Suchergebnisse

"The impetus for so many decisions about British foreign policy comes from a desire to maintain lieutenant rank in the Washington hierarchy. But British leaders and defence specialists tend to dislike seeing Britain framed by American power. A great effort is required to clear away the build-up of irrelevant, nostalgic detritus around 'Global Britain'. Stevenson looks at the infrastructure of a US world order re-energised by Russia's invasion of Ukraine and fits the UK into the picture without the usual euphemisms"--

Departure: Towards a Psychology of Travel -- Directions of travel: Cognition, Wayfinding and how to avoid getting lost -- Influencers and trip advisors: A Social Psychology of travel -- Travel fever: A worrying World of Fear, Phobia and Anxiety -- Hedonism and Self-Improvement: How does Travel make us Happier? -- Unforgettable journeys: Nostalgia, Homesickness and other Travel Memories -- Culture Shocks and Border Crossings; Travel and Intercultural Encounter -- Detour: Psychogeography and the Art of Slow Travel -- Where do we go from here? Travel in an Age of Eco-Anxiety.

"This accessible introductory text offers an engaging and thought-provoking discussion of class in relation to several cultural, sociological and political schools of thought and draws upon the works of a broad range of key theorists as well as contemporary thinkers to restate the ongoing importance of class as a sociological concept. Class has long been a key focus of sociological and political studies. This book explores what it might mean today in a 21st century context. Is class really disappearing? Is class morally justifiable? What impact has globalisation and neoliberalism had on the restructuring of class-based social relationships? These questions and others are explored in this short but lively book. Stevenson reviews a number of normative traditions including anarchist, Marxist, social democratic and citizenship-based forms of understanding of class in order to shed light on the themes of class-based experiences, health and inequality, work, class struggle, social movements and the possibility of developing more egalitarian and just societies in the future. This short book will be invaluable to general readers and students in the humanities and social sciences seeking an accessible introduction to the central problems raised by discussions of class in the 21st century"--

Overseas military bases have been the bedrock of the United States' ability to project military power, exert political influence and deter potential adversaries since the Second World War. But fatigue with America's forever wars', as well as more nuanced financial and strategic reasons, has inclined the public and policy community to favour reducing US global military activities and overseas presence. In this Adelphi book, Jonathan Stevenson argues that this desire does not necessarily translate into sound strategy. Overseas bases are a key element of the reassurance required to resurrect and bolster America's reputation among its allies and adversaries. Meanwhile, strategic imperatives and geopolitical realities impose restraints in every theatre. The fluidity prevailing in the Middle East and Indo-Pacific counsels maintaining forward-deployed forces there at roughly the current level. Russia's confrontational posture towards NATO and invasion of Ukraine, as well as NATO's short- and medium-term reliance on US capabilities, require the American presence in Europe to increase and expand eastward. The US should not commit itself to a foreign policy that is heavy on forward-deployed military power and light on diplomacy. But paradoxically, reducing forward military presence may not be consistent with a policy that is less focused on military power as a means of achieving stability and security.

Overseas military bases have been the bedrock of the United States' ability to project military power, exert political influence and deter potential adversaries since the Second World War. But fatigue with America's forever wars', as well as more nuanced financial and strategic reasons, has inclined the public and policy community to favour reducing US global military activities and overseas presence. In this Adelphi book, Jonathan Stevenson argues that this desire does not necessarily translate into sound strategy. Overseas bases are a key element of the reassurance required to resurrect and bolster America's reputation among its allies and adversaries. Meanwhile, strategic imperatives and geopolitical realities impose restraints in every theatre. The fluidity prevailing in the Middle East and Indo-Pacific counsels maintaining forward-deployed forces there at roughly the current level. Russia's confrontational posture towards NATO and invasion of Ukraine, as well as NATO's short- and medium-term reliance on US capabilities, require the American presence in Europe to increase and expand eastward. The US should not commit itself to a foreign policy that is heavy on forward-deployed military power and light on diplomacy. But paradoxically, reducing forward military presence may not be consistent with a policy that is less focused on military power as a means of achieving stability and security.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Original Title Page -- Original Copyright Page -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction -- Table of Contents -- 1. Stigma and Need -- Recent History -- The Stigma of Claiming Benefit -- Stigma at the Local Level -- The Attitudes of Officials -- The 'Whole Man'-A 'Blasphemous Abstraction'? -- Creative and Proportional Justice -- Public Assistance in the USA -- The Interaction of Needs -- Social Security and Welfare -- The SBC and Welfare Detection and Referral -- Social Control -- 2. The Exercise of Discretion -- Discretion in Public Administration -- Discretion in the Supplementary Benefits Scheme -- Positive Discretion -- Negative Discretion -- The Four Week Rule -- The Cohabitation Rule -- The Principle of Discretion -- Limitations on Discretion -- Social Workers and Supplementary Benefits Discretion -- The Publication of Discretionary Powers -- Discretionary Powers in Social Work -- Casework and Financial Discretion -- Who Should Exercise Discretion? -- Removal of Positive Discretion from the SBC -- Social Worker's Recommendations -- Social Work within the SBC -- 3. The Structure and Organisation of the Supplementary Benefits Administration -- Local Offices -- Executive and Clerical Officers -- Senior Local Office Officials -- The Visiting of Claimants -- The Hierarchy -- The Evolution of Policy -- The Supplementary Benefits Commission -- The Social Work Adviser -- Specialization -- Special Welfare Officers -- Liable Relative Officers -- Special Investigators -- Unemployment Review Officers -- 4. Voluntary Unemployment I-The Claimants -- Definitions -- The Significance of the Problem -- The Statutory Responsibilities of the SBC -- Economic Incentives -- The Wage Stop -- Social and Psychological Factors -- Attitudes to Work -- 'Inadequacy' -- Mental Illness -- Physical Symptoms.

Lord Amherst's diplomatic mission to the Qing Court in 1816 was the second British embassy to China. The first led by Lord Macartney in 1793 had failed to achieve its goals. It was thought that Amherst had better prospects of success, but the intense diplomatic encounter that greeted his arrival ended badly. Amherst never appeared before the Jiaqing emperor and his embassy was expelled from Peking on the day it arrived. Historians have blamed Amherst for this outcome, citing his over-reliance on the advice of his Second Commissioner, Sir George Thomas Staunton, not to kowtow before the emperor. Detailed analysis of British sources reveal that Amherst was well informed on the kowtow issue and made his own decision for which he took full responsibility. Success was always unlikely because of irreconcilable differences in approach. China's conduct of foreign relations based on the tributary system required submission to the emperor, thus relegating all foreign emissaries and the rulers they represented to vassal status, whereas British diplomatic practice was centred on negotiation and Westphalian principles of equality between nations. The Amherst embassy's failure revised British assessments of China and led some observers to believe that force, rather than diplomacy, might be required in future to achieve British goals. The Opium War of 1840 that followed set a precedent for foreign interference in China, resulting in a century of 'humiliation'. This resonates today in President Xi Jinping's call for 'National Rejuvenation' to restore China's historic place at the centre of a new Sino-centric global order.

Introduction: Preparing for the MPRE -- Conflicts of interest : introduction -- The client-lawyer relationship -- Litigation and other forms of advocacy -- Competence, legal malpractice, and other civil liability -- Client confidentiality : Rule 1.6 -- Law firms and associations -- Maintaining the integrity of the profession -- Communications about legal services -- Different roles of the lawyer -- Transactions and communications with persons other than clients -- Rule 1.15 : safekeeping property -- The code of judicial conduct.