 -- SNAPSHOTS & -- SOUNDWAVES 19 -- CHAPTER 29 -- CHAPTER 30 -- SNAPSHOTS & -- SOUNDWAVES 20 -- Part 3B -- CHAPTER 31 -- ACTIVIST ART 5 -- CHAPTER 32 -- CHAPTER 33 -- SNAPSHOTS & -- SOUNDWAVES 21 -- ACTIVIST ART 6 -- CHAPTER 34 -- SNAPSHOTS & -- SOUNDWAVES 22 -- ACTIVIST ART 7 -- Part 3C -- CHAPTER 35 -- CHAPTER 36 -- CHAPTER 37 -- CHAPTER 38 -- CHAPTER 39 -- CHAPTER 40 -- PART 4 -- Part 4A -- SNAPSHOTS & -- SOUNDWAVES 23 -- SNAPSHOTS & -- SOUNDWAVES 24 -- SNAPSHOTS & -- SOUNDWAVES 25 -- CHAPTER 41.

Cover -- CONTENTS -- CONTEXT -- RECENT DEVELOPMENTS -- MACROECONOMIC OUTLOOK AND RISKS -- ARTICLE IV DISCUSSIONS: A NEW PATH FOR GROWTH AND DEBT SUSTAINABILITY -- A. Fostering Higher, More Inclusive, and Resilient Growth -- B. Preserving Debt Sustainability -- PROGRAM OBJECTIVES AND KEY ELEMENTS -- A. Sustaining Macroeconomic Stability -- B. Increasing Spending on Infrastructure and Social Development -- C. Tackling Governance Challenges -- D. Improving Financial Intermediation -- PROGRAM MODALITIES AND SAFEGUARDS -- STAFF APPRAISAL -- BOXES -- 1. Malawi's Gender Inequality-Breaking the Cycle -- 2. Building Resilience against Food Crisis -- 3. Governance -- FIGURES -- 1. Recent Economic Developments, 2012-17 -- 2. Recent Monetary Developments, 2011-17 -- 3. Fiscal Developments and Outlook, 2011-17 -- 4. Selected Financial Stability Indicators, 2011-17 -- TABLES -- 1. Selected Economic Indicators, 2016-23 -- 2a. Central Government Operations, 2016/17-22/23 (Billions of Kwacha) -- 2b. Central Government Operations, 2016/17-22/23 (Percent of GDP) -- 2c. Central Government Quarterly Operations in FY 17/18 and FY 18/19 -- 3a. Monetary Authorities' Survey, 2016-19 -- 3b. Monetary Survey, 2016-19 -- 4a. Balance of Payments, 2016-23 (Millions of USD) -- 4b. Balance of Payments, 2016-23 (Percent of GDP) -- 5. Selected Banking Soundness Indicators, 2012-17 -- 6. External Financing Requirement and Source, 2016-23 -- 7. Schedule of Disbursements under ECF Arrangement, 2018-21 -- 8. Indicators of Capacity to Repay the Fund, 2018-31 -- 9. Projected External Borrowing -- 10. Selected Indicators on the Millennium Development Goals -- 11. Quantitative Targets, 2018-19 -- 12. Prior Actions -- 13. Structural Benchmarks (2018) -- ANNEXES -- I. Ex Post Peer-Reviewed Assessment -- II. Implementation of 2015 Article IV Recommendations -- III. External Sector Assessment

Cover -- CONTENTS -- RECENT DEVELOPMENTS -- A. Performance Under the ECF Arrangement -- B. Recent Economic Developments -- PROGRAM OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES -- A. Objectives and Risks -- B. Medium-term Macroeconomic Framework and Objectives -- C. Near-term Challenges -- D. The Structural Reform Agenda -- PROGRAM MONITORING AND FINANCING -- STAFF APPRAISAL -- FIGURES -- 1. Real and External Sectors, 2011-18 -- 2. Monetary and Financial Indicators, 2011-18 -- TABLES -- 1. Selected Economic Indicators, 2015-22 -- 2a. Fiscal Operations of the Central Government, 2016-22 (Billions of leone) -- 2b. Fiscal Operations of the Central Government, 2016-22 (Percent of non-iron ore GDP) -- 2c. Fiscal Operations of the Central Government on a Quarterly Basis, 2018-19 -- 3. Monetary Accounts, 2016-19 -- 4. Balance of Payments, 2016-22 -- 5. Indicators of Capacity to Repay the Fund, 2018-32 -- 6. Actual and Proposed Disbursement Under the ECF Arrangement, 2018-22 -- 7. Financial Soundness Indicators of the Banking System, 2012-18 -- 8. External Financing Requirements and Sources, 2015-19 -- 9. Quantitative Performance Criteria and Indicative Targets, 2018-19 -- 10. Prior Actions and Structural Benchmarks -- ANNEX -- I. External Sector Assessment -- APPENDIX -- I. Letter of Intent -- Attachment I. Memorandum of Economic and Financial Policies -- Attachment II. Technical Memorandum of Understanding