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Work–family conflict is a phenomenon known to affect an individual's well-being. However, its affective consequences are yet to be explored. In this study, we focus on understanding work–family conflict affective consequences on positive and negative affect. Our approach aims to refine the Job Demands and Resources model (JD-R model) by incorporating affect as a psychological mechanism in the health-impairment process and by exploring family-supportive organizational perceptions and psychological detachment as moderators. The final sample was composed of 195 couples, with men's mean age around 46 years old (M = 46.85, SD = 0.34) and women's age around 44 (M = 44.23, SD = 0.37). Men worked an average of 44.46 h per week (SD = 0.83), while women worked an average of 39.79 h per week (SD = 0.65). The majority of couples had full-time jobs (77.9% of men and 73.8% of women), worked fixed schedules (55.4% of men and 73.8% of women), were employed by others (75% of men and 82.8% of women), and worked for small companies (54.6% of men and 40% of women). Concerning education, most of the men (81.3%) and women (71.4%) attended high school or had less than 12 years of education. To test our moderation models, PROCESS version 4.1st macro for SPSS was used. Additional analyses included correlations and paired mean comparisons. Our findings indicate that work–family conflict correlates positively with negative affect and negatively with positive affect. Psychological detachment moderated the effect of work–family conflict on negative affect for women, but did not moderate the relationship with positive affect for men or women. Family-supportive organizational perceptions also did not moderate any of the proposed relationships. This study highlights how the ability to detach and separate family and professional domains is important and supports the health-impairment process of the Job Demands and Resources model through affective experiences.

ObjectiveTo analyze both parents' and adolescents' perspectives on work–family conflict (WFC) and enrichment (WFE) and its crossover to adolescent well‐being, via quality of parent–child relationships.BackgroundParents' work and family experiences are associated with parenting and may crossover to adolescent well‐being. Adolescents' outcomes and perceptions about parents' work–family balance have been disregarded, despite acknowledgment of adolescence as a crucial developmental period.MethodA convenience sample of 209 dual‐earner families including both couple members and their adolescent children (aged 13–18 years) participated. WFC, WFE, and parent–child relationship dimensions (coercion, autonomy support, and warmth) were addressed by both parents' and adolescent perspectives, while adolescent well‐being was assessed using children's report. A nested design and dyadic data analyses with SEM were used.ResultsMothers' WFC and both parents' WFE were significantly associated with the quality of the relationships with children, and only mothers' WFC was indirectly linked to the well‐being of adolescents. The perceptions of adolescents show that both parents' WFE was linked to the quality of the relationship with children, but only mothers' WFE was indirectly linked to the well‐being of adolescents.ConclusionThese findings emphasize adolescents' critical perspective over their parents' work–family interface and highlight the importance of considering multiple informants in research.ImplicationsPractitioners may use these findings to foster a sensible approach on how the work–family interface interferes with parent–adolescent relationship, diminishing strains rooted on parents' perspective. Discussion groups on work–family linkages and vocational programs that allow adolescents to think critically about their parents' work experiences and how it affects them.

ObjectiveTo analyze how the endorsement of motives for and against having children act at a dyadic level to predict childbearing intentions.BackgroundUnderstanding what leads individuals to have children is a topic of interest among family researchers and policy makers given that fertility rates have been decreasing in many countries. Most studies on this topic have not examined intentions about children as a dyadic process, yet most childbearing decisions occur within couple relationships.MethodUsing a convenience sample of heterosexual dual‐earner couples with (n = 100 couples) and without children (n = 60 couples), Actor‐Partner‐Interdependence‐Models were fitted to assess the linkages between motives and childbearing intentions.ResultsDifferent processes occur for parents and nonparents when formulating intentions to have a(nother) child. Compared to nonparents, parents are less concerned about potential changes in lifestyle or to their marital relationship, and worries about child development are subdued; rather, they are more focused on the potential emotional benefits of an additional child. In addition, partner effects were found solely in the parents' group: The more the partner perceived an additional child as enriching, the more the individual intended to have another child. Childless women were also particularly concerned about the costs of parenthood, and childless men were primarily driven by emotional enrichment motives.ConclusionIndividual attitudes and behaviors with regard to intentions for having a child tend to be affected by their partner's attitudes and behaviors toward the same. Thus, the family systems approach take here provides a more holistic understanding of couple and family decision‐making processes on this issue than is possible when only collecting data from individuals.ImplicationsFor parents, interventions aimed at enhancing communication and negotiation skills between couple members could foster a more shared and informed decision‐making process. Improving women's sense of control and mastery over the juggling of multiple roles may help reduce childless women's concerns about the costs of having children.

The links, interrelations or interferences of environmental problems and health hazards have been the object of a growing body of literature cutting across disciplines. Different directions of research have expanded and deepened our understanding of the way health and sustainability are co-constructed, and of the role of technological innovation, public policy and citizen action in facilitating and promoting the emergence of strategies for sustainable development that consider health as one of its structuring axes. Episodes of collective mobilization over environmental problems and their connections to health problems display the relevance of this issue. Three main themes can be identified at the roots of these episodes: the health impacts of waste management procedures; the need for a reorientation of public policies – including health policies – in order to incorporate environmental concerns as a main structuring axis; and the need for health to be explicitly incorporated into strategies and policies of sustainable development. The notion of «sustainable health» is proposed as a way of articulating this need.

This text discusses whether the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in Participatory Budgeting processes can promote more engaged forms of citizenship and democracy. The discussion is based on the analysis of a few examples from different countries, which show how the use of ICTs is framed by institutions. The inclusion of ICT in participation and decision-making processes can assume very different shapes. In some cases, they can be used within well-defined limits, as information tools or for monitoring the PB during the debate and the implementation phase; in other cases, a more advanced use of ICT potentialities can serve as support to political decision-making processes. The different examples presented in the text represent the different configurations that exist in the ambit of both "subordinate" and "coordinated" models of ICT use within democratic processes.

Résumé L'activité professionnelle de la femme a entraîné de nouvelles exigences au sein de la famille. Concilier les rôles familiaux et professionnels, par exemple, devient un problème plus sensible. Toutefois, pour définir ce qui est acceptable et souhaitable, les couples se réfèrent aux valeurs véhiculées par la société dans laquelle ils vivent, qui elles-mêmes influenceront les rôles et la répartition des tâches au sein de la famille. L'étude présentée ici examine les valeurs partagées par de jeunes couples européens ayant des enfants en bas âge. Elle compare l'adhésion à certaines valeurs culturelles de couples de neuf pays différents : l'Allemagne, l'Autriche, la Belgique, la Finlande, la France, l'Italie, les Pays-Bas, le Portugal et la Suisse. Ces pays se distinguent les uns des autres quant au style de valeurs culturelles dominant – égalitaire ou conservateur – et quant à l'homogénéité de l'adhésion des couples à ces styles culturels. Les couples suisses, allemands et hollandais partagent des styles culturels plus égalitaires, alors que les italiens et les portugais sont plus conservateurs. Les valeurs culturelles partagées par les couples de ces pays sont plus homogènes que celles des couples belges, français, finlandais ou autrichiens. L'analyse de certains facteurs sociaux aide à mieux comprendre ces différences.

Even though children are active agents in their own right they remain a vulnerable group dependent on adults to protect, support, nourish and educate them. In certain circumstances and for a myriad of reasons, some families' capacity to provide for and care for their children can be reduced or compromised, and as a result they require support and assistance in carrying out this fundamental function. Family Support is one way in which children's well being can be protected and promoted. However, the way in which this mode of support is conceptualised and operationalised can vary within and across jurisdictions. For instance, family support approaches can be framed by concerns about care or control, can take a child-based or parent-oriented perspective, and may be targeted or universal in terms in eligibility. This report is part of a wider programme of work which aims to provide an innovative conceptual framework relevant to the delivery of family support in Europe. In order to provide insight to this project, this document presents a review of recent academic literature which considers the ways in which formal family support is conceptualised, developed and delivered in the European context. This includes literature from member states of the European Union, and adjacent countries from the continent that have special relationships with the Union. Much of the literature in this review stems from the UK, but it also comes from Ireland, Spain, Portugal, Germany, Belgium, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Netherlands, France and Italy, as well as Cyprus and Croatia.

AbstractWork–family balance and child rearing are major social concerns. Few studies, however, have addressed how parents' work–family conflict (WFC) associates with children's emotion regulation. This study proposes the link to occur through parents' psychological availability (PA). In our model we tested both intraindividual and interindividual effects on a sample of 138 dual‐earner couples with preschool‐aged children. Our results showed that WFC related negatively to PA (actor and partner effects); fathers' and mothers' PA associated negatively with child lability and positively with child emotion regulation. Indirect effects were found for fathers' and mothers' WFC and children's emotion regulation and lability through partners' PA, controlling for child gender and temperament. These findings showed a dyadic pattern among couples' work–family balance, parenting, and children's emotion regulation.