Suchergebnisse

"This book critically explores the political ecology of human marginalization, wildlife conservation and the role of the state in politicizing conservation frameworks, drawing on examples from forests in India. The book specifically demonstrates the nuances within human-environmental linkages, by showing how environmental concerns are not only ecological in content, but also political. In India a large part of the forests and their surrounding areas were inhabited far before they were designated as protected areas and inviolate zones, with the local population reliant on forests for their survival and livelihoods. Thus, socio-ecological conflicts between the forest dependents and official state bodies have been widespread. This book uses a political ecology lens to explore the complex interplay between current norms of forest conservation and environmental subjectivities, illustrating contemporary articulation of forest rights and the complex mediations between forest dependents and different state and non-state bodies in designing and implementing regulatory standards for wildlife and forest protection. It foregrounds issues of identity, migration and cultural politics while discussing the politics of conservation. Through a political ecology approach, the book is not only human-centric but makes significant use of the role of non-humans in foregrounding the conservation discourse, with a particular focus on tigers. This book will be of great interest to students and academics studying forest conservation, human-wildlife interactions and political ecology"--

Introduction: Understanding Regional Political Framings of Environmental Conflicts in India -- Heritage or Basic Human Rights? Politics of Environmentalism Surrounding the Adi Ganga in Kolkata -- The Opportunities and Challenges of Transboundary Conservation: Solutions in Adaptive Management -- Riverbank Erosion and Inter-Community Relationships in Majuli: Political Implications of a Changing Landscape in Assam -- A Regional Political Ecology of the Changing Cityscape and the Crisis of Conservation of the East Kolkata Wetlands (EKW), India -- Land Ownership and Ecological Knowledge Production from a Gender and Power Dynamics Perspective in a Village in Nagaland -- Political Ecology of Natural Resource Governance in Chhattisgarh, India: Critical Ethnographic Reflections on the Vulnerable Livelihoods of the Scheduled Tribes in Bastar.

"This book focuses on the regional political ecologies (RPEs) of environmental conflicts in India. It explores broadly, landscape-based analyses of political, economic and social issues, which impact environmental changes, challenges and conflicts at local and micro-local levels. The chapters in this volume examine the intervention of different stakeholders in the management of various regional ecological landscapes in India, including forests, rivers, canals, creeks and wetlands. The volume is an interdisciplinary endeavour, weaving together contextual narratives through a combination of approaches from sociology, anthropology, geography, political studies and environmental history. Using such core approaches, the book studies the place-based dynamisms within the regional environmental conflicts in the selected conservation landscapes. It provides empirical reflections on transboundary issues, rural-urban transitions, middle-class environmentalism, identity conflicts, decentralized natural resource management and the role of political institutions. Regional Political Ecologies and Environmental Conflicts in India will be of great interest to students and scholars of Political Ecology and South Asian Environmental Studies"--

Abstract We document the economic and socio-cultural vulnerability of a forest-dependent community inhabiting the forest fringe island of Satjelia in the Indian Sundarban. Using simple artisanal methods, they have practiced traditional livelihoods like fishing and collecting wild honey from the forests for more than a century. Despite having established cultural integrity and traditional occupations, this group is not indigenous, and are therefore treated as 'others' and 'settlers.' An ethnographic study describes these various forms of livelihoods and the ways that threatens local subsistence. We also document the bureaucratic and hierarchical structure of protected area (PA) management, showing it has little or no accommodation of this community's local traditional knowledge. Finally, we ask whether there is any scope for integrating 'non-indigenous' environmental knowledge, for a more egalitarian transformation of socio ecological relations within these communities. Keywords: Conservation, conflict, indigenous, political ecology, Sundarban, traditional livelihoods

Abstract We document the economic and socio-cultural vulnerability of a forest-dependent community inhabiting the forest fringe island of Satjelia in the Indian Sundarban. Using simple artisanal methods, they have practiced traditional livelihoods like fishing and collecting wild honey from the forests for more than a century. Despite having established cultural integrity and traditional occupations, this group is not indigenous, and are therefore treated as 'others' and 'settlers.' An ethnographic study describes these various forms of livelihoods and the ways that threatens local subsistence. We also document the bureaucratic and hierarchical structure of protected area (PA) management, showing it has little or no accommodation of this community's local traditional knowledge. Finally, we ask whether there is any scope for integrating 'non-indigenous' environmental knowledge, for a more egalitarian transformation of socio ecological relations within these communities. Keywords: Conservation, conflict, indigenous, political ecology, Sundarban, traditional livelihoods

China has constituted the most significant source of the incremental growth in global oil demand over the last decade, adding around 5 million b/d between 2000 and 2012. This is expected to continue well into the future: the International Energy Agency (IEA) estimates that China will account for more than 40 per cent of the increase in oil demand to 2035. A big part of that growth story has related to diesel, which has assumed a growing importance in the energy production and consumption of the world's fastest growing emerging market economies. Fuelled by trade and investment, China's growth has strongly supported diesel demand over the last decade. The dominant position of diesel in commercial freight traffic, be it by truck or rail, has made it the fastest-growing demand component. In China, the government mandate requiring all trucks to be fuelled by diesel by 2010 simply accelerated the already rising momentum of diesel demand growth. Further, diesel demand received an extra boost from power problems that led to greater use of diesel as a back-up fuel. In 2004, 2008, and 2010, power shortages during the winter months together with periods of government power rationing (to achieve environmental targets) contributed to buoyant diesel demand. The heavy industrial and mining sectors –such as coal, ship building, steel, and cement – that rely heavily on diesel, boomed throughout the 2000s. It is thus hardly a surprise that diesel was the backbone of Chinese oil demand growth, to the extent that Chinese oil demand growth was synonymous with diesel demand growth.