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This report examines the conditions of appointment and termination of departmental secretaries in the APS and considers the impact of these conditions on: the secretaries themselves; the potential pool from which secretaries are drawn; and the likely continuing influence on the way in which the APS operates.The report is based on reviews of the literature on the appointments of departmental secretaries and of the legislative changes made in the last decades. It also draws from a series of interviews with 20 past and present secretaries. The interviews were conducted in October and December 1996, after a number of secretaries had been terminated by the new government but in most cases before the government paper on public service reform was releasedThe report is divided into two main sections: the first section analyses the changing conditions of service and tenure, the appointment and termination of secretaries and pay and conditions; the second section analyses the impact of the changes under three headings and explores the future implications.

How policy processes relate to the city is the subject of this paper. We argue that the way in which cities are perceived by policy makers does make a difference to the policy approach adopted in planning for cities. In conventional 'relativist' approaches the nature of the city itself is not a prime consideration in policy formation or implementation but merely a complex site where diverse policies intersect. In this model policy design is related to criteria other than location. By contrast, if the city is seen as having an essential character then the policy design is likely to be spatially sensitive. The paper explores urban policy during the Hawke-Keating years and, in particular, the 'integrated' approach to city planning advanced by Minister Brian Howe as an example of an essentialist understanding of the city. Despite some competition from the new managerialism within the public sector, we conclude that the integrated approach offered some important reforms in urban policy design.

Road pricing is not a new concept - toll roads have existed in Australia since Governor Macquarie established one from Sydney to Parramatta in 1811 - and distance-based charging schemes have been trialled and implemented with varying success overseas. But how would full market reform of roads look in a federation like Australia? In its responses to the 2016 Australian Infrastructure Plan and the 2015 Competition Policy Review, the Australian Government explicitly supported investigating cost-reflective road pricing as a long-term reform option, and has committed to establishing a study chaired by an eminent Australian to look into the potential impacts of road pricing reform on road users. The challenges we face in this space are manifold and complex, and we still have a long road ahead of us. However, with advocacy for reform coming from interest groups as diverse as governments, private transport companies, peak industry bodies, policy think tanks and state motoring clubs, there is now more support than ever before for changing the way we provide for and fund our roads. This book seeks to advance the road reform agenda by presenting some of the latest thinking on road pricing and provision from a variety of disciplinary approaches - researchers, economists and public sector leaders. It stresses the need for reform to ensure Australians can enjoy the benefits of efficient and sustainable transport infrastructure as our population and major metropolitan cities continue to grow. Traffic congestion is avoidable, but we must act soon. The works presented here all point to the need for change - the expertise and the technology are available, and the various reform options have been mapped out in some detail. It is time for the policy debate to shift to how, rather than if, road reform should progress

Public sector executive development in the Asia-Pacific: different contexts but similar challenges / Andrew Podger -- Developing leadership and building executive capacity in the Australian public services for better governance / Peter Allen and John Wanna -- Civil service executive development in China: an overview / Yijia Jing -- Building capacity: a framework for managing learning and development in the Hong Kong Police Force / S. Chan and Joseph Wong Wing-ping -- Building executive capacity in the Japanese Civil Service / Hiroko Kudo -- Innovating training and development in government: the case of South Korea / Pan Suk Kim -- Civil service training the Macau government / Pauline Lai Pou San -- Building executive capacity in the public service for better governance: the Philippine Civil Service / Alex B. Brillantes Jr and Maricel T. Fernandez-Carag -- Milestone programs for the administrative service in the Singapore Public Service / James Low -- Senior civil service training in Taiwan: current concerns and future challenges / Su Tsai-Tsu and Liu Kun-I.

Predictable and unpredictable challenges continually confront the policy settings and policy frameworks of governments. They provide a constantly changing dynamic within which policy-making operates. Governments at all levels are asking their public services to identify innovative and workable reforms to anticipate and address these challenges. Public service leaders around the world are struggling not only to better anticipate emerging demands but also to address reform backlogs. However, time and time again, major policy reforms can prove tough to implement – especially in turbulent environments – and even tougher to anchor over time. This leads to considerable uncertainty and inefficiency as governments and policy communities try to keep pace with change. Policies that unravel or are dismantled are costly and represent wasted opportunities. They lead to cynicism about the effectiveness of governments and public service advice more generally, making it more difficult to deal with other emerging challenges. This volume of proactive essays on delivering policy reform offers an intriguing blend of strategic policy advice and management insight. It brings together a diverse range of highquality contributors from overseas as well as from Australia and New Zealand – including national political leaders, public service executives, heads of independent agencies, and leading international scholars.

Road pricing is not a new concept - toll roads have existed in Australia since Governor Macquarie established one from Sydney to Parramatta in 1811 - and distance-based charging schemes have been trialled and implemented with varying success overseas. But how would full market reform of roads look in a federation like Australia? In its responses to the 2016 Australian Infrastructure Plan and the 2015 Competition Policy Review, the Australian Government explicitly supported investigating cost-reflective road pricing as a long-term reform option, and has committed to establishing a study chaired by an eminent Australian to look into the potential impacts of road pricing reform on road users. The challenges we face in this space are manifold and complex, and we still have a long road ahead of us. However, with advocacy for reform coming from interest groups as diverse as governments, private transport companies, peak industry bodies, policy think tanks and state motoring clubs, there is now more support than ever before for changing the way we provide for and fund our roads. This book seeks to advance the road reform agenda by presenting some of the latest thinking on road pricing and provision from a variety of disciplinary approaches - researchers, economists and public sector leaders. It stresses the need for reform to ensure Australians can enjoy the benefits of efficient and sustainable transport infrastructure as our population and major metropolitan cities continue to grow. Traffic congestion is avoidable, but we must act soon. The works presented here all point to the need for change - the expertise and the technology are available, and the various reform options have been mapped out in some detail. It is time for the policy debate to shift to how, rather than if, road reform should progress.