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Improving future electronic system performance can only be achieved by exploiting parallelism on all system levels. Multicore architectures offer a better performance/Watt ratio than single core architectures with similar performance. Combining multicore and coprocessor technology promises extreme computing power for highly CPU-time-consuming applications. FPGA-based accelerators not only offer the opportunity to speed up an application by implementing their compute-intensive kernels into hardware, but also to adapt to the dynamical behavior of an application. This book describes strategies for future system design in multiprocessor system-on-chip (MPSoC) architectures. Both hardware design and integration of new development tools are discussed. Novel trends in MPSoC design, combined with reconfigurable architectures are a main topic of concern. The main emphasis is on architectures, design-flow, tool-development, applications and system design. This book deals with key issues such as on-chip communication architectures, integration of reconfigurable hardware, and physical design of multiprocessor systems.-Provides a state-of-the-art overview of system design using MPSoC architectures; -Describes current trends in on-chip communication architectures; -Offers extensive coverage of system design integrating MPSoC architectures with reconfigurable hardware; -Includes coverage of challenges in physical design for multi- and manycore hardware architectures.

AbstractIn this article, we introduce an innovative theoretical framework to analyse the use of differentiated implementation in the implementation process of European Union (EU) Directives. We identify rationales for offering flexibility in EU Directives as well as motives for policy‐makers to make use of the discretion. We analyse patterns and drivers of differentiated implementation under the Energy Efficiency Directive (EED) in four member states in order to assess whether practices of differentiated implementation conform to the rationales for offering flexibility. We show that member states mainly use the flexibility offered to retain existing policies. In addition, the EED led to some mutual learning based on experimentation, although this effect is limited. Whilst the EED offered a high potential for mutual learning, the member states did not use this opportunity. Overall, the implementation of the EED offers mixed evidence for the use of differentiated implementation to support differentiation.

This report concerns the Directive on combating the sexual abuse and sexual exploitation of children and child pornography (SAD). It assesses the room for flexible implementation it provides and the way in which EU Member States have made use of this. The sample of Member States includes Czech Republic, Germany, Ireland and the Netherlands. The Directive includes various ways to allow for flexible implementation. The directive establishes thresholds for the maximum terms of imprisonment that the Member States should include in their laws (minimum harmonization). The directive equally contains provisions with elaboration discretion for the Member States, allowing them to further flesh out the content of these provisions in national law. This is especially the case with regard to the provisions on prevention and protection of victims. The directive further contains open-worded and non-defined terms which also allow for differentiated implementation. Our analysis demonstrates that implementation legislation varies quite substantially across the Member States. Frequently, the national implementation strategy has been informed by the wish not to unnecessarily change existing laws. From an input legitimacy perspective this may be criticised, but also be understood from the particular nature of criminal law and legislation. This report has not identified major implementation problems, but especially the open worded provisions may create legal uncertainties.

International audience ; The FlexTiles Platform has been developed within a Seventh Framework Programme project which is co-funded by the European Union with ten participants of five countries. It aims to create a self-adaptive heterogeneous many-core architecture which is able to dynamically manage load balancing, power consumption and faulty modules. Its focus is to make the architecture efficient and to keep programming effort low. Therefore, the concept contains a dedicated automated tool-flow for creating both the hardware and the software, a simulation platform that can execute the same binaries as the FPGA prototype and a virtualization layer to manage the final heterogeneous many-core architecture for run-time adaptability. With this approach software development productivity can be increased and thus, the time-to-market and development costs can be decreased. In this paper we present the FlexTiles Development Platform with a many-core architecture demonstration. The steps to implement, validate and integrate two use-cases are discussed.

International audience ; The FlexTiles Platform has been developed within a Seventh Framework Programme project which is co-funded by the European Union with ten participants of five countries. It aims to create a self-adaptive heterogeneous many-core architecture which is able to dynamically manage load balancing, power consumption and faulty modules. Its focus is to make the architecture efficient and to keep programming effort low. Therefore, the concept contains a dedicated automated tool-flow for creating both the hardware and the software, a simulation platform that can execute the same binaries as the FPGA prototype and a virtualization layer to manage the final heterogeneous many-core architecture for run-time adaptability. With this approach software development productivity can be increased and thus, the time-to-market and development costs can be decreased. In this paper we present the FlexTiles Development Platform with a many-core architecture demonstration. The steps to implement, validate and integrate two use-cases are discussed.