Suchergebnisse

Compares female and male jail staff perceptions regarding the stress associated with work in jails, the job satisfaction to be derived from jail work, the job environment experienced in jails and the level of commitment to jail facilities across 5 jail settings. (Original abstract-amended)

This study investigates the proposition that residents of the cities of Canada & the US differ in their political cultures. Methods. The analysis employs aggregated individual-level data on social trust, self-esteem, & liberalism provided to the authors after being aggregated at the city level & in subgroups of the population in each city (7 in Canada, 47 in the US). Results. There are significant differences in the levels of social trust expressed by the citizens of the cities of the two countries, with Canadians expressing the greater trust, but no significant differences on self-esteem & liberalism. When clustering cities using all three values, five of the Canadian cities group in a single cluster shared with no US cities. Generational effects emerge in the cross-national comparison of self-esteem & liberalism. Conclusions. On the basis of these city-level aggregated individual data, there remain significant differences between the cultures of Canada & the US. Moreover, little evidence suggests that the cultures of the two countries will become closer as the result of generational replacement. 4 Tables, 30 References. Adapted from the source document.

Indicates variation among cities of women police officers is a combination of economic conditions, local-level representation of women in public offices, and administrative mechanisms established for hiring women. Suggests progress towards social equity in such male-dominated occupations is highly dependent upon a formal administrative structure established specifically to achieve this goal. (Abstract amended)

The longstanding conservationist versus preservationist perspective among environmentalists is investigated among contemporary environmental group members in Michigan and Ontario. Based upon survey data, it is clear that this dissension continues to exist among contemporary environmental activists. Moreover, a number of background characteristics, use preferences for public lands, and political and environmental belief constructs effectively predict conservationist and preservationist orientations. The Canadians in the study were more likely to have preservationist orientations when compared with Americans, and the self-identified behavior of these Canadian activists tended to be more protective of natural resources than their US counterparts. It is argued that such cross-national differences are a likely consequence of differing features of the US and Canadian political cultures.

Extends the recent analysis reported by Sigelman and Yanarella (1986). Distinguishes between background and motivational sources of knowledge and adds a cross-national policy context. Motivational variables have a significant and independent impact on public knowledge. Suggests that citizens in democratic policies can indeed participate effectively in complex policy choices. (Abstract amended)