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In 1988 the Iraqi regime launched the Anfal campaigns against the Kurdish peshmerga and their civil supporters in the rural areas. This article investigates narrations about Anfal constructed by peshmerga ten years after the events. It compares the memoirs of a leading commander published in Kurdistan with the biographical interview of a lower-ranking peshmerga conducted by myself for "Western" academic purpose. In so doing, the article highlights differences in dealing with the experience of defeat and harmed masculinity, which result from the situatedness of memory production. Left a vague topic in the 1990s, Anfal has become broadly discussed since the destruction of the former regime in 2003. By means of scientific concepts, academics and non-academics, among them former peshmerga, explain Anfal as an inescapable genocide that aimed to destroy the Kurds, suggesting that there is no need to remember defeat and harmed masculinity.

Andrea Fischer-Tahir (PhD) is an anthropologist with regional focus on the Middle East and Kurdistan. Sophie Wagenhofer (PhD) is a historian specialized in entangled history with a focus on Europe and North Africa.

With contributions by Andrea Fischer-Tahir, Matthias Naumann, Eren Düzgün, Benjamin Zachariah, Thilo Lang, Tim Leibert, Alexandru Banica, Marinela Istrate, Daniel Tudora, Anja Reichert-Schick, Sabine Beisswenger, Thomas Bürk, Dolarice Sátyro Maia, Arian Mahzouni, Antía Mato Bouzas.

Wie auch andere Weltregionen wird der "Nahe Osten und Nordafrika" oftmals als eindeutig definierter, geschlossener und weitgehend homogener Raum betrachtet. Jedoch handelt es sich hier ebenfalls um eine Region, die ständigen Rekonfigurationen unterliegt und für die zudem eine Reihe von Bezeichnungen besteht. Zugleich entfalten sich wirtschaftliche, kulturelle, soziale und politische Verflechtungen und Austauschprozesse oftmals in völlig anderen regionalen Zusammenhängen, beispielsweise über den Indischen Ozean, die Sahara oder den Kaukasus hinweg, die quer zu verfestigten Raumvorstellungen liegen. Der Band wirbt für einen transregionalen Blick auf die Zirkulation von Gütern, Ideen und Menschen, ohne sich von etablierten Meta-Geographien begrenzen zu lassen. Damit positioniert er sich in kritischen Debatten um Raumproduktion und Area Studies und führt Forschung zusammen, die üblicherweise durch regional und disziplinär sortierte akademische Wissensproduktion getrennt ist.Mit Beiträgen vonDaniel C. Bach, Saïd Belguidoum, Katrin Bromber, Claudia Derichs, Andreas Eckl , Andrea Fischer-Tahir, Britta Frede, Ulrike Freitag, Albrecht Fuess, Dieter Haller, Jens Heibach, Béatrice von Hirschhausen, Tobias Koepf, Markus Koller, Laurence Marfaing, Matthias Middell, Amin Moghadam, Friederike Pannewick, Olivier Pliez, Dietrich Reetz, Florian Riedler, Heiko Schuß, Sarah Ruth Sippel, Katrin Sold, Julia Verne, Steffen Wippel.

Frontmatter -- Acknowledgements -- Table of Contents -- Introduction: About Space as a Media Product -- Part I Cartographies -- 1. Mapping Empire: Knowledge Production and Government in the Nineteenth-Century Ottoman Empire -- 2. Who Maps Middle Eastern Geographies in the Digital Age? Inequalities in Web 2.0 Cartographies in Israel/Palestine -- 3. Taking the Battle to Cyberspace : Delineating Borders and Mapping Identities in Western Sahara -- 4. Wargaming the Middle East: The Evolution of Simulated Battlefields from Chequerboards to Virtual Worlds and Instrumented Artificial Cities -- Part II Movements -- 5. Iranian Internet Cinema, a Cinema of Embodied Protest : Imperfect, Amateur, Small, Unauthorized, Global -- 6. From Amateur Video to New Documentary Formats : Citizen Journalism and a Reconfiguring of Historical Knowledge -- 7. Cinematic Spaces of 'the Arab Street' : Mohamed Diab's Inverted Road Movie Clash (2016) -- 8. Body-Space-Relation in Parkour : Street Practices and Visual Representations -- 9. Mediated Narratives of Syrian Refugees : Mapping Victim-Threat Correlations in Turkish Newspapers -- Part III Agencies -- 10. Documenting Social Change and Political Unrest through Mobile Spaces and Locative Media -- 11. Reframing the Arab Spring : On Data Mining and the Field of Arab Internet Studies -- 12. Where is Iran? Politics between State and Nation , Inside and Outside the Polity -- 13. Mapping Genocide? Giving Visual Memory to Oral Culture -- 14. Reconfiguring the Kurdish Nation on YouTube : Spatial Imaginations, Revolutionary Lyrics, and Colonial Knowledge -- Index