Suchergebnisse

AbstractThis article aims to highlight the relevance of judicial trust in international courts, focusing on national judges' trust in the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU). EU scholars have put a great deal of effort into explaining how legal and political factors affect the use of preliminary references by national courts. However, there is still a gap in the literature on the development of trust as a functional principle encouraging co‐operation between national and international courts. This article explores the nature, causes and potentials of judicial trust for the EU judicial system. A theory is offered in the article, which links national judges' trust in the CJEU to their corporatist identification and profile, to their attitudes towards the EU, and to their beliefs about the CJEU's ability to provide decisions that: 1) offer a clear guidance on European Union law, and 2) will not undermine Member States' legal order.

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo determinar las bases del modelo de universidad pública surgido de las condiciones de la transición a la democracia y su relación con las políticas de reforma que se han sucedido desde entonces. El método empleado parte del análisis de la normativa legal junto a los debates parlamentarios, estudios e informes que durante el trámite legislativo y tras su puesta en práctica fueron elaborados por distintos organismos, además de diversas investigaciones, monografías y artículos científicos, prensa escrita y otros medios de comunicación. Las principales fuentes son de carácter legal y documental, haciendo uso de los testimonios recogidos en entrevistas realizadas a algunos responsables de la gestión de la vida universitaria. La conclusión principal es que la aplicación de la esencia de la democracia en el desarrollo de los principios de libertad y autonomía reconocidos en la Constitución española de 1978 en la universidad es válida para sus modelos de gobierno, pero necesita desarrollar sistemas capaces de garantizar la eficiencia en la gestión del conocimiento y en la toma de decisiones, que de acuerdo al ordenamiento constitucional permita transformarlas en instituciones de referencia capaces de garantizar la mejor formación, generación y aplicación del conocimiento como bases del futuro. ; This research aims at determining the basis of the model of public University emerged from the conditions of the transition to democracy and its relationship with the reform policies that have occurred since then. The method used is based on the analysis of the legislation along with the parliamentary debates, studies and reports that during the legislative procedure, and after its implementation, were carried out by various agencies. In addition to research, monographs and scientific articles, newspapers and other media were utilized. The main sources derive from legal and documentary nature, making use of the testimonies collected in interviews proposed to some responsibles for the management of University life. The application of the essence of democracy for the development of the ideas of freedom and autonomy recognized in the Spanish Constitution of 1978 at University as valid for their models of Government is the relevant conclusion; in addition, it needs to develop systems capable of ensuring efficiency in the management of the knowledge and in the decision-making. According to the constitutional system it could allow to transform them into institutions capable of ensuring the best training, the generation and application of knowledge as a basis for the future.

Las relaciones de dependencia entre el desarrollo de la ciencia, la estructura económica y los modelos de formación profesional son el objeto de este trabajo. Hacemos uso de los sistemas de ideas que sobre la ciencia y la tecnología han desarrollado la teoría económica y las disciplinas humanísticas. Desde ellas investigamos el contexto europeo en el que surge el sistema alemán de formación profesional y los hechos históricos más determinantes que contribuyeron a su creación. Damos cuenta de las bases legales y de la evolución normativa del modelo de Estado federal. Estudiamos su sistema educativo y las instituciones y modalidades donde se ubica la formación profesional y de la evolución a partir de su legislación. También del papel que diferentes instituciones –políticas, sociales y económicas– desempeñan en su desarrollo y regulación. El objetivo es valorar el lugar de la ciencia y la implicación de las empresas en la formación y en el contacto con la realidad de la tecnología por medio de su compromiso y participación responsable en el sistema educativo para mantener actualizado, en mutuo interés, el contenido y su estructura. ; The relationships of dependency between the development of science, economic structure and models of vocational training are the subject of this study. We make use of the ideas that over science and technology have developed the economic theory and the humanistic disciplines. From them it is investigated the European context in which the German system of vocational training emerges and the historical facts more determinants that contributed to its creation. We account for the legal bases and the normative evolution of the Federal State model. We study their educational systems and the institutions and modalities where evolution and professional training is located from their legislation. We also account for the role that different institutions –political, social and economic– they play in their development and regulation. The objective is to assess the place of science and the involvement of enterprises in training and in contact with the reality of the technology through its commitment and responsible participation in the educational system to keep updated, on mutual interest, the content and its structure.

The aim of this article is to bring together different legal, political science and sociological perspectives addressing the problem of Europeanization of national judiciaries. In that sense, this article provides an overview of several old aspects regarding the way and extent national courts/judges adapted to their role of European judges. Next to that, it is looked into the manner of and reasons behind judges' involvement in the process of EU legal integration, whereby a new research agenda is offered. For that purpose, new questions are raised and different empirical aspects are discussed concerning, for instance, courts compliance with EU law, the relevance of national judges' individual profiles (knowledge, attitudes and values) but also the role of institutions (networks) and legal systems in the process of Europeanization of judges.

Resumen basado en el de la publicación ; Título, resumen y palabras clave en español y en inglés ; Se determinan las bases del modelo de universidad pública surgido de las condiciones de la transición a la democracia y su relación con las políticas de reforma que se han sucedido desde entonces. El método empleado parte del análisis de la normativa legal junto a los debates parlamentarios, estudios e informes que durante el trámite legislativo y tras su puesta en práctica fueron elaborados por distintos organismos, además de diversas investigaciones, monografías y artículos científicos, prensa escrita y otros medios de comunicación. ; ESP

National Courts and EU Law examines both how and why national courts and judges are involved in the process of legal integration within the European Union. As well as reviewing conventional thinking, the book presents new legal and empirical insights into the issue of judicial behaviour in this process. The expert contributors provide a critical analysis of the key questions, examining the role of national courts in relation to the application of various EU legal instruments.

This insightful and discerning book offers a fresh discourse on the functioning of national courts as decentralised EU courts and a new thematic for revising some older understandings of how national judges apply EU law. Organised into three key sections, the interdisciplinary chapters combine approaches and theories originating from law, political science, sociology and economics. The first section addresses issues relating to judicial dialogue and EU legal mandates, the second looks at the topic of EU law in national courts and the third considers national courts' roles in protecting fundamental rights in the area of freedom, security and justice. The analysis of each is enriched through diverse research methods such as case-law analysis, citation network analysis, interviews, surveys and statistics. With its new legal and empirical assessment covering the newest member states of the EU, National Courts and EU Law will hold strong appeal for scholars and students in the fields of EU law, social sciences and humanities. It will also be of use to legal practitioners interested in the issue of judicial application of EU law