Cover -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of illustrations -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- The arrival of anti-corruption on the global agenda -- Comparing the scope and legal design of agreements -- The argument in brief: diffusion and signaling motives -- Why study anti-corruption agreements? -- Chapter outline -- Notes -- 1. The argument: Diffusion and signaling motives -- The diffusion of international agreements -- Agency in international organizations -- Signaling motives as a scope condition -- The effects of different audiences -- Alternative explanations -- Conclusion -- Notes -- 2. International anti-corruption agreements in comparison -- Mapping the global landscape of anti-corruption -- Summary: first movers, laggards, outliers -- Comparing the scope and legal design of the agreements -- How do ideas spread? Evidence of diffusion processes -- Conclusion -- Notes -- 3. Organization of American States: Activist governments and domestic reference models -- History, design, and implementation -- Motivations and drivers -- Tracing the drafts over time -- Evidence of diffusion -- Conclusion -- Notes -- 4. African Union: Development cooperation, non-state actors, and external reference models -- History, design, and implementation -- Motives and drivers -- Tracing the drafts over time -- Evidence of diffusion -- Conclusion -- Notes -- 5. Conclusion: Lessons to draw from the global patchwork -- Enforcement, compromises, and illusionary giants -- Signaling motives as scope conditions -- Anti-corruption as an instance of diffusion -- Implications and contribution to the literature -- Outlook: can these agreements be effective? -- Notes -- List of anti-corruption documents -- Additional data on scope conditions -- List of interviews -- Bibliography -- Index.
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Returning the ill-gotten gains of corrupt officials to their rightful owners has become a global priority since the adoption of the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC). Assets acquired through corruption and then transferred abroad are part of the broader phenomenon of illicit financial flows (IFFs), which deprive developing countries of their domestic resources. According to some estimates, tens of billions of dollars are lost to different kinds of IFFs from Africa every year. Asset recovery as envisaged by UNCAC offers a path to repatriate the share of IFFs that relates to corruption, although the total amount recovered so far pales in comparison to the estimated outflows. How can asset recovery serve development goals? Practitioners and activists can build on a range of initiatives from development cooperation, mutual legal assistance, and rules concerning financial transparency. New policies in the United States, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom show how key jurisdictions increasingly take a progressive stance on asset recovery and work with developing countries to overcome obstacles. Yet challenges and blind spots remain. To make the most of the existing tools, political objectives must be aligned across several dimensions of foreign policy and financial regulation.
Vor etwas mehr als 20 Jahren gründeten Mitglieder der DVPW-Sektion Internationale Beziehungen eine Mailingliste. Seitdem haben Generationen von Forschenden und Studierenden die ib-liste abonniert (und sicher oft auch wieder abbestellt). Dieser Beitrag nimmt das kürzliche Jubiläum zum Anlass, die Rolle der Liste als digitalem Kommunikationskanal für die deutschsprachige IB-Community zu beleuchten. Dazu haben wir die Absenderadressen und Betreffzeilen von rund 28.000 E-Mails zwischen 2012 und 2020 ausgewertet. Darauf basierend untersuchen wir die Interaktionsmuster der Liste anhand dreier Leitfragen. Erstens: Lässt sich eine Professionalisierung der Kommunikation feststellen? Eine Spitzengruppe aus rund 500 regelmäßigen Nutzer*innen ist für 42,5 Prozent der Nachrichten verantwortlich. Zweitens: Hat sich der Kreis der Aktiven über den ursprünglichen Kern der Wissenschafts-Community hinaus erweitert? Nur rund ein Drittel der Beiträge hat einen direkten Bezug zu Forschung oder Lehre. Es überwiegen Hinweise auf Veranstaltungen für welt- und außenpolitisch Interessierte sowie außeruniversitäre Stellenausschreibungen. Drittens: Ist die Liste moderat internationalisiert, was sich vor allem an der Häufigkeit englischsprachiger Betreffzeilen zeigt? Diese sind bei Nachrichten mit Wissenschaftsbezug in der Überzahl. Insgesamt dient die Liste im untersuchten Zeitraum somit nicht nur einer Kerngemeinschaft für IB-Forschung und Lehre, sondern verzahnt diese mit benachbarten Communitys aus der Zivilgesellschaft.
The argument : diffusion and signalling motives -- International anti-corruption agreements in comparison -- Organization of American States: activist governments and domestic reference models -- African Union : development cooperation, non-state actors, and external reference models -- Conclusion : lessons to draw from the global patchwork
To what extent is International Relations (IR) a globalized discipline? We investigate the geographic diversity of authorship in seventeen IR journals from Africa, East Asia, Europe, Latin America, North America, and the United Kingdom. Biographical records were collected for the authors of 2,362 articles published between 2011 and 2015. To interpret the data, we discuss how publishing patterns are driven by author incentives (supply) in tandem with editorial preferences and strategies (demand). Our main findings are twofold. First, global IR is fragmented and provincial. All journals frequently publish works by authors located in their own region—but the size of these local clusters varies. Geographic diversity is highest in what we identify as the "goldilocks zone" of international publishing: English-language journals that are globally visible but not so competitive that North American authors crowd out other contributions. Second, IR is being globalized through researcher mobility. Many scholars have moved to pursue their doctoral education and then publish as expats, returnees, or part of the diaspora. They are joined by academic tourists publishing in regions to which they have no obvious ties. IR journals thus feature more diverse backgrounds than it may seem at first sight, but many of these authors were educated in North America, the United Kingdom, and Europe.
Abstract Following the Paris Agreement, states have submitted nationally determined contributions (NDCs) pledging how they aim to prevent dangerous climate change. These documents reveal how states translate the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change's (UNFCCC) normative expectations based on their domestic circumstances. We examine continuity and change between first and second NDCs with an inductive method of quantitative text analysis—topic modeling. Overall, these pledges rely on UNFCCC's norms, indicating the stability of the liberal order. Many norms are translated similarly in first and second NDCs. When states prioritize some norms over others, this continues to align with the annex divide, reflecting differences in domestic circumstances (e.g., vulnerability). Yet, some discourse coalitions also cut across this line. Two innovative translations stand out in the second NDCs: first, the low-carbon economy discourse adds a new spin to "liberal environmentalism," apparently driven by competition among higher-income countries, and second, interlinkages with the human rights regime point to successful transnational socialization in democratic states. These findings indicate potential directions for global climate politics.
Die Forschung zu internationalen Normdynamiken steht vor der Herausforderung, die Interpretationen von vielen verschiedenen Akteuren analytisch zu erfassen, um die Komplexität, Pluralität und auch den Wandel von Perspektiven in der globalen Politik darstellen zu können. Neuere Verfahren der quantitativen, computergestützten Textanalyse ermöglichen es, die Inhalte großer Textkorpora und damit viele Fälle parallel auszuwerten. Unser Papier stellt einen innovativen Ansatz vor, um eine Methode der quantitativen Textanalyse für die Normenforschung nutzbar zu machen. Unsupervised topic modeling ist eine induktiv-explorative Methode zum Auffinden von Mustern im Diskurs. Sie scheint uns besonders nützlich für Forschung zu Normübersetzung, bei der die Offenheit, die Fluidität und der Wandel von Normen im Mittelpunkt stehen. Am Beispiel der globalen Klimapolitik illustriert dieser Beitrag, wie die im internationalen Regime institutionalisierten Normen durch Mitgliedstaaten übersetzt werden. Wir diskutieren das Potenzial unseres Ansatzes und reflektieren auch die damit einhergehenden Herausforderungen.
Abstract The "global IR" debate lacks systematic data on scholarship in different world regions, particularly outside the Web of Science (WoS). To close this gap, we compare 2,362 articles published in seventeen journals between 2011 and 2015. We map each article's overall approach, main theories, and substantive issue area. These content data are combined with information on the author's biographical background. Crucially, our sample also includes journals from East Asia, Africa, Latin America, Europe, and North America not indexed in the WoS. We find a bifurcated Transatlantic core of IR, with an emphasis on quantitative-rationalist research on one side compared to more constructivist and critical theorizing on the other. Journals outside the core more often feature articles with a descriptive approach, and this tendency is not limited to atheoretical works. Theoretical paradigms vary in popularity between regions. Many articles draw on multiple theories, including concepts from adjacent fields, which supports the notion of analytical eclecticism. Yet explicitly "non-Western" theorizing remains rare. To explore the influence of academic socialization, we compare subsamples within journals. The origins of doctoral degrees indeed seem linked to research preferences, suggesting that journals can become more well-rounded by publishing works by authors from diverse academic backgrounds. El debate sobre las "relaciones internacionales globales" carece de datos sistemáticos sobre los estudios en diferentes regiones del mundo, especialmente fuera de la plataforma Web of Science (WoS). Para cubrir esta falta de datos, comparamos 2362 artículos que se publicaron en 17 revistas entre 2011 y 2015. Realizamos un esquema del enfoque general, las teorías principales y el ámbito temático sustancial de cada artículo. Estos datos del contenido se combinan con información sobre los antecedentes biográficos del autor. Crucialmente, nuestra muestra también incluye revistas de Asia oriental, África, América Latina, Europa y Norteamérica que no están indexadas en la plataforma WoS. Observamos una base transatlántica bifurcada de las relaciones internacionales, con un énfasis en la investigación cuantitativa y racionalista por un lado, en comparación con una teorización más constructivista y crítica por el otro. Con más frecuencia, las revistas que no se encuentran en la base incluyen artículos con un enfoque descriptivo, y esta tendencia no se limita a las obras no teóricas. Los paradigmas teóricos varían en materia de popularidad entre las regiones. Muchos artículos recurren a varias teorías e incluyen los conceptos de campos adyacentes, lo cual respalda la noción del eclecticismo analítico. No obstante, la teorización que es explícitamente "no occidental" continúa siendo escasa. Para analizar la influencia de la socialización académica, comparamos submuestras dentro de las revistas. En efecto, los orígenes de los doctorados parecen estar relacionados con las preferencias de investigación, lo cual sugiere que las revistas pueden tornarse más integrales publicando obras de autores de distintos antecedentes académicos. Le débat sur les « RI mondiales » manque de données systématiques sur les recherches menées dans différentes régions du monde, tout particulièrement hors de Web of Science (WoS). Pour combler cette lacune, nous avons comparé 2 362 articles publiés dans 17 revues entre 2011 et 2015. Nous avons cartographié l'approche globale, les principales théories et le domaine de la problématique substantielle de chaque article. Ces données sont alliées à des informations sur le parcours biographique des auteurs. Mais surtout, notre échantillon inclut aussi des revues issues d'Asie de l'Est, d'Afrique, d'Amérique latine, d'Europe et d'Amérique du Nord qui ne sont pas indexées dans WoS. Nous avons d'une part décelé un noyau de RI transatlantique dichotomique, une facette mettant l'accent sur les recherches quantitatives/rationalistes alors que l'autre se concentre sur une théorisation plus constructiviste et critique. Les revues hors de ce noyau présentent plus souvent des articles adoptant une approche descriptive et cette tendance ne se limite pas aux travaux athéoriques. Les paradigmes varient en popularité entre les régions. De nombreux articles s'appuient sur plusieurs théories, notamment sur des concepts issus de domaines adjacents, ce qui contribue à la notion d'éclectisme analytique. Pourtant, la théorisation explicitement « non occidentale » reste rare. Nous avons comparé des sous-échantillons au sein des revues pour explorer l'influence de la socialisation académique. Les origines des diplômes de doctorat semblent en réalité associées à des préférences de recherche, ce qui suggère que les revues pourraient devenir plus équilibrées en publiant des travaux d'auteurs aux divers parcours académiques.
Since the end of the Cold War, international organizations and states have developed programs to promote (good) governance at the country level. Regional organizations have gained an important role in governance transfer because they constitute an intermediary level of agency between the nation-state and global institutions. This paper maps the governance transfer of nine regional organizations in the Americas, Asia, Africa, and the Middle East. We analyze the objectives, approaches, and instruments used to promote the creation and transformation of governance institutions in target countries. This comparison shows that similar standards and instruments have been adopted throughout the areas of study, in line with the notion of a global governance script. At the same time, we find important differences with regard to when and how the regional organizations prescribe and promote "good" governance institutions at the national level. Research on diffusion and comparative regionalism is ill- equipped to account for this double finding of increasing similarities and persisting differences. The paper calls for a more agency-centered approach that conceptualizes governance transfer as an institutional choice by states. We identify factors that elicit states' demand for governance transfer, on the one hand, and that shape its institutional design, on the other. ; Seit Ende des Kalten Krieges haben Internationale Organisationen und Staaten Programme entwickelt, um "Gutes Regieren" in Mitgliedstaaten und Drittländern zu fördern. Regionalorganisationen sind als Vermittler zwischen nationalen und globalen Institutionen wichtig für solche Governance-Transfers. Dieses Papier erfasst den Governance-Transfer von neun Regionalorganisationen in den Amerikas, Afrika, Asien und im Nahen Osten. Dabei analysieren wir die Ziele, Ansätze und Instrumente für die Schaffung oder Veränderung von Institutionen in Zielländern. Dieser Vergleich zeigt Ähnlichkeiten bei Standards und Instrumenten, was auf die Ausbreitung eines "globalen ...
