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Communication managers in public sector organizations operate in increasingly complex environments. An influential political realm, diverse stakeholder environments, and media scrutiny combined with macro-level developments in the public sector put high demands on their media and stakeholder relations. Media are both important stakekeepers and sources of information for other stakeholders. Therefore, we assume that individual-level perceptions of the media in relation to the organization are important factors in understanding stakeholder relations, but these perceptions have not been systematically analyzed and theorized. The present qualitative interview study focused on communication managers of Dutch independent administrative bodies. We developed a new conceptualization of media orientation and empirically explored how its dimensions are reflected in the managers' understandings of stakeholder relations. We found that communication managers try to cope with sector-specific challenges by implementing integrated communication strategies and exploring their communicative autonomy. Level of management support and incidents are key determining factors.

The role of the media in public accountability has often been discussed. This is especially the case for public sector organisations, whose accountability relations have changed in the shift from government to governance. In this paper, we develop a typology of the ways mass media are involved in public accountability processes. Media can stimulate actors to reflect on their behaviour, trigger formal accountability by reporting on the behaviour of actors, amplify formal accountability as they report on it or act as an independent and informal accountability forum. To explore the presence of these roles in practice, we focus on public sector organisations in the Netherlands. Our quantitative and qualitative analysis in the Netherlands suggests that the media primarily serve an indirect role in public accountability, either by invoking pre-emptive self-criticism in public organisations in anticipation of potential media scrutiny or by triggering formal accountability demands from MPs

Although journalism and media coverage are known to induce, inform, and affect public accountability processes, little is known about media-covered accountability. This study therefore explores accountability processes of Danish and Flemish agencies as subjects of the news. Drawing on news construction literature, our quantitative content analysis of newspaper coverage (N = 13,540) focuses on the presence of accountability processes in media coverage and the extent to which organizational characteristics (task, political salience, and size) are related to this phenomenon. Horizontal accountability forums have the highest media presence. Opinions from horizontal forums, vertical forums, and citizens appear less frequently for service-providing organizations.

Although journalism and media coverage are known to induce, inform, and affect public accountability processes, little is known about media-covered accountability. This study therefore explores accountability processes of Danish and Flemish agencies as subjects of the news. Drawing on news construction literature, our quantitative content analysis of newspaper coverage ( N = 13,540) focuses on the presence of accountability processes in media coverage and the extent to which organizational characteristics (task, political salience, and size) are related to this phenomenon. Horizontal accountability forums have the highest media presence. Opinions from horizontal forums, vertical forums, and citizens appear less frequently for service-providing organizations.

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Preface: Law and (Dis)Order in Ghent (and the Ancient Near East) -- Abbreviations -- Program -- Chapter 1. Foreseeing the Future, Classifying the Present: On the Concepts of Law and Order in the Omen Literature -- Chapter 2. Le vol à l'époque paléo- babylonienne : L'application de la loi à travers la jurisprudence -- Chapter 3. "Let the Sleeping Dogs Lie" or the Taboo (NÍG.GIG=ikkibu) of the Sacredness of Sleep as Order and Noise at Night ("tapage nocturne") as Disorder in Some Ancient Near Eastern Texts -- Chapter 4. Lorsque les généraux prêtent serment ... : Quelques remarques sur l'usage du serment de loyauté (depuis la documentation d'Ur III jusqu'à l'époque néo- assyrienne) -- Chapter 5. Unjust Law: Royal Rhetoric or Social Reality? -- Chapter 6. The Vocabulary of Rebellion in Neo-Assyrian Documents -- Chapter 7. Legal Fiction in Emar and Ekalte: A Source of Order or Disorder in the Legal System? -- Chapter 8. What the "Man of One Mina" Wanted: Law and Commerce in the Ur III Period -- Chapter 9. How Ancient Near Eastern Societies Regulated Life in the Community: Crucial Clues from Archaeology -- Chapter 10. A Variationist Approach to Orthographic and Phonological Peculiarities of the Language in the Laws of Hammurabi -- Chapter 11. "For Each Runaway Assyrian Fugitive, Let Me Replace Him One Hundred- Fold": Fugitives/ Runaways in the Neo-Assyrian Empire -- Chapter 12. Perfections of Justice? Measure for Measure Aspirations in Biblical and Cuneiform Sources -- Chapter 13. Putting Some Order in Ur III Letter- Orders -- Chapter 14. Luminous Oils and Waters of Wisdom: Shedding New Light on Oil Divination -- Chapter 15. (Mis)Translating Gender: The Scribes Couldn't Have Been Competent, They Didn't Go to Yale -- Chapter 16. Rétablir l'ordre par la mort dans les textes législatifs du début du IIe millénaire av. J.-C. -- Chapter 17. To Be Guilty at Nuzi -- Chapter 18. Fremde Götter—eigene Götter: Zu den neuassyrischen Götterbeschreibungen -- Chapter 19. "Not Even Her Own Jewelry": Marital Property in the Middle Assyrian Laws -- Chapter 20. Disorder and Its Agents: The Akkadian Epic of Anzû Revisited -- Chapter 21. When the Trial Does Not Work: Pathological Elements in the Judicial Procedure in the Old Babylonian Period -- Chapter 22. The Ashurbanipal Library Project at the British Museum -- Chapter 23. The Sea and Monarchic Legitimation in the Ancient Near East -- Chapter 24. Putting Life in Order: The Architecture of the New Excavations in Kamid el-Loz, Lebanon -- Chapter 25. Enmity Against Samsu-ditāna -- Contributors

Media and communication have become ubiquitous in today's societies and affect all aspects of life. On an individual level, they impact how we learn about the world, how we entertain ourselves, and how we interact with others. On an organisational level, the interactions between media and organisations, such as political parties, NGOs, businesses and brands, shape organisations' reputation, legitimacy, trust and (financial) performance, as well as individuals' consumer, political, social and health behaviours. At the societal level, media and communication are crucial for shaping public opinion on current issues such as climate change, sustainability, diversity, and well-being. Media challenges are widespread and include mis- and disinformation, the negative impact of algorithms on our information diets, challenges to our privacy, cyberbullying, media addiction, and unwanted persuasion, among many others. All this makes the study of media and communication crucial. This book provides a broad overview of the ways in which people create, use, and experience their media environment, and the role of media and communication for individuals, organisations, and society. The chapters in the book were written by researchers from the Amsterdam School of Communication Research (ASCoR) on the occasion of its 25th anniversary. ASCoR is today the largest research institute of its kind in Europe and has developed over the past 25 years into one of the best communications research institutes in the world