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"The widespread view that risk is highly relevant in late modern societies has also meant that the very study of risk has become central in many areas of social studies. The key aim of this book is to establish Risk Discourse as a field of research of its own in language studies. Risk Discourse is introduced as a field that not only targets elements of risk, safety and security, but crucially requires aspects of responsibility for in-depth analysis. Providing a rich illustration of ways in which risk and responsibility can serve as analytical tools, the volume brings together scholars from different disciplines within the study of language. An Introduction and an Epilogue highlight the intricate relationship between risk and responsibility. Part 1 deals with expert and lay perspectives on risk; Part 2 with emerging genres for risk discourse; Part 3 with risk and technology and Part 4 with ways of managing risk. The topics covered-such as COVID-19, nuclear energy, machine translation, terrorism-are socially pertinent and timely"--

The IPrA Handbook of Pragmatics provides easy access to the different topics, traditions and methods which together make up the field of Pragmatics, broadly conceived as the cognitive, social and cultural study of language and communication, i.e. the science of language use. Also available as Online Resource:https://benjamins.com/online/hop.

"The Manual section of the Handbook of Pragmatics, produced under the auspices of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA), is a collection of articles describing traditions, methods, and notational systems relevant to the field of linguistic pragmatics; the main body of the Handbook contains all topical articles. The first edition of the Manual was published in 1995. This second edition includes a large number of new traditions and methods articles from the 24 annual installments of the Handbook that have been published so far. It also includes revised versions of some of the entries in the first edition. In addition, a cumulative index provides cross-references to related topical entries in the annual installments of the Handbook and the Handbook of Pragmatics Online (at https://benjamins.com/online/hop/), which continues to be updated and expanded. This second edition of the Manual is intended to facilitate access to the most comprehensive resource available today for any scholar interested in pragmatics as defined by the International Pragmatics Association: "the science of language use, in its widest interdisciplinary sense as a functional (i.e. cognitive, social, and cultural) perspective on language and communication.""--

Intro -- Handbook of Pragmatics. 22nd Annual Installment -- Editorial page -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Table of contents -- Editors' note -- Acknowledgments -- User's guide -- Introduction -- The handbook format -- About the cumulative index -- Gesture research -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The attraction of gestures -- 3. Contemporary research on gesture -- 4. Gestures' environments -- 5. Indexical gesture -- 6. Depiction -- 7. Conceptual action -- 8. Gesturing the search for a word: Two perspectives -- 9. Pragmatics -- 10. The view from cognitive linguistics -- 11. An anthropological perspective on gesture -- References -- Social media research -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Social media and Web 2.0 -- 3. Looking back -- 4. Complicating context -- 5. The situatedness of online interactions: Users, blended data and mixed methods -- 6. Looking forward -- References -- Translanguaging Pedagogy -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Background -- 3. Strong versions of translanguaging -- 4. Response to strong versions of translanguaging -- 5. Emerging issues in translingually informed pedagogies -- References -- Code-switching and translanguaging -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Code-switching -- 2.1 Code-switching: A historical contextualization -- 2.2 Code-switching in action -- 2.3 Implications for bilingual creativity and code-autonomy -- 3. Translanguaging -- 3.1 Translanguaging and the paradigm trap -- 4. Conclusions -- References -- Event representation -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The development of event representation -- 3. Event representation and linguistics -- 4. Event representation and event construal -- 5. Conclusion -- References -- Evidentiality -- 1. Preliminaries -- 2. Modality and evidentiality -- 3. Information sources -- 4. Engagement, epistemic authority and right to know -- 5. Non-evidential uses of evidentials -- 6. Acquisition of evidentials.

Intro -- Handbook of Pragmatics. 21st Annual Installment -- Editorial page -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Table of contents -- Editors' note -- Acknowledgments -- User's guide -- Introduction -- The handbook format -- About the cumulative index -- Language psychology -- 1. Overview -- 2. History -- 3. Language psychology, psycholinguistics and related perspectives -- 4. Micro sociology: Ethnomethodology and conversation analysis -- 5. The macro in the micro: Discourse, conversational inference and ­linguistic indexicality -- 6. Perception of mental states in (inter)action -- 6.1 Social cognition perspectives -- 6.2 Studying mentalizing processes in situ -- References -- Linear Unit Grammar -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Chunking ongoing speech -- 3. Perception of boundaries -- 4. Types of chunks -- 4.1 Types of "O" elements -- 4.2 Types of "M" elements -- 5. Linear units of meaning -- 6. Conclusion -- Primary data -- References -- Truth-conditional pragmatics -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Gricean pragmatics and truth-conditional meaning -- 3. Neo-Gricean pragmatics and the division of linguistic labour -- 3.1 Horn's Q and R principles -- 3.1.1 The division of linguistic labour -- 3.1.2 What is communicated -- 3.2 Levinson's heuristics -- 3.2.1 Grice's circle and its solution -- 3.2.2 Counter-examples -- 4. Post-Gricean pragmatics, implicature and explicature -- 4.1 The domain of explicature -- 4.2 The limits of implicatures -- 4.3 The relation between semantics and pragmatics -- 4.3.1 Lexical meaning and pragmatics -- 4.3.2 Procedural meaning -- 4.3.3 Synthesis -- 5. Truth-conditional pragmatics -- 6. Conclusion: The semantics-pragmatics interface revisited -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Benedict Anderson's imagined communities -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Benedict Anderson's message -- 3. Language and identity -- 4. States need languages

This encyclopaedia of one of the major fields of language studies is a continuously updated source of state-of-the-art information for anyone interested in language use. The IPrA 'Handbook of Pragmatics' provides easy access - for scholars with widely divergent backgrounds but with convergent interests in the use and functioning of language - to the different topics, traditions and methods which together make up the field of Pragmatics, broadly conceived as the cognitive, social and cultural study of language and communication, i.e. the science of language use. 0The 'Handbook of Pragmatics' is a reference work for researchers, which has been expanded and updated continuously with annual installments since 1995

The ten volumes of Handbook of Pragmatics Highlights focus on the most salient topics in the field of pragmatics, thus dividing its wide interdisciplinary spectrum in a transparent and manageable way. While the other volumes select specific philosophical, cognitive, grammatical, social, cultural, variational, interactional, or discursive angles, this first volume reviews basic notions that pervade the pragmatic literature, such as deixis, implicitness, speech acts, context, and the like. It situates the field of pragmatics, broadly defined as the cognitive, social, and cultural science of lang

The ten volumes of Handbook of Pragmatics Highlights focus on the most salient topics in the field of pragmatics, thus dividing its wide interdisciplinary spectrum in a transparent and manageable way. While the other volumes select specific cognitive, grammatical, social, cultural, variational, interactional, or discursive angles, this 10th volume focuses on the interface between pragmatics and philosophy and reviews the philosophical background from which pragmatics has taken inspiration and with which it is constantly confronted. It provides the reader with information about authors relevant to the development of pragmatics, trends or areas in philosophy that are relevant for the definition of the main concepts in pragmatics or the characterization of its cultural context, the neighbouring field of semantics (with particular respect to truth-conditional semantics and some main branches of formal semantics), and recent philosophical debates that involve pragmatic notions such as indexicality and context. While most of the references are to the analytic philosophical field, also perspectives in so-called continental philosophy are taken into account. The introductory chapter outlines some unifying routes of reflection as regards meaning, speech as action, and self and mind, and suggests some connections between doing pragmatics and doing philosophy.

The ten volumes of Handbook of Pragmatics Highlights focus on the most salient topics in the field of pragmatics, thus dividing its wide interdisciplinary spectrum in a transparent and manageable way. While the other volumes select specific philosophical, cognitive, grammatical, cultural, variational, interactional, or discursive angles, this seventh volume underlines the mutually constitutive relation between society and language use. It highlights a number of the most prominent approaches of this relation and it draws attention to a selected number of topics that the study of language in its

The ten volumes of Handbook of Pragmatics Highlights focus on the most salient topics in the field of pragmatics, thus dividing its wide interdisciplinary spectrum in a transparent and manageable way. While the other volumes select specific philosophical, cognitive, grammatical, social, cultural, variational, or discursive angles, this fourth volume is dedicated to the empirical investigation of the way human beings organize their interaction in natural environments and how they use talk for accomplishing actions and their contexts. Starting from Goffman's observation that interaction exhibits

The ten volumes of Handbook of Pragmatics Highlights focus on the most salient topics in the field of pragmatics, thus dividing its wide interdisciplinary spectrum in a transparent and manageable way. While other volumes select philosophical, cognitive, cultural, social, variational, interactional, or discursive points of view, this fifth volume looks at the field of linguistic pragmatics from a primarily grammatical angle. That is, it asks in which particular sense a variety of older and more recent functional (rather than generative) models of grammar relate to the study of language in use: how this affects their general outlook on language structure, whether issues of language use inform the very makeup of these models or are merely included as possible research themes, and how far the actual integration of pragmatics ultimately goes (is it a module/layer or is the model truly "usage-based"?). Each of the authors presenting these models has taken systematic care to highlight the relevant problems and focus on the implications of considering pragmatic phenomena from the point of view of grammar. Furthermore, a limited number of chapters deal with traditional topics in the grammatical literature, and specifically those which are called pragmatic because they either are not strictly concerned with truth (semantics), or receive their (truth) value only from an interaction with context. In the introduction, these theories and topics are set up against the historical background of a gradually changing attitude, on the part of grammarians, towards questions of linguistic knowledge and behavior, and the role of learning in their relationship.

The ten volumes of Handbook of Pragmatics Highlights focus on the most salient topics in the field of pragmatics, thus dividing its wide interdisciplinary spectrum in a transparent and manageable way. While other volumes select philosophical, cognitive, grammatical, social, variational, interactional, or discursive angles, this second volume reviews basic topics and traditions that place language use in its cultural context. As emphasized in the introduction, and as revealed in the choice of articles, 'culture' is by no means to be seen as standing in opposition to society and cognition; on the contrary, the notion cannot be understood without insight into the intricate interactions of social and cognitive structures and processes. In addition to the topical articles, a number of contributions to this volume is devoted to aspects of methodology. Others highlight the role of eminent scholars who have made the study of cultural dimensions of language use into what it is today.

Denne bog indeholder alt, hvad et universitet har brug for for at påbegynde arbejdet med at udforme, praktisere og revidere en sprogpolitik, der tager udgangspunkt i brugen af engelsk sammen med (parallelt med) brugen af ét eller flere nordiske sprog. Bogen sammentænker de udfordringer internationalisering af universiteter, forskning og universitetsuddannelser stiller, med ønsket om at fastholde og videreudvikle kvalitet baseret på de lokale nordiske sprog. Bogen er opdelt i tre lag: Først kan man læse den superkorte version af de 11 anbefalinger til mønsterpraksis, som bogen indeholder. Derefter kan man læse en udfoldet version af selve anbefalingerne, og endelig kan man læse udførlige begrundelser for hver enkelt af dem. Til slut finder man forslag til læsning udvalgt inden for den enorme litteratur på området. Bogen er resultatet af arbejdet i et internordisk projekt støttet af Nordisk Ministerråd og Nordisk Sprogkoordination.

Language policy has been a hot topic at the Nordic universities. This is due primarily to the use of English has spread to virtually all areas, and that in itself calls for conscious and informed decision. In this book you can find materials to plan, implement, evaluate and modify a university's language policy, particularly when to use the language and the impact it can have. The book is written in three Nordic languages ​​Danish, Swedish and Norwegian. It can thus be read by anyone in the North. The main core of the book is the so-called country reports where conditions in the five Nordic states highlighted as thoroughly as the available data permit. All country reports relate to the four focal points: formulated language policies, language in publications, language choice in education and internationalization of these in the form of students (and employees) from countries other than the Nordic. But in addition there is a general language policy initiated and a review of what conditions you have to take into account when choosing the language of instruction.