Suchergebnisse

Resumen: El presente trabajo plantea un análisisantropológico sobre conflictos entre grupos indígenas enBolivia y nuevos poderes políticos de mujeres indígenas.Este análisis pretende investigar por qué las eleccionespresidenciales de 2005 y 2009 un grupo mayoritario deTacanas se posicionaron en contra de Evo Morales auncuando su partido mantiene una política pro-indígena.Los conflictos violentos en Bolivia tienen su origen enfricciones entre las regiones de las tierras bajas y tierrasaltas, y típicamente son representados en la prensa y academiacomo conflictos de la oligarquía blanco/mestizojunto con la clase media reciente (post 1930s) contra losgrupos indígenas. Sin embargo, la tensión existente entregrupos indígenas es generalmente obviada, debido a quela imagen del "indio" fue homogenizada a una sola figurabasada en la relación de explotación proveniente del Estadomestizo hacia el Indio. Enfocando en mujeres Tacana dela Amazonia de Bolivia y los conflictos cotidianos entreellas y los colonos Aymara/Quechua a su territorio, estetrabajo hace tangible la naturaleza de los temas claves queestán en base de estos conflictos históricos.Palabras clave: cultura, indígenas, etnia, raza, tacana,Amazonía, Estado boliviano."Evo Is Merely Another Colonial": Inter-ethnical Conflicts and New Political Powers of Indigenous Women in BoliviaAbstract: The present paper focuses on an anthropologicalanalysis of tensions between indigenous groups inBolivia, by asking the question of why it is that in the 2005and 2009 presidential elections many Tacana, native toAmazonia Bolivia, voted against and generally opposedEvo Morales' candidacy and his pro-indigenous politic.Violent conflicts in Bolivia, which find their root in stronghighland-lowland regionalism, are typically portrayed inthe media and academia as one between the white/criollooligarchies along with the more recent (post 1930s) mestizomiddle-class against indigenous groups. The fact thatthere are strong conflictive sentiments between indigenousgroups in Bolivia has largely been overlooked preciselybecause the image of the Bolivian "indian" has been distilledinto a single generic figure which by definition standsin an exploited relation to the mestizo state. By focussingon Amazonian Tacana women and especially in theirposition of leaders, this paper makes tangible the natureof the conflicts as brought forth in everyday situations ofTacana women and highland Aymara/Quechua migrantsinto their territory.Key Words: identity, ethnicity, race, Tacana, colonos,regionalism, Amazonia, land rights, Bolivian state

Aims: Heart failure (HF) has become an epidemic and constitutes a major medical, social, and economic problem worldwide. Despite advances in medical treatment, HF prognosis remains poor. The development of efficient therapies is hampered by the lack of appropriate animal models in which HF can be reliably determined, particularly in mice. The development of HF in mice is often assumed based on the presence of cardiac dysfunction, but HF itself is seldom proved. Lung ultrasound (LUS) has become a helpful tool for lung congestion assessment in patients at all stages of HF. We aimed to apply this non-invasive imaging tool to evaluate HF in mouse models of both systolic and diastolic dysfunction. Methods and results: We used LUS to study HF in a mouse model of systolic dysfunction, dilated cardiomyopathy, and in a mouse model of diastolic dysfunction, diabetic cardiomyopathy. LUS proved to be a reliable and reproducible tool to detect pulmonary congestion in mice. The combination of LUS and echocardiography allowed discriminating those mice that develop HF from those that do not, even in the presence of evident cardiac dysfunction. The study showed that LUS can be used to identify the onset of HF decompensation and to evaluate the efficacy of therapies for this syndrome. Conclusions: This novel approach in mouse models of cardiac disease enables for the first time to adequately diagnose HF non-invasively in mice with preserved or reduced ejection fraction, and will pave the way to a better understanding of HF and to the development of new therapeutic approaches. ; This study was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (SAF2015-65722-R), Comunidad Autonoma de Madrid (2010-BMD2321, FIBROTEAM Consortium), European Union's FP7 (CardioNeT-ITN-289600, CardioNext-ITN-608027) and the Spanish Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CPII14/00027 to E.L-P, RD12/0042/0054 to B.I. and RD12/0042/066 to P.G.-P. and E.L-P). This work was also supported by the Plan Estatal de I+D+I 2013-2016 - European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) "A way of making Europe", Spain. The CNIC is supported by the Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (MINECO) and the Pro CNIC Foundation, and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (MINECO award SEV-2015-0505). ; Sí