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It is increasingly argued that bargaining between citizens and governments over tax collection can provide a foundation for the development of responsive and accountable governance in developing countries. However, while intuitively attractive, surprisingly little research has captured the reality and complexity of this relationship in practice. This book provides the most complete treatment of the connections between taxation and accountability in developing countries, providing both new evidence and an invaluable starting point for future research. Drawing on cross-country econometric evidence and detailed case studies from Ghana, Kenya and Ethiopia, Wilson Prichard shows that reliance on taxation has, in fact, increased responsiveness and accountability by expanding the political power wielded by taxpayers. Critically, however, processes of tax bargaining have been highly varied, frequently long term and contextually contingent. Capturing this diversity provides novel insight into politics in developing countries and how tax reform can be designed to encourage broader governance gains

Taxation has been seen as the domain of charisma-free accountants, lawyers and number crunchers – an unlikely place to encounter big societal questions about democracy, equity or good governance. Yet it is exactly these issues that pervade conversations about taxation among policymakers, tax collectors, civil society activists, journalists and foreign aid donors in Africa today. Tax has become viewed as central to African development. Written by leading international experts, Taxing Africa offers a cutting-edge analysis on all aspects of the continent's tax regime, displaying the crucial role such arrangements have on attempts to create social justice and push economic advancement. From tax evasion by multinational corporations and African elites to how ordinary people navigate complex webs of 'informal' local taxation, the book examines the potential for reform, and how space might be created for enabling locally-led strategies. The eBook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC 3.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com.

Intro -- Front Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- About the Authors -- Abbreviations -- Chapter 1. Introduction -- Tax Compliance: A Persistent Challenge -- Traditional Approaches to Tax Reform -- Toward a Holistic Tax Reform Framework: Integrating Tax Morale and Trust -- Organization of This Report -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 2. Direct Taxes on Individuals and Households -- The Tax Compliance Challenge -- Barriers to Reform -- Reform Progress-and Future Options -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 3. Taxing High-Net-Worth Individuals -- The Tax Compliance Challenge -- Barriers to Reform -- Reform Progress-and Future Options -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 4. Taxing Corporate Income -- The Tax Compliance Challenge -- Barriers to Reform -- Reform Progress-and Future Options -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 5. Taxing SMEs -- The Tax Compliance Challenge -- Barriers to Reform -- Reform Progress-and Future Options -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 6. Taxing at the Local Level -- The Tax Compliance Challenge -- Barriers to Reform -- Reform Progress-and Future Options -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7. The Tax and Technology Challenge -- The Tax and Technology Challenge -- Barriers to Reform -- Reform Progress-and Future Options -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 8. Conclusion -- A Framework for Tax Reform -- Navigating the Politics of Reform -- Building Trust to Underpin Successful Reform -- Tailoring Reform to Local Contexts: Binding Constraints Analysis -- Conclusion -- Note -- References -- Boxes -- Figures -- Tables -- Back Cover.

1.Why does tax matter? --2.A new tax era in Africa? --3.Is Africa the victim of global forces? --4.What can Africa do in the face of international tax challenges? --5.Extractives and extraction: taxing oil, gas and minerals --6.Taxing at national level: rising to the challenge? --7.Small taxes and large burdens: informal and subnational revenues --8.Does taxation lead to improved governance? --9.The way forward.