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The efforts of the international community to build peace in Sudan have been frustrated by the failure to stop the violence in Darfur, continuous setbacks in the implementation of the 2005 peace agreement, and a failure to remain sufficiently engaged with processes at the root of the violence. This applies particularly to local conflicts and the ways in which they interlock with national and regional conflicts. This paper highlights the role that land issues have played both in poverty generation and in driving and sustaining protracted conflict. The challenge is to take the current complexity into account, not by perceiving local conflict dynamics as merely a manifestation of macro-political cleavages, but as being motivated by both top-down and bottom-up agendas. As Sudan is drifting towards increasing fragmentation, an approach to peace-building is required that can address multiple arenas and sources of conflict in a much more integrated way than has been the case so far.

Introduction: Sudan's durable disorder / Gunnar M. Sørbø and Abdel Ghaffar M. Ahmed --. - The post-secession state in Sudan : building coalitions or deepening conflicts? / Atta El-Battahani --. - Islamism and the Sudanese state after Darfur : soft state, failed state, or "black hole state"? / Abdelwahab El-Affendi --. - The National Congress Party and the "Second Republic" : internal dynamics and political hegemony / Einas Ahmed --. - Sudan after the South's secession : issues of identity / Peter Woodward --. - Oil and politics in Sudan / Alsir Sidahmed --. - Changing dynamics in the borderlands : emergence of a third Sudan? / Abdel Ghaffar M. Ahmed --. - Six years after the eastern Sudan peace agreement : an assessment / Munzoul Assal --. - Darfur after Doha / Jérôme Tubiana --. - Conflict and nation building : lessons for Darfur from South Sudan / M. A. Mohamed Salih --. - Back to war in Sudan : flawed peace agreement, failed political will / Guma Kunda Komey --. - Shifting loyalties and ethnic violence : the case of the Fulbe in Southern Blue Nile / Elhadi Ibrahim Osman

"Knowledge and rigorous evidence around the role of external development partners in situations of conflict and fragility is still lacking. There is little accountability for the billions in aid being spent in places like Afghanistan, Iraq and the Democratic Republic of Congo.This book analyses evaluation theory and practice in order to help fill this knowledge gap and advocates a realistic and rigorous approach to evaluating international engagement. Through a series of case studies, this book highlights both the promise, and potential pitfalls, of taking a more evaluative approach to understanding aid in conflict regions. These illustrate the methodological and analytical approach taken by researchers working to understand the results and effectiveness of conflict prevention and peacebuilding support. While well-grounded in current theoretical and methodological debates, the book provides valuable practical information by examining how and why different choices were made in the context of each evaluation. The book shows what future steps may be envisaged to further strengthen evaluations of support for conflict prevention and peacebuilding. The analysis draws on a wealth of perspectives and voices to provide researchers and students in development studies and conflict and peace studies as well as development evaluators with a deep and broad understanding of evaluation methods and approaches. "--