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What happens to a composer when persecution and exile means their true music no longer has an audience? In the 1930s, composers and musicians began to flee Hitler's Germany to make new lives across the globe. The process of exile was complex: although some of their works were celebrated, these composers had lost their familiar cultures and were forced to navigate xenophobia as well as entirely different creative terrain. Others, far less fortunate, were in a kind of internal exile-composing under a ruthless dictatorship or in concentration camps and ghettos. Michael Haas sensitively records the experiences of this musical diaspora. Torn between cultures and traditions, these composers produced music that synthesized old and new worlds, some becoming core portions of today's repertoire, some relegated to the desk drawer. Encompassing the musicians interned as enemy aliens in the United Kingdom, the brilliant Hollywood compositions of Erich Wolfgang Korngold, and the Brecht-inspired theater music of Kurt Weill, Haas shows how these musicians shaped the twentieth-century soundscape-and offers a moving record of the incalculable effects of war on culture.
Part I: Approaches to the Study of Foreign Policy -- Chapter 1: Early Approaches to the Study of Foreign Policy -- Chapter 2: Pre-Theories of Decision-Making -- Chapter 3: Quantifying Alternative Pre-Theories -- Part II: Operational Code Analysis -- Chapter 4: Omnipresence of Codes -- Chapter 5: Developments and Problems in Operational Code Research -- Part III: Professionalization Through Options Analysis -- Chapter 6: Parameters of Decision-Making and Options Analysis -- Chapter 7: American Policies Toward Cambodia -- Chapter 8: American Policies Toward North Korea -- Chapter 9: American Policies Toward Ukraine -- Chapter 10: Implications for Foreign Policy Research.
In: Jadavpur journal of international relations: JNR, Band 26, Heft 1, S. 7-42
ISSN: 2349-0047
A new type of international cooperation has arisen in Asia—economic cooperation between provinces of adjacent countries. While the principal motivation is joint economic development, the peace dividend involves cooperation among the people across borders to establish and strength ties of friendship. Although much funding comes from private investment, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) has been instrumental in identifying many of the most feasible projects. This article identifies one proposed growth triangle, a few that are dormant, and some currently are in operation, providing their historical origins, organizational components, funding, and success in conducting operational projects or promoting peaceful relations among members. To determine which projects have been more successful, variables are identified from the viable projects, testing whether criteria from the rational choice paradigm give a better explanation of success than the community-building paradigm. Results indicate that the two paradigms explain quite different aspects of success. Consistent with the rational choice paradigm, success is more likely when 'growth area' organizations have more funding and support from the ADB. As predicted by the community building paradigm, successful 'growth area' organizations have support from the leaders of their respective countries and are composed of countries with rough equality in national income. One variable—whether countries involved are democracies—has little impact on either economic development or peace dividend success.
Racial harmony is a form of positive peace, unlike the negative racial peace that exists when there is only racial coexistence. The paper focuses on how the racism pervading the Territory of Hawaiˋi was transformed into the harmonious life in the State of Hawaiˋi by focusing on five forms of racism—cultural, political, economic, environmental, and institutional. The transformation is explained by several theories—operational code theory, political displacement theory, mass society theory, ecological theory, and affirmative action theory. Progress in advancing over times is explained in terms of the Mass Society Paradigm. Although a unique historical account, the paper indicates in theoretical term how a transformation during statehood prompted progress.
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Why did Washington fail in handling the coronavirus pandemic, from the Trump White House and federal government to the role of state governments, and the severe impact upon the American people? This book examines the critical importance of the clash between politicians and scientists in failing to adequately address the encroaching pandemic.
As the strategic rivalry between the US and China intensifies, militarized crises are becoming more likely and a major military conflict is no longer as remote as it once seemed. The far-reaching modernization of its armed forces has already led China to embrace a more sanguine view of how such a conflict might play out. Meanwhile, the United States is struggling to formulate a coherent response to a potential Chinese attempt to recast the regional order by force. Although war remains unlikely, the need to get real about the possibility is now more urgent than at any point in recent decades. ; Mit der Verschärfung der strategischen Rivalität zwischen den USA und China werden militarisierte Krisen immer wahrscheinlicher, und ein grösserer militärischer Konflikt ist nicht mehr so weit entfernt, wie es einst schien. Die weitreichende Modernisierung seiner Streitkräfte hat China bereits dazu veranlasst, eine optimistischere Sichtweise darüber einzunehmen, wie sich ein solcher Konflikt entwickeln könnte. Unterdessen bemühen sich die Vereinigten Staaten um eine kohärente Antwort auf einen möglichen Versuch Chinas, die regionale Ordnung mit Gewalt umzugestalten. Obwohl ein Krieg nach wie vor unwahrscheinlich ist, ist es heute dringender als je zuvor, sich dieser Möglichkeit bewusst zu werden. ; ISSN:1664-0667
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Strategic Trends 2020 offers a concise analysis of major developments in world affairs, with a primary focus on international security. In the first chapter, Jack Thompson explores the main domestic determinants of the US-China rivalry and their implications at the international level. In the second chapter, Michael Haas and Niklas Masuhr show that a military conflict between the US and China is no longer as remote as it once seemed and that both sides are now very actively planning for the eventuality of a major war in the next decade or two. In Chapter 3, Henrik Larsen and Linda Maduz address the implications of China's targeted influence attempts and of its Belt and Road initiative (BRI) for Europe. In the final chapter, Benno Zogg explores the BRI and its potential effectiveness from a regional perspective, focusing on China's potential Eurasian zone of influence. ; Strategic Trends 2020 bietet eine jährliche Analyse wichtiger weltpolitischer Entwicklungen, wobei Fragen der internationalen Sicherheit im Zentrum stehen. In vier Artikeln beschäftigen sich unsere Autoren mit den nationalen Determinanten der Rivalität zwischen den USA und China und deren Auswirkungen auf die internationale Politik, mit dem Gespenst eines Grossmachtkrieges zwischen China und den USA, mit China als Stresstest für die Kohärenz Europas und mit Chinas Politik gegenüber Eurasien im Rahmen der Belt and Road Initiative. ; ISSN:1664-0667
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Every year, the CSS analyzes developments in world politics and their potential consequences for Switzerland over the next eight years. This year, we focus on the intensifying great power competition between the United States, China and Russia, as well as Artificial Intelligence as a key technology and a strategic resource. ; Jedes Jahr analysiert das CSS Entwicklungen in der Weltpolitik und deren potentielle Auswirkungen auf die Schweiz im Verlauf der nächsten acht Jahre. Dieses Jahr konzentrieren wir uns insbesondere auf die sich intensivierende Grossmächtekonkurrenz zwischen den Vereinigten Staaten, China und Russland sowie Künstliche Intelligenz als Treiber der Mächtekonkurrenz und zivile und militärische Befähigungstechnologie
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Democracy is in crisis because voices of the people are ignored due to a politics of mass society. After demonstrating how the French Fourth Republic failed, wherein Singapore's totalitarianism is a dangerous model, Washington is enmeshed in gridlock, and there is a global democracy deficit, solutions are offered to revitalize democracy as the best form of government. The book demonstrates how mass society politics operates, with intermediate institutions of civil society (media, pressure groups, political parties) no longer transmitting the will of the people to government but instead are concerned with corporate interests and have developed oligarchical mindsets. Rather than micro-remedy bandaids, the author focuses on the need to transform governing philosophies from pragmatic to humanistic solutions. Michael Haas is a Nobel Peace Prize Nominee and political scientist who has taught at several universities--London, Northwestern, Purdue, the University of California (Riverside), the University of Hawaiʻi, and multiple campuses of California State University. The author of more than 50 books, including Asian and Pacific Cooperation, International Relations Theory, and Political Science Revitalized, he now gives public lecturers around the world.--
In this Strategic Trends chapter, Michael Haas examines the advantage Western nations have enjoyed in military technology since the 1970s. He argues that this state of affairs is rapidly changing, as competitors embrace new technologies and duplicate or offset Western strengths – a problem to which there are no easy solutions. In his view, Western policymakers should act on several fronts to slow the process, while also adapting to a world in which they no longer enjoy substantial military-technological superiority. ; Westliche Nationen geniessen seit den 70er Jahren Vorteile im Bereich Militärtechnologie. Michael Haas argumentiert in diesem Strategic Trends Kapitel, dass sich dieser Zustand rasch verändert, da die Wettbewerber neue Technologien nutzen und westliche Stärken nachahmen. Dies, so Haas, führt zu Problemen, für die es keine einfachen Lösungen gibt. Seiner Ansicht nach sollte die Politik des Westens an mehreren Fronten tätig werden, um den Prozess zu verlangsamen und sich gleichzeitig an eine Welt anzupassen, in der der Westen militärtechnisch nicht mehr überlegen ist. ; ISSN:1664-0667
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This dissertation examines the long-term military competition between the U.S. and Soviet navies during 1946-81. It investigates the dynamics of naval posture change by integrating insights from military innovation theory with in-depth process tracing, thus providing a much-improved understanding of the Cold War at sea during the most decisive phases of the 'Third Battle of the Atlantic'.
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