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Front Cover -- Renewable Energy-Volume 2: Wave, Geothermal, and Bioenergy -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of contributors -- 1 Wave energy -- 1.1 Introduction and definition of wave energy -- 1.1.1 Introduction -- 1.1.2 Overview of wave energy resource -- 1.1.3 Harnessing energy from waves -- 1.1.4 Steps involved in harnessing wave energy -- 1.1.5 Challenges associated with evaluating wave energy converter performance -- 1.1.5.1 Capacity in the capture of energy -- 1.1.5.2 Dependability of concept -- 1.1.5.3 Zero harmful environmental impact -- 1.1.6 Conclusions -- References -- 1.2 Recent progress in wave energy -- 1.2.1 Introduction -- 1.2.2 Wave energy conversion systems -- 1.2.3 Power takeoff systems -- 1.2.4 Control systems -- 1.2.5 Energy storage systems -- 1.2.6 Conclusions -- References -- 1.3 Wave energy extraction technologies -- 1.3.1 Introduction -- 1.3.2 Wave energy converters -- 1.3.2.1 Point absorber -- 1.3.2.2 Overtopping -- 1.3.2.3 Attenuator -- 1.3.2.4 Oscillating wave surge -- 1.3.2.5 Oscillating water column -- 1.3.2.6 Submerged pressure differential -- 1.3.2.7 Rotating mass -- 1.3.3 Conclusions -- References -- 1.4 Case studies of wave energy -- 1.4.1 Introduction -- 1.4.2 Case studies -- 1.4.2.1 Asia -- 1.4.2.2 Australia -- 1.4.2.3 Africa -- 1.4.2.4 Europe -- 1.4.2.5 North America -- 1.4.2.6 South America -- 1.4.3 Conclusions -- References -- 1.5 Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats analysis of wave energy -- 1.5.1 Introduction -- 1.5.2 Strengths of wave energy -- 1.5.3 Weaknesses of wave energy -- 1.5.4 Opportunities related to wave energy -- 1.5.5 Threats -- 1.5.6 Conclusions -- References -- 1.6 Modeling and simulation of wave energy -- 1.6.1 Introduction -- 1.6.2 Wave energy converter simulator -- 1.6.3 WAMIT -- 1.6.4 NEMOH -- 1.6.5 ANSYS Fluent -- 1.6.6 ANSYS CFX -- 1.6.7 MATLAB® -- 1.6.8 Conclusions.

There have been few studies conducted on the problems facing higher education system in Libya. Recent research has shown that there is a significant gap in higher education levels. This means, there is an urgent need to address this by filling this gap, research focused the problem show that, the gap can be blamed on changes of systems and policies in the country. However much of the burden emanates from the rapid growth of learning institutions. University colleges have spread across Libya and a ban of foreign language in Libya has played a central role in stressing the higher education system. The paper aims to present a comprehensive insight with references to the higher education system in Libya and how policy and administration backed by political nuances have caused the current situation that has affected the quality of the education. The methods used in the paper include: literature review, policy document content analysis, quality assurance policies analysis. Research shows that there is a significant gap in higher education levels. This means, there is an urgent need to address this by filling this gap. The paper draws from a wide range research ideal recommendations and possible solutions for problems.