Suchergebnisse

Users of social networks have a variety of social statuses and roles. For example, the users of Weibo include celebrities, government officials, and social organizations. At the same time, these users may be senior managers, middle managers, or workers in companies. Previous studies on this topic have mainly focused on using the categorical, textual and topological data of a social network to predict users' social statuses and roles. However, this cannot fully reflect the overall characteristics of users' social statuses and roles in a social network. In this paper, we consider what social network structures reflect users' social statuses and roles since social networks are designed to connect people. Taking an Enron email dataset as an example, we analyzed a preprocessing mechanism used for social network datasets that can extract users' dynamic behavior features. We further designed a novel social network representation learning algorithm in order to infer users' social statuses and roles in social networks through the use of an attention and gate mechanism on users' neighbors. The extensive experimental results gained from four publicly available datasets indicate that our solution achieves an average accuracy improvement of 2% compared with GraphSAGE-Mean, which is the best applicable inductive representation learning method.

Cover -- Half Title -- Dedication -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- 1 Introduction -- 2 State Population Control Policies and Reproductive Rights -- 3 Value Systems and Reproductive Rights -- 4 Women's Health Movements and Reproductive Rights -- 5 Overview of Rights in Classical and Contemporary Sociological Theories -- 6 Explanations of Reproductive Rights -- 7 Methodology -- 8 Analyses and Results -- 9 Post Hoc Modeling of Women's Reproductive Rights -- 10 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- Appendices -- Index.

Public policies in a pluralistic society should be able to clarify and cope with the complicated nature of public issues dominated by multiple parties, multiple values, and subjective judgment. Therefore, instead of merely concluding with the outcome, we should also take input into account when evaluating resource allocation or assessing policy effectiveness. This research adopted fairness measurement approach of the Information Integration Theory (IIT) to analyze Cijin Seaside Park and Tamsui Fisherman's Wharf in Taiwan, and conducted procedural justice for policy-making. This dimension of procedural justice was based on the designs of input and outcome; the input was policy support and the outcome used the level of administrative cooperation as an assessment indicator. Twenty local merchants and twenty tourists were purposively sampled from each site. The study results indicated that the local merchants in both Cijin Seaside Park and Tamshi Fishers' Wharf fit the unequal-weight averaging rule of policy support factor. They also fit the unequal-weight averaging rule of the administrative cooperation factor. As for the tourists, those in both Cijin Seaside Park and Tamshi Fishers' Wharf fit the unequal-weight averaging rule of policy support factor. Also, they fit the unequal-weight averaging rule of the administrative cooperation factor.

Kaohsiung City is a special municipality in Southern Taiwan. The difference between northern and southern cities in terms of public investments, industrial structures, and social perspectives has been a problem in Taiwan because talented people keep moving from the south to the north. The difference in cognition of government's allocation of policy resources between professional civil servants and the general public demonstrates the conflict between "public opinion" and "professionalism". This study adopted the social judgment theory (SJT) to examine the cognition of individuals affected by policy resource allocation regarding the allocation of policy resources made by the Government of Kaohsiung City. The SJT is applicable to real-world circumstances in the field of judgment and analysis. The research result indicated that the affected individuals were concerned that the government lost its focus when allocating policy resources. Obscure schemes and plans for policymaking and election-oriented decision making significantly impact government allocation of policy resources. The essential problem of policy resource allocation in Kaohsiung City is that although the supply of resources is higher than the demand, the types of resources do not meet the requirements of the demand.

A measure with satisfactory psychometric properties to address if stress is eustress or distress remains undeveloped in the cultural context of China. Thus, we revised and validated a Chinese version of the Eustress–Distress Psychological Response Scale (CEDPRS), examining the
structure and indicators of eustress and distress with 1,079 undergraduate students in China. We found that the CEDPRS is best explained using a 2-factor second-order model comprising psychological responses to eustress and distress. Indicators of psychological responses to eustress included
hope, meaningfulness, positive affect, and sense of control; responses to distress included anxiety, negative affect, meaninglessness, loss of control, and anger/hostility. We found that the CEDPRS is a valid and reliable measure in the Chinese context, thus providing empirical support for
its use in assessing Chinese people's eustress and distress simultaneously from the individual's psychological response to the same stressor.

Previous scholars have demonstrated that implementation intentions have positive effects on exercise self-efficacy and exercise behaviors; however, others have found little evidence to support these results. Task difficulty has been deemed a key factor that may contribute to these discrepant
findings. Therefore, we examined the effects of implementation intentions on exercise self-efficacy and exercise behavior under different task difficulty conditions. High school students (N = 90; 48 young women and 42 young men) were randomly assigned to 3 groups to receive different kinds
of intervention (i.e., control group, goal intentions group, and implementation intentions group) and then were asked to hold the Navasana yoga posture under either high-difficulty or low-difficulty conditions. The results lend support to the assumption that implementation intentions help
improve exercise self-efficacy and exercise behavior among high school students. The effects of implementation intentions were robust and independent of task difficulty.