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AbstractThe numerous surviving loan documents from the Ur III period illustrate the vital role that credit played in the early Mesopotamian economy. The availability of credit was critical at every level of society. In this article, the form and function of credit in the Ur III period are described, along with lending practices and the activities of individual creditors. Despite the overwhelming scale of the institutional economies, there was significant room for non-institutional households to pursue economic gains through money-lending. This entrepreneurial activity took place in an economy that was familiar with a sophisticated range of possible credit transactions. Les nombreux documents de prêt qui survivent de l'époque de la Troisième Dynastie d'Ur illustrent le rôle essentiel que le crédit joue dans l'économie mésopotamienne archaïque. À chaque niveau de la société disposer de crédit était d'une importance essentielle. Cette contribution décrit les forme et fonction du crédit à la période d'Ur III, les pratiques de prêt et les activités des créanciers. En dépit de la grande taille des économies institutionnelles, il existait un secteur important où des maisons non-institutionelles pouvaient faire des gains en prêtant à intérêt. Cette activité d'entrepreneur s'exerçait dans une économie qui possédait une gamme sophistiquée de transactions de crédit.

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Preface: Law and (Dis)Order in Ghent (and the Ancient Near East) -- Abbreviations -- Program -- Chapter 1. Foreseeing the Future, Classifying the Present: On the Concepts of Law and Order in the Omen Literature -- Chapter 2. Le vol à l'époque paléo- babylonienne : L'application de la loi à travers la jurisprudence -- Chapter 3. "Let the Sleeping Dogs Lie" or the Taboo (NÍG.GIG=ikkibu) of the Sacredness of Sleep as Order and Noise at Night ("tapage nocturne") as Disorder in Some Ancient Near Eastern Texts -- Chapter 4. Lorsque les généraux prêtent serment ... : Quelques remarques sur l'usage du serment de loyauté (depuis la documentation d'Ur III jusqu'à l'époque néo- assyrienne) -- Chapter 5. Unjust Law: Royal Rhetoric or Social Reality? -- Chapter 6. The Vocabulary of Rebellion in Neo-Assyrian Documents -- Chapter 7. Legal Fiction in Emar and Ekalte: A Source of Order or Disorder in the Legal System? -- Chapter 8. What the "Man of One Mina" Wanted: Law and Commerce in the Ur III Period -- Chapter 9. How Ancient Near Eastern Societies Regulated Life in the Community: Crucial Clues from Archaeology -- Chapter 10. A Variationist Approach to Orthographic and Phonological Peculiarities of the Language in the Laws of Hammurabi -- Chapter 11. "For Each Runaway Assyrian Fugitive, Let Me Replace Him One Hundred- Fold": Fugitives/ Runaways in the Neo-Assyrian Empire -- Chapter 12. Perfections of Justice? Measure for Measure Aspirations in Biblical and Cuneiform Sources -- Chapter 13. Putting Some Order in Ur III Letter- Orders -- Chapter 14. Luminous Oils and Waters of Wisdom: Shedding New Light on Oil Divination -- Chapter 15. (Mis)Translating Gender: The Scribes Couldn't Have Been Competent, They Didn't Go to Yale -- Chapter 16. Rétablir l'ordre par la mort dans les textes législatifs du début du IIe millénaire av. J.-C. -- Chapter 17. To Be Guilty at Nuzi -- Chapter 18. Fremde Götter—eigene Götter: Zu den neuassyrischen Götterbeschreibungen -- Chapter 19. "Not Even Her Own Jewelry": Marital Property in the Middle Assyrian Laws -- Chapter 20. Disorder and Its Agents: The Akkadian Epic of Anzû Revisited -- Chapter 21. When the Trial Does Not Work: Pathological Elements in the Judicial Procedure in the Old Babylonian Period -- Chapter 22. The Ashurbanipal Library Project at the British Museum -- Chapter 23. The Sea and Monarchic Legitimation in the Ancient Near East -- Chapter 24. Putting Life in Order: The Architecture of the New Excavations in Kamid el-Loz, Lebanon -- Chapter 25. Enmity Against Samsu-ditāna -- Contributors