Suchergebnisse

Twenty-five years ago, in this Journal, Hilary Charlesworth, Christine Chinkin, and Shelley Wright argued that the structures of international law "privilege men." As shown in Table 1, which summarizes data from a forthcoming article, on nine of twelve international courts of varied size, subject-matter jurisdiction, and global and regional membership, women made up 20 percent or less of the bench in mid 2015. On many of these courts, the percentage of women on the bench has stayed constant, vacillated, or even declined over time. Women made up a lower percentage of the bench in mid 2015 than in previous years on two-thirds of the courts surveyed.

On November 19, 2012, the International Court of Justice rendered its
judgment in a dispute involving territorial and maritime claims raised by
Nicaragua against Colombia in the Caribbean Sea. The Court considered Nicaragua's
requests for a declaration of Nicaraguan sovereignty over seven disputed maritime
features and delimitation of a single maritime boundary between the continental
shelves and exclusive economic zones appertaining to Nicaragua and Colombia. The
Court awarded all disputed territory to Colombia and delimited the maritime
boundary between the states' continental shelves and exclusive economic zones by
using a novel mix of weighted base points, geodetic lines, parallels of latitude,
and enclaving.

One of the most noted developments in international law over the past twenty years is the proliferation of international courts and tribunals. They decide who has the right to exploit natural resources, define the scope of human rights, delimit international boundaries and determine when the use of force is prohibited. As the number and influence of international courts grow, so too do challenges to their legitimacy. This volume provides new interdisciplinary insights into international courts' legitimacy: what drives and undermines the legitimacy of these bodies? How do drivers change depending on the court concerned? What is the link between legitimacy, democracy, effectiveness and justice? Top international experts analyse legitimacy for specific international courts, as well as the links between legitimacy and cross-cutting themes. Failure to understand and respond to legitimacy concerns can endanger both the courts and the law they interpret and apply.

Introduction : challenging gender universalism and unveiling the silenced narratives of the African woman judge / Josephine Jarpa Dawuni -- Women judges in international courts and tribunals : the quest for equal opportunities: extraordinary chambers in the courts of Cambodia / Florence Ndepele Mwachande Mumba -- Julia Sebutinde : an unbreakable cloth / Nienke Grossman -- Akua Kuenyehia : leaving a mark along the journey for human rights / Josephine Jarpa Dawuni -- Fatoumata Dembélé Diarra: trajectory of a Malian magistrate and civil society advocate to the International Criminal Court / Sara Dezalay -- Sophia Akuffo : balancing the equities / Kuukuwa Andam and Sena Dei-Tutu -- Justina Kelello Mafoso-Guni : the gendering of judicial appointment processes in African courts / Rachel Ellett -- Elsie Nwanwuri Thompson : the trajectory of a noble passion / Rebecca Emiene Badejogbin -- Conclusion: international courts and the African woman judge : unlocking doors, leaving a legacy / Josephine Jarpa Dawuni and Akua Kuenyehia.