Suchergebnisse

The occurrence and atmospheric behavior of tri- to deca-polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were investigated during a 2-week campaign concurrently conducted in July 2012 at four background sites around the Aegean Sea. The study focused on the gas/particle (G/P) partitioning at three sites (Ag. Paraskevi/central Greece/suburban, Finokalia/southern Greece/remote coastal, and Urla/Turkey/rural coastal) and on the size distribution at two sites (Neochorouda/northern Greece/rural inland and Finokalia/southern Greece/remote coastal). The lowest mean total (G + P) concentrations of ∑7PBDE (BDE-28, BDE-47, BDE-66, BDE-99, BDE-100, BDE-153, BDE-154) and BDE-209 (0.81 and 0.95 pg m−3, respectively) were found at the remote site Finokalia. Partitioning coefficients, KP, were calculated, and their linear relationships with ambient temperature and the physicochemical properties of the analyzed PBDE congeners, i.e., the subcooled liquid pressure (PL°) and the octanol-air partition coefficient (KOA), were investigated. The equilibrium adsorption (PL°-based) and absorption (KOA-based) models, as well as a steady-state absorption model including an equilibrium and a non-equilibrium term, both being functions of log KOA, were used to predict the fraction Φ of PBDEs associated with the particle phase. The steady-state model proved to be superior to predict G/P partitioning of BDE-209. The distribution of particle-bound PBDEs across size fractions 7.2 μm indicated a positive correlation between the mass median aerodynamic diameter and log PL° for the less brominated congeners, whereas a negative correlation was observed for the high brominated congeners. The potential source regions of PBDEs were acknowledged as a combination of long-range transport with short-distance sources. ; Granting Agency of the Czech Republic (312334); Czech Ministry of Education, Youth, and Sports (LO1214--LM2015051); Izmir Institute of Technology Scientific Research Foundation (2013IYTE14); European Union FP7 (262254 ACTRIS)

The Generalized Aerosol Retrieval from Radiometer and Lidar Combined data algorithm (GARRLiC) and the LIdar-Radiometer Inversion Code (LIRIC) provide the opportunity to study the aerosol vertical distribution by combining ground-based lidar and sun-photometric measurements. Here, we utilize the capabilities of both algorithms for the characterization of Saharan dust and marine particles, along with their mixtures, in the south-eastern Mediterranean during the CHARacterization of Aerosol mixtures of Dust and Marine origin Experiment (CHARADMExp). Three case studies are presented, focusing on dust-dominated, marine-dominated and dust–marine mixing conditions. GARRLiC and LIRIC achieve a satisfactory characterization for the dust-dominated case in terms of particle microphysical properties and concentration profiles. The marine-dominated and the mixture cases are more challenging for both algorithms, although GARRLiC manages to provide more detailed microphysical retrievals compared to AERONET, while LIRIC effectively discriminates dust and marine particles in its concentration profile retrievals. The results are also compared with modelled dust and marine concentration profiles and surface in situ measurements. ; The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme ACTRIS-2 (grant agreement no. 654109). The work has been developed under the auspices of the ESA-ESTEC project "Characterization of Aerosol mixtures of Dust And Marine origin" contract no. IPL-PSO/FF/lf/14.489. The work was also supported by the European Research Council under the European Community's Horizon 2020 research and innovation framework programme/ERC grant agreement 725698 (D-TECT). The publication was supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under grant agreement no. 602014, project ECARS (East European Centre for Atmospheric Remote Sensing). The authors acknowledge support through the Stavros Niarchos Foundation. BSC-DREAM8b simulations were performed on the Mare Nostrum supercomputer hosted by the Barcelona Supercomputing Center-Centro Nacional de Supercomputación (BSC). ; Peer Reviewed ; Postprint (published version)

The Generalized Aerosol Retrieval from Radiometer and Lidar Combined data algorithm (GARRLiC) and the LIdar-Radiometer Inversion Code (LIRIC) provide the opportunity to study the aerosol vertical distribution by combining ground-based lidar and sun-photometric measurements. Here, we utilize the capabilities of both algorithms for the characterization of Saharan dust and marine particles, along with their mixtures, in the south-eastern Mediterranean during the CHARacterization of Aerosol mixtures of Dust and Marine origin Experiment (CHARADMExp). Three case studies are presented, focusing on dust-dominated, marine-dominated and dust–marine mixing conditions. GARRLiC and LIRIC achieve a satisfactory characterization for the dust-dominated case in terms of particle microphysical properties and concentration profiles. The marine-dominated and the mixture cases are more challenging for both algorithms, although GARRLiC manages to provide more detailed microphysical retrievals compared to AERONET, while LIRIC effectively discriminates dust and marine particles in its concentration profile retrievals. The results are also compared with modelled dust and marine concentration profiles and surface in situ measurements. ; The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme ACTRIS-2 (grant agreement no. 654109). The work has been developed under the auspices of the ESA-ESTEC project "Characterization of Aerosol mixtures of Dust And Marine origin" contract no. IPL-PSO/FF/lf/14.489. The work was also supported by the European Research Council under the European Community's Horizon 2020 research and innovation framework programme/ERC grant agreement 725698 (D-TECT). The publication was supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under grant agreement no. 602014, project ECARS (East European Centre for Atmospheric Remote Sensing). The authors acknowledge support through the Stavros Niarchos Foundation. BSC-DREAM8b simulations were performed on the Mare Nostrum supercomputer hosted by the Barcelona Supercomputing Center-Centro Nacional de Supercomputación (BSC). ; Peer Reviewed ; Postprint (published version)

This investigation presents the variability of near-surface in-situ aerosol particle light scattering measurements obtained over the past decade at 28 measuring atmospheric observatories which are part of the ACTRIS Research Infrastructure and most of them belong to the GAW network. This manuscript provides a comprehensive picture of the spatial and temporal variability of aerosol particles optical properties in Europe. ; This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and 11 innovation programme under grant agreement No 654109, ACTRIS (project No. 262254), ACTRIS12 PPP (project No 739530).MAD station is co-financed by the PROACLIM ( CGL2014-52877-R) project. SMR station acknowledges BACCHUS (project No. 603445), CRAICC (project No. 26060) and Academy of Finland (project No. 3073314). UGR station is co-financed by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through project CGL2016-81092-R. Measurements at Montseny and Montsec stations were supported by the MINECO (Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness) and FEDER funds under the PRISMA project (CGL2012-39623-C02/00), by the MAGRAMA (Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment) and by the Generalitat de Catalunya (AGAUR 2014 SGR33 and the DGQA). Measurements at Izaña were supported by AEROATLAN project (CGL2015-17 66229-P), co-funded by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain and the European Regional Development Fund. Station Košetice is supported by Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic within project for support of national research infrastructure ACTRIS – participation of the Czech Republic (ACTRIS-CZ – LM2015037). Measurements at Puy de Dôme were partly supported by CNRS-INSU, University Clermont- Auvergne, OPGC and the french CLAP program. PAL station acknowledges KONE Foundation, Academy of Finland (project No. 269095 and No. 296302). CHC station received support from Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) under both Jeune Equipe program attributed ...