Conflict and Compliance: State Responses to International Human Rights Pressure
In: Perspectives on politics, Band 5, Heft 4
ISSN: 1541-0986
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In: Perspectives on politics, Band 5, Heft 4
ISSN: 1541-0986
In: Perspectives on politics: a political science public sphere, Band 5, Heft 4, S. 857-858
ISSN: 1537-5927
In: Perspectives on politics: a political science public sphere, Band 5, Heft 4, S. 857
ISSN: 1537-5927
In: The journal of conflict resolution 52.2008,2
In: International organization, Band 62, Heft 4, S. 689-716
ISSN: 0020-8183
World Affairs Online
In: International organization, Band 62, Heft 4, S. 689-716
ISSN: 1531-5088
"Naming and shaming" is a popular strategy to enforce international human rights norms and laws. Nongovernmental organizations, news media, and international organizations publicize countries' violations and urge reform. Evidence that these spotlights are followed by improvements is anecdotal. This article analyzes the relationship between global naming and shaming efforts and governments' human rights practices for 145 countries from 1975 to 2000. The statistics show that governments put in the spotlight for abuses continue or even ramp up some violations afterward, while reducing others. One reason is that governments' capacities for human rights improvements vary across types of violations. Another is that governments are strategically using some violations to offset other improvements they make in response to international pressure to stop violations.
In: International Organization, Band 62
SSRN
In: International studies review, Band 7, Heft 3, S. 441-444
ISSN: 1468-2486
In: International organization, Band 59, Heft 3, S. 593-629
ISSN: 0020-8183
Präferentielle Handelsabkommen spielen eine immer wichtigere Rolle bei der internationalen Durchsetzung von Menschenrechten. Beinhalten solche Abkommen nämlich entsprechende Klauseln, die den Vertragspartner zur Einhaltung von Menschenrechten verpflichten, so scheint dies effektiver als der Abschluss von reinen Menschenrechtsabkommen, da letztere an den repressiven Politiken der Unterzeichnerstaaten zumeist nichts ändern. Als ähnlich negativ in der Wirkung sind jedoch auch präferentielle Handelsabkommen zu beurteilen, die nur eine schwache Bindung zwischen Menschenrechten und präferentiellen Marktzugang herstellen. Dies ist z. B. der Fall, wenn die Einhaltung von Menschenrechten nicht anhand konkreter Vertragsbestimmungen geregelt ist, sondern wenn die Bedeutung dieser Rechte nur in der Präambel des Vertrages hergehoben wird. (rll-swp)
World Affairs Online
In: Journal of peace research, Band 42, Heft 6, S. 679-698
ISSN: 0022-3433
World Affairs Online
In: International studies review, Band 7, Heft 3, S. 441-444
ISSN: 1521-9488
In: International organization, Band 59, Heft 3
ISSN: 1531-5088
In: Journal of peace research, Band 42, Heft 6, S. 679-698
ISSN: 1460-3578
A growing number of studies provide quantitative evidence that economic globalization encourages government protection of human rights: trade and investment advance civil and political rights and encourage governments to refrain from violations of the right to life, liberty, and the security of the person. Other studies provide evidence that globalization promotes government repression of human rights: the arbitrary arrest, torture, forced disappearance, or extra-judicial killing of citizens, activists, or dissidents by state security forces under the control of ruling state elites. This article employs a variant of Extreme Bounds Analysis in order to analyze the robustness of this growing body of important but contradictory inferences. It argues that (1) we can make robust empirical claims about the relationship between certain trade and investment indicators and government repression, but shows that (2) cumulative knowledge across studies nevertheless remains limited by the sensitivity of many indicators to conditioning sets of information. This problem stems from vaguely specified theoretical mechanisms linking economic processes to government repression and is of potentially great consequence for scholarship seeking to explain the causes of human rights violations, in particular, and the effects of economic globalization, in general.
In: Journal of Peace Research, Band 42, Heft 6, S. 2005
SSRN
In: International Organization 59, Summer 2005, pp. 593-629
SSRN