Policy designs for adaptive governance of disruptive technologies: the case of facial recognition technology (FRT) in China
In: Policy design and practice: PDP, Band 6, Heft 1, S. 27-40
ISSN: 2574-1292
In: Policy design and practice: PDP, Band 6, Heft 1, S. 27-40
ISSN: 2574-1292
In: Policy design and practice: PDP, Band 7, Heft 1, S. 1-16
ISSN: 2574-1292
In: Journal of Asian public policy, Band 15, Heft 2, S. 165-174
ISSN: 1751-6242
In: Policy and society, Band 41, Heft 1, S. 129-142
ISSN: 1839-3373
Abstract
In an era of digitalization, governments often turn to digital solutions for pressing policy issues, and the use of digital contact tracing and quarantine enforcement for COVID-19 is no exception. The long-term impacts of the digital solutions, however, cannot be taken for granted. The development and use of data tools for pandemic control, for example, may have potentially detrimental and irreversible impacts on data governance and, more broadly, society, in the long run. In this paper, we aim to explore the extent to which COVID-19 and digital contact tracing have led to policy change in data governance, if at all, and what the implications of such change would be for a post-COVID world. We compare the use of contact tracing and monitoring applications across mainland China, Hong Kong, and Singapore to illustrate both the enormous benefits and potential risks arising from the design of contact tracing applications and the involvement of stakeholders in the various stages of the policy cycle to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. We argue that, while COVID-19 has not changed the nature of issues, such as public trust in data governance, the increasing involvement of big tech in data policies, and data privacy risks, it has exacerbated those issues through the accelerated adoption of data technologies.
In: Regional studies: official journal of the Regional Studies Association, Band 57, Heft 7, S. 1303-1317
ISSN: 1360-0591
In: Journal of Asian public policy, Band 15, Heft 2, S. 266-283
ISSN: 1751-6242
SSRN
Working paper
In: Public administration review: PAR, Band 79, Heft 4, S. 580-590
ISSN: 1540-6210
AbstractThis article introduces four innovations to the literature on administrative corruption. First, it employs a neo‐patrimonialism framework by addressing measurement, identification, and endogeneity issues that beset the literature. Second, unlike cross‐country studies, it uses firms as the unit of analysis. Third, unlike the conventional literature, the article uses large‐n (n = 8,436) panel survey data of key informants in 17 countries in sub‐Saharan Africa. Finally, unlike the conventional literature, the article focuses on a particular type of corruption: the supply and demand for bribery. The authors find that the uncertainty associated with neo‐patrimonialism has a strong, positive, and significant effect on the propensity of civil servants to demand bribes in exchange for services and for firms to supply bribes in exchange for winning government contracts. The results are robust to controls on the characteristics of firms and their regulatory environments. The article concludes with implications for research and practice.
In: Studies in the political economy of public policy
1: Policy Capacity: Conceptual Framework and Essential Components; Wu Xun, M Ramesh and Michael Howlett -- Part I -- Conceptual and Measurement Issues -- 2: Policy Capacity in Public Administration; B. Guy Peters -- 3: Policy Analytical Capacity: The Supply and Demand for Policy Analysis in Government; Michael Howlett -- 4: Measuring Policy Capacity through Governance Indices; Kris Hartley and Jingru Zhang -- 5: Measuring Policy Analytical Capacity for the Environment: A Case for Engaging New Actors; Angel Hsu -- Part II -- Theoretical and Empirical Issues -- 6: Innovation and the State: Towards an Evolutionary Theory of State Capacity; Erkki Karo and Reiner Kattel -- 7: The Role of Analysts in Public Agencies: Toward an Empirically Grounded Typology; Karol Olejniczak, Paweł Śliwowski and Rafał Trzciński -- 8: Policy Analytical Practice Investigated: Exploring Sectoral Patterns in Use of Policy Analytical Techniques; Ellen Fobé, Valerie Pattyn and Marleen Brans -- 9: Government's Credible Accountability and Strategic Policy Capacity: Evidence from the Asian NICs of Taiwan, South Korea, Malaysia, and Singapore; Fiona Yap -- 10: Does Political Legitimacy Matter for Policy Capacity? A Cross-National Study of Perceived Legitimacy; Honorata Mazepus -- 11: Interest Groups and Policy Capacity: Modes of Engagement, Policy Goods and Networks; Carsten Daugbjerg, Bert Fraussen and Darren Halpin -- Part III -- Case Studies -- 12: Building Organizational Political Capacity through Policy Learning: Communicating with Citizens on Health and Safety in the UK; Claire A. Dunlop -- 13: Exploring Capacity for Strategic Policy Work: Water Policy in Australia; Yvette Bettini and Brian Head -- 14: Philanthropic Foundations in the City Policy Process: a Perspective on Policy Capacity from the United States; Madeleine Pill -- 15: Policy Capacity within a Federation: The Case of Australia; Scott Brenton -- 16: Dynamic Mechanisms for Resolving Collective Incidents in China: A Policy Capacity Analysis; Jieren Hu, Guoqin Wang and Jingyan Fei -- 17: Policy-Related Expertise and Policy Work in Czech Political Parties: Theory and Methods; Martin Polasek, Vilém Novotny, and Michel Perottino -- 18: The Dynamic Nature of Policy Capacity: Internet Policy in Italy, Belarus and Russia; Nina Belyaeva.
"This book focuses on governance and management issues in the much publicized 'Ganga Rejuvenation Project', led by the Indian Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi. Attempts over the past three decades to clean up and rejuvenate one of the world's greatest rivers have proved futile. The major reasons for the lack of success are absence of long-term planning, poor co-ordination and failure to sustain whatever little infrastructure for water and sewage treatment could be developed. Focusing on these broad aspects, the book explores spaces for better governance through active community participation, knowledge management, prospects of Public-Private-Partnership, e-governance, youth education, waterfront development, lessons from past failures, comparative international analogies, utilization of external aid and global expertise in successful implementation of a sustainable long-term plan for a river basin's integrated development of both the economy and environment. A host of activities, such as, improving pollution monitoring systems, new development plans for tourism enhancement; river dredging and sewering riparian cities are already being carried in the hope of quick results. The Government of India has also appointed a task force for preparation of a long-term strategy. However, substantial knowledge gaps persist especially with regard to governance. This book aims to address the governance and policy issues and will be a very timely contribution to cleaning as well as rejuvenating Ganga, a river that is lifeline of millions of people."--
In: Routledge textbooks in policy studies
Introduction: managing the policy process -- Agenda setting -- Policy formulation -- Decision-making -- Policy implementation -- Policy evaluation -- Agenda for policy management : structuring and influencing the policy process -- Further readings -- References
In: Global policy: gp, Band 8, Heft S2, S. 110-116
ISSN: 1758-5899
AbstractHealth insurance reform for rural China is at a crossroads. The achievements of recent reform initiatives appear remarkable as measured by coverage through the New Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS); yet there is little evidence that NCMS has made major strides toward improving the financial protection of health care for the rural population. Our assessment suggests that the system may become trapped in a vicious cycle of increases in government subsidies and resulting cost escalations in health care due to strategic responses among health care providers, a factor that hitherto has been largely overlooked. We argue that to improve the sector's overall performance, a thorough reform is needed to change provider payment incentives. Attention should also be directed to strengthening the ability of government agencies to manage health insurance funds effectively through their roles as purchasers and third‐party payers.
In: Public administration and development: the international journal of management research and practice, Band 37, Heft 2, S. 94-109
ISSN: 1099-162X
SummaryDecentralization reforms rarely live up to the high hopes and expectations of the reformers for a variety of reasons rooted in actions and omissions of the governments pursuing it or in the context in which it is undertaken. The paper examines the experience of Zhejiang Province where decentralization was successful in achieving and indeed exceeding initial expectations. The remarkable feature of its reforms was 'performance‐based' decentralization wherein localities showing superior performance were awarded additional autonomy at a faster speed while the rest were given additional support to build their capacity for assuming more responsibility in the future. To understand the effects of this unique pattern of decentralization, the paper compares the performance of participating and non‐participating counties under five waves of reforms between 1992 and 2008, based on indicators such as gross domestic product, industrial output and local government revenue. It finds that performance‐based decentralization not only helped overcome the problem of capacity deficits but also fostered capacity in weaker counties to assume more autonomy in the future. The paper confirms that speed and sequence of transfer of autonomy and responsibilities to local governments are as important as the content of decentralization. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In: Policy and society, Band 35, Heft 2, S. 115-123
ISSN: 1839-3373
Recent research on policy-making under uncertainty in the water sector has contributed to our understanding of types and sources of uncertainty as well as to the development of tools and approaches to manage uncertainty. This paper reviews the literature and identifies several strands of systematic bias, notably an emphasis on natural sources of uncertainty over human sources; a tendency to treat sources of uncertainty as independent and a corresponding neglect of interaction between sources; and a focus on tools to reduce or contain uncertainty rather than to accommodate it. The papers in this issue contribute to overcoming these biases.
In: Yang , W & Wu , X 2016 , ' Providing comprehensive health insurance coverage in rural China : a critical appraisal of the New Cooperative Medical Scheme and ways forward ' , Global Policy .
Health insurance reform for rural China is at a crossroads. The achievements of recent reform initiatives appear remarkable as measured by coverage through the New Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS). Yet there is little evidence that NCMS has made major strides toward reducing the financial risks of health care for the rural population. We argue that to improve the overall performance of the NCMS, more attention should be directed to improve insurance benefit package, strengthen the roles of government agencies as purchasers and third-party payers, reforming provider payment methods, as well as to establish a fiscal redistribution mechanism to reduce inequities in health financing arising from different regions of the country. Our critical assessment also points to the danger that this system may be trapped in a vicious cycle of increases in government subsidies and resulting cost escalations in health care due to strategic responses among health care providers, a factor that hitherto has been largely overlooked.
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