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This article explores the concept of "human security" as an academic & fledgling policy movement that seeks to place the individual -- or people collectively -- as the referent of security. It does this against a background of evolving transnational norms relating to security & governance, & the development of scientific understanding that challenges orthodox conceptions of security. It suggests that human security is not a coherent or objective school of thought. Rather, there are different, & sometimes competing, conceptions of human security that may reflect different sociological/cultural & geostrategic orientations. The article argues that the emergence of the concept of human security -- as a broad, multifaceted, & evolving conception of security -- reflects the impact of values & norms on international relations. It also embraces a range of alliances, actors, & agendas that have taken us beyond the traditional scope of international politics & diplomacy. As a demonstration of change in international relations, of evolving identities & interests, this is best explained with reference to "social constructivist" thought, in contradistinction with the structural realist mainstream of international relations. In a constructivist vein, the article suggests that empirical research is already building a case in support of human security thinking that is, slowly, being acknowledged by decisionmakers, against the logic of realist determinism. 46 References. Adapted from the source document.

"This book explains ways in which ecological science can be applied to solving some of the most crucial problems facing our world today. A major theme is how resources can be managed effectively and exploited in as near a sustainable manner as possible. The author draws together, in a single volume, major topics in environmental and resource management that traditionally have been dispersed amongst several different books. Applied Ecology starts with an analysis of our planet's basic natural resources - energy, water and soil; it moves on to the management of biological resources - fish, grazing lands and forests, and then to pest control and pollution; finally, the book tackles conservation and management of wild species and the restoration of ecological communities."

A number of international contributors emphasize the conceptual and practical challenges facing post-conflict societies and the international community in the management of the transition from civil conflict to peaceful coexistence.

Introduction : recovering from civil conflict / Edward Newman and Albrecht Schnabel -- Post-conflict peacebuilding and second-generation preventive action / Albrecht Schnabel -- 'Transitional justice' : the impact of transnational norms and the UN / Edward Newman -- The UN, peacekeeping and collective human security : from An agenda for peace to the Brahimi report / Sorpong Peou -- On the challenges and achievements of reforming UN peace operations / Jean-Marie Guehenno -- World Bank, NGOs and the private sector in post-war reconstruction / Vesna Bojicic-Dzelilovic -- Peace operations finance and the political economy of a way out / Jean Daudelin and Lee J.M. Seymour -- Post-conflict elections : constraints and dangers / Benjamin Reilly -- Current international civil administration : the need for political legitimacy / Sally Morphet -- Refugees and post-conflict reconstruction : a critical perspective / B.S. Chimni -- Demobilization, reintegration and peacebuilding in Africa / Kees Kingma -- Building peace after mass crimes / Beatrice Pouligny.

"This book considers and questions the modalities, effectiveness and controversies of the UN's work in promoting and assisting democracy. It examines if the UN can help to build the foundations of democracy and whether, as an 'external' actor, it can have a substantive positive impact upon the development of democratic governance inside societies." "Drawing upon discourse in political science and international relations, The UN Role in Promoting Democracy explores how the normative ideals of democracy interact with the realities of power in the international arena and in the societies in which the UN works. In so doing, this volume provides a timely analysis of the prospects and limitations of the UN's work in this area, and of the broader field of democracy promotion."--BOOK JACKET. Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved