Suchergebnisse

Ever since I have been involved in higher education, I have noticed a consistent cyclical
pattern in state funding of higher education. Would that this were the pattern of the
future! Although funding has historically been cyclical, since the 1970s the proportion of a
state's budget dedicated to higher education has shown a steadily declining trend, from 9.8%
in 1980 to 7% last year (Schmidt 2004). We are witness to a
changing pattern in the relationship between the states and higher education. Higher
education is increasingly viewed as a private rather than a public good, and this evolving
perception will substantially impact both public and independent institutions. Tuition will
become more comparable and competitive.

From Ebenezer Howard's turn-of-the-century concept of garden cities 'new towns' have evolved. The growth of new towns is not a fad. The first British new town, founded by Howard and planned by architects Raymond Unwin and Barry Parker in 1903, was Letchworth. There has been a steady increase in the establishment of new towns in several countries since, and proposals for many more in the future. In Britain, twenty-nine towns were designated between November 1946 and July 1973. The final projected populations of the New Towns range from 13,000 in Mid-Wales to 420,000 in Central Lancashire New Town. Most have final projected populations in the 60,000–120,000 range. In the United States, the National Commission on Urban Growth, composed of U.S. Senators, Representatives, Governors, Mayors and County Commissioners, proposed that at least 110 new American cities be developed, with the aid of federal funding. And at a recent meeting of the International Association of Housing Science representatives of the Association's forty member countries were told that worldwide housing demands in the next thirty years will require the creation of 3,500 new cities.

A study is presented of political instability as manifest by citizen disaffection. Two theoretical frameworks are adopted: (1) relative deprivation often occasions frustrations & subsequently, politically directed violence, & (2) symbolic gratification, is also sought from political systems, the provision of which is important to political satisfaction. Two hypotheses are generated from these perspectives: substantive deprivation will increase disaffection, & symbolic satisfaction produced by states will decrease disaffection. Data were drawn for all fifty states from 1962 to 1968. Variables included: SE information, substantively satisfying policies, symbolic output, participation, & disaffection. Political conditions are significantly related to such tangible conditions as SE variables, although not as strongly. 1 Table. C. Grindle.