Suchergebnisse

В данной работе проанализировано 6 судебных актов с целью выявления проблем квалификации, а также способы их устранения. Целью данной статьи является выявление трудностей, возникающих в процессе квалификации и способы их решения. В статье анализируется объективная сторона преступлений, предметом которых являются наркотические средства, психотропные вещества, их прекурсоры или аналоги. Статья обладает научной ценностью и новизной. Посвящена вопросам, связанным с противодействием незаконному обороту наркотиков, в том числе путем совершенствования научной и правой мысли. Теоретическая значимость исследования заключается в том, что при подготовке работы проведен анализ теоретических разработок в области уголовного законодательства РФ. Исследованы проблемы квалификации преступлений, связанных с незаконным оборотом наркотических средств, а также выявлены спорные вопросы квалификации преступлений, предусмотренных статьей 228 Уголовного Кодекса РФ. В работе применялись формально-логический, системно-структурный, сравнительно-правовой и иные методы исследования. Результатом работы является вывод о необходимости введения и разграничения понятий хранение наркотического средства или психотропного вещества, а также перевозка наркотического средства или психотропного вещества. Вывод: Рассмотренные проблемы и сформированные на их основе проекты совершенствования норм могут стать базой для будущего изучения в рамках усовершенствования уголовного законодательства РФ в сфере преступлений, связанных с оборотом наркотических средств и психотропных веществ. Содержащиеся в исследовании выводы и рекомендации, кроме того, могут быть использованы при изучении учебных курсов по уголовному праву. ; In this article there are analyzed 6 judicial acts in order to identify qualification problems, as well as ways to eliminate them. The purpose of this article is to identify the difficulties encountered in the qualification process and how to solve them. The article analyzes the objective side of crimes, the subject of which is narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, their precursors or analogues. The article has scientific value and novelty. Dedicated to issues related to combating drug trafficking, including by improving scientific and legal thought. The theoretical significance of the study lies in the fact that during the preparation of the work, an analysis of theoretical developments in the field of criminal legislation of the Russian Federation was carried out. The problems of qualification of crimes related to illicit drug trafficking are investigated, as well as controversial issues of qualification of crimes provided for in Article 228 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation are revealed. The work used formal-logical, system-structural, comparative-legal and other research methods. The result of the work is the conclusion that it is necessary to introduce and differentiate the concepts of "storage of a narcotic drug or psychotropic substance", as well as "transportation of a narcotic drug or psychotropic substance". Conclusion: The problems considered and the projects for improving the norms formed on their basis can become the basis for future study in the framework of improving the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of crimes related to the circulation of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. In addition, the findings and recommendations contained in the study can be used in the study of training courses on criminal law.

В статье исследуются особенности актуального понятия имидж офицера войск национальной гвардии. После образования войск национальной гвардии в обществе до конца не сформировался образ военнослужащих и офицеров, выполняющих задачи по сохранению целостности государства, охране общественного порядка, защите граждан при проведении массовых мероприятий. Существует необходимость развивать в обществе положительный имидж войск правопорядка как гаранта сохранения порядка в стране. Большая ответственность лежит на офицерах войск, принимающих важные управленческие решения. Грамотное руководство подчиненными невозможно без регуляции собственного поведения, особенно в конфликтных и экстремальных ситуациях. В условиях провоцирования военнослужащих к совершению неправомерных действий обладание устойчивостью у офицеров поможет осуществить контроль своей деятельности и своевременно выполнить предупредительные мероприятия в отношении подчиненных. Анализ исследований подтвердил важность обладания данным состоянием. Иностранные авторы уделяют внимание обособленности военной организации и важности подготовки квалифицированных кадровых офицеров, способных принимать взвешенные и оптимальные решения при руководстве подчиненными, рассматривается значимость обладания стрессоустойчивостью к негативным факторам при выполнении деятельности. Отечественные авторы указывают на важность развития личности офицера, привитие корпоративной культуры, способствующей эффективному взаимодействию и повышению престижа военной службы. В ходе проведения опроса среди офицеров войск национальной гвардии устойчивость к информационным провокациям обозначена как неотъемлемый компонент имиджа офицера войск правопорядка. Анализ полученных данных позволил определить возможности развития устойчивости к информационным провокациям. Наиболее продуктивными в этом процессе могут стать разработка и проведение курса занятий, направленного на развитие устойчивости к информационным провокациям офицеров с последующей апробацией и включением в военно-политическую подготовку воинских частей и подразделений войск национальной гвардии. ; The article examines the features of the current concept of image of an officer of the National Guard troops. After the formation of the National Guard troops, the image of military personnel and officers who perform tasks to preserve the integrity of the state, protect public order, and protect citizens during mass events was not fully formed in society. There is a need to develop a positive image of the law enforcement forces in society as a guarantor of maintaining order in the country. A lot of responsibility lies with the officers of the troops making important managerial decisions. Competent management of subordinates is impossible without regulation of their own behavior, especially in conflict and extreme situations. In the context of provoking military personnel to commit unlawful actions, possessing stability among officers will help to monitor their activities and timely carry out preventive measures against subordinates. The analysis of research confirmed the importance of possessing this state. Foreign authors pay attention to the isolation of the military organization and the importance of training qualified personnel officers who are able to make balanced and optimal decisions when leading subordinates, the importance of possessing stress resistance to negative factors in the performance of activities is considered. Domestic authors pay attention to the importance of developing the officer's personality, instilling a corporate culture that contributes to effective interaction and increasing the prestige of military service. During a survey among officers of the National Guard troops, resistance to information provocations is indicated as an integral component of the image of the law enforcement officer. Analysis of the obtained data made it possible to determine the possibilities of developing resistance to information provocations. The most productive in this process may be the development and conduct of a training course aimed at developing resistance to information provocations of officers, followed by testing and inclusion in military-political training of military units and units of the national guard troops.

The article considers the legislative and regulatory acts that specify the tasks in the implementation of breeding processes. The results of the creation, variety testing, patenting and introduction of grape varieties and clones into the State Register of the Russian Federation for 2010–2020 are presented. The article analyzes the relationship between the indicators of industrial development with the production volumes of planting material, the use of domestic varieties that are included in the State Register of the Russian Federation. The characteristic of ampelographic collections – the genetic resources of grapes – is given. A comparative analysis of many years' worth of data on the assessment of the adaptive potential of domestic varieties and introduced varieties is presented. The article describes domestic varieties, from which premium wines are produced, which not only competes with European varieties, but also surpasses the organoleptic properties and biochemical parameters of grape must and wine material. The main problems hindering the wide demand for domestic varieties on the market, including a substantial amount of imported European varietal planting material, are described. The necessity of accelerating breeding processes is actualized, modern methods are identified, including those of generative and genomic selection, transgenic technologies, cellular, mutational, and clone selection, and priority areas in breeding are presented. The numerical and qualitative analyses of the composition of breeding scientists is given, the trends of increasing the number and qualitative composition of breeders, the influx of young people, the growing need for training qualified personnel are noted. The number of bachelor's, master's and post-graduate students specializing in viticulture in general and in selection in particular as well as the number of defended dissertation studies on grape breeding has been found to be insufficient. The main scientific and practical problems in the organization and implementation ...

Статья посвящена профессионально ориентированному взаимодействию будущих военных летчиков на иностранном языке. Цель исследования выделить принципы профессионально ориентированного взаимодействия военных летчиков и дать определение этому понятию с учетом общения военных летчиков на иностранном языке. Применялись теоретико-методический анализ литературы, систематизация и обобщение. Представлены особенности профессии военных летчиков; выделены две группы принципов, отражающие ее специфику. Первая группа (принципы ситуативности, аутентичности, учета трудностей профессиональной коммуникации при ведении радиообмена, регламентированности радиообмена) отражает практический опыт, требования международной организации гражданской авиации и характер ведения радиообмена. Профессия военного летчика не ограничивается только рамками ведения радиообмена, летчику необходимо осуществлять взаимодействие в профессиональной области с представителями иностранных государств, поэтому вторая группа принципов (учета профессионально ориентированной лексики, культурологический принцип или принцип диалога культур) отражает характер профессионально ориентированного взаимодействия на иностранном языке как для военных летчиков, так и для представителей другой профессии. Рассмотренные принципы дают ориентиры в подготовке будущих специалистов. ; The article is devoted to the professional interaction of future military pilots in a foreign language. The author studied the works of various authors devoted to the problem of interaction in the professional sphere. The article gives a definition of the concept of professionally oriented interaction. The purpose of the study is to highlight the principles of professional interaction of military pilots. Having studied the features of the profession of military pilots, the author singled out two groups of principles that reflect the specific features of this profession. The first group of principles (the principle of situationality, the principle of authenticity, the principle of taking into account the difficulties of professional communication in the conduct of radio exchange, the principle of regulation of radio exchange) reflects practical experience, the requirements of the international civil aviation organization and reflects the specifics of radio exchange. The profession of a military pilot is not limited only by the framework of radio exchange, the pilot needs to interact in the professional field with representatives of foreign states. The article defines another group of principles (the principle of taking into account the professionally oriented vocabulary, the culturological principle or the principle of the dialogue of cultures), which reflects the specifics of professionally oriented interaction in a foreign language for both military pilots and representatives of another profession. All the principles set forth in the article lay the norms and rules in the professional activity of the future specialist and determine the benchmark in the training of future specialists.

Media coverage analysis of the four most important federal laws is carried out. These legislative initiatives - "The law on the protection of children", "Lugovoi's law", "Russian SOPA" and the "Blogger law" regulate legal relations in the Russian segment of the Internet. The research shows that Russian and foreign media reaction to these laws is sharply negative and quite similar. The author assumes that there are various reasons for this assessment. The Russian media see these laws as the violation of fundamental freedoms of speech and expression and regard them as the tool of censorship and suppression of opposition. The situation is quite natural, because the legal field of Internet regulation in Russia is now at the initial stage and legislators sometimes react too rigidly to the rapidly changing reality and growing influence of the virtual space, while foreign media direct their criticism primaryly to the Russian political regime, using it as the tool of information warfare and pressure on the world public opinion.

The article examines some aspects of contemporary English-speaking media space in the context of virtual reality (VR). The emergence of such media platform as VR headsets has led to new forms of delivering news and formation of immersive journalism. The purpose of the article is to examine the benefits of virtual technologies and their contribution to user involvement in narrative. Also to study the most relevant and prospective news stories for such new media space. And to scrutinize the potential problems journalists encounter during their work in virtual reality. The New York Times and The Guardian are one of the first major media brands to put in practice VR and 360 videos as a new storytelling platform. The vast majority of news stories are not suited for VR. It should be used to amplify stories that are suited to its strong point - putting a viewer in the scene. Places that are hard to get to or where people are scarcely likely to travel or where turning head side-toside is indispensable. There is no point in using spherical video if all the action is front and centre as it occurs in political debate. The benefit of shooting events in virtual reality is that it allows audience to rediscover new elements each time they watch it that they may have put out of account before. One potential future area could be to capture historical events so that we can do comprehensive analysis in the future tense. VR presents opportunities, but also brings up serious ethical dilemmas about representation, privacy, intellectual property and media effects. VR journalists may manipulate the viewer by designing virtual worlds for specific deliberate outcome. The second issue is cost and complexity of producing VR media. The post-production step for stitching is incredibly time-consuming and laborious. The slowest step in the spherical-video workflow is stitching together the files from multiple cameras. Virtual reality has the potential to reinforce storytelling by offering the audience experience and environment that are out of reach in terms of location: life in a refugee camp or in Fukushima after a devastating earthquake and tsunami caused a meltdown at a nuclear power plant, or travelling to Paris after the terrorist attacks that occurred on Friday 13 November 2015. But we have to draw attention to the other side of new digital technologies when users perceive virtual objects as authentic physical space, which leads to false impressions and memories. It is also worth mentioning that virtual reality project is not a separate single story, but a part of complex narratives that are conveyed across multiple platforms which can be classified as transmedia storytelling. ; Рассматриваются некоторые аспекты современного англоязычного медиапространства в контексте виртуальной реальности. Появление такой медиаплатформы, как VR-очки, определило новый формат подачи контента, а также привело к рождению иного вида журналистики - иммерсивной. На примере материалов «The New York Times», авторы которых являются первооткрывателями данного направления, показаны преимущества виртуальных технологий и как они способствуют усилению вовлеченности пользователя в нарратив. Рассмотрены, какие новостные сюжеты являются наиболее релевантными и перспективными для данной новой среды. В то же время автор статьи обращает внимание на то, что у новой технологии существует и оборотная сторона: виртуальный мир воспринимается реципиентом как аутентичная коммуникативная деятельность, в результате которой происходит подмена реальностей, формирование ложных впечатлений и воспоминаний. Кроме того, медиаспециалисты поднимают вопрос о профессионально-этических нормах журналистского поведения в данной области. Отмечается, что проекты виртуальный реальности - это не одиночный проект, а часть составного информационного продукта, трансмедийного повествования.

This paper describes one of the frequency ways of presenting the quality of goods and services - using the superlative degree of adjectives. The features of this quality presentation method are analized, subspecies of indications of high quality are distinguished: with the help of the synthetic form of an adjective that includes elative and superlative forms, as well as analytical and complex forms. The high efficiency of the elativate form is proved in comparison with the superlative one, and the possible variants of using the considered method of presenting quality in relation to the current legislation on advertising are given. About 150 texts of advertising messages of various commercial organizations (from microbusiness to large federal corporations) were used as the material for this article. Conclusions about the high efficiency of the described method of presenting the quality of goods and services were made. Moreover, recommendations for using this method in commercial advertising were proposed. ; В данной работе описывается один из частотных способов презентации качества товаров и услуг - с помощью превосходной степени имён прилагательных. Анализируются особенности указанного способа презентации качества, выделяются подвиды указания на высокое качество: с помощью синтетической формы прилагательного, включающей в себя элятивные и суперлативные формы, а также аналитической и сложной форм. Доказывается большая эффективность элятивной формы по сравнению с суперлативной, а также приводятся возможные варианты употребления рассматриваемого способа презентации качества в их соотношении с действующим законодательством о рекламе. Материалом для статьи послужили тексты рекламных сообщений коммерческих организаций различного масштаба: от микробизнеса до крупных корпораций федерального уровня. С помощью сплошной выборки рассмотрены около 150 рекламных текстов. Сделаны выводы о высокой эффективности описываемого способа презентации качества товаров и услуг и предложены рекомендации к использованию данного способа в коммерческой рекламе.

The article considers the image of Russia formed by western mass media with the help of various journalistic techniques and stylistic resources. The image of Russia is formed by western mass media through the analysis of her political-economic situation, home affairs, reforms, and the leading figures in politics and economics. The thematic unlimited range of the questions discussed by modern western mass media defines the use of various technologies of forming the required image. Among such techniques of forming the image of Russia are the contrast between the future and present of the country, subtle criticism and objection under superficial consent (the so-called fly in the ointment), a consistent and undoubtedly deliberate input of the negative factual information into the structure of the text, doubt about the reliability of a personality, the opposition of seeming and true realities, and others. The stylistic resources used for forming the image of Russia involve emotionally colored words, neutral and expressive means, verbal collocations and metaphorical expressions, epithets, repetitions, antithesis, insertions and others. The topicality of the subject discussed makes the journalists look for the ways of expressing their negative, seldom positive attitude towards Russia as well as of making a skillfully veiled impact on the readers' mind to receive specific responses.

The article reviews the interaction between Standard Scottish English and Scots in various spheres of communication. Special attention is given to the linguistic status of Scots and historical and political factors that have shaped the current linguistic situation in Lowland Scotland. ; В статье рассматриваются особенности взаимодействия литературного шотландского английского и скотс в различных коммуникативных сферах. Особое внимание уделяется вопросу лингвистического статуса скотс и историко-политическим факторам, сформировавшим современную языковую ситуацию в равнинной Шотландии.

В статье рассматриваются основные проблемы эффективности центральной исполнительной власти современной России. Анализируются предпосылки недостаточной организованности системы, а также основные проблемы, с которыми столкнулась на данном этапе административная реформа. Кроме того, рассматриваются возможные перспективы реформы и повышения эффективности государственного управления в России. Делается вывод, что наибольшего эффекта реформа государственного управления может достичь только в рамках масштабной реорганизации всей политической системы. ; The article considers basic problems of efficiency of central executive power in modern Russia. Author examines a prerequisite of insufficient organization of the system, as well as the main problems arisen at this stage of administrative reform; the possible prospects of this reform and improving state administration in Russia are also analyzed. The author concludes that state administration reform can achieve the greatest effect only within a major reorganization of political system.

This thesis considers philanthropic activities directed towards new mothers and destitute children both "at home" and in a particular colonial context. Philanthropic encounters in Birmingham and Sydney are utilised as a lens through which to explore the intersections between discourses of race, gender and class in metropole and colony. Moreover, philanthropic and missionary efforts towards women and children facilitate a broader discussion of ideas of citizenship and nation. During the period 1860 to 1914 the Australian colonies federated to become the Australian nation and governments in both Britain and Australia had begun to assume some responsibility for the welfare of their citizens/subjects. However, subtle variations in philanthropic practices in both sites reveal interesting differences in the nature of government, the pace of transition towards collectivism, as well as forms of inclusion and exclusion from the nation. This project illuminates philanthropic and missionary men and women, as well as the women and children they attempted to assist. Moreover, the employment of "respectable" men and women within charities complicates the ways in which discourses of class operated within philanthropy. Interactions between philanthropic and missionary men and women reveal gendered divisions of labour within charities; the women and children they assisted were also taught to replicate normative (middle-class) gendered forms of behaviour. Specific attention is paid to the ways in which race impacted upon philanthropic activities: throughout the experiences of Aboriginal women and children on mission stations interweave with white women and children's experiences of philanthropy in Birmingham and Sydney. Comparisons of philanthropic efforts towards white and Aboriginal women and children highlights the "whitening" of philanthropy in the colony of New South Wales and the existence of a differentiated philanthropy. Discourses of race were also crucial to philanthropic practices in Birmingham, which strove to create good subject/mothers and citizen/children for the British nation.

"Editorials from the 'Union guide' of Houston, Texas, 1911-12." ; Mode of access: Internet.

A CAJM journal article. ; Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria parasitaemia and anemia in nursery and primary school children and correlate parasite density with haemoglobin levels. Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Samples were collected from children attending the Saint Theresa's bilingual school and the Government Primary school, Buea, South West Province, Cameroon. Subjects: 297 nursery and primary school children two to 11 years old selected based on parental consent. Main Outome Measures: Relationship between asymptomatic malaria and anaemia. Results: The prevalence of asymptomatic malaria in children was 30.3%. Parasite prevalence and density was independent of age and sex (p>0.05). The mean haemoglobin level for parasitaemic children was 11.9g/dl (±SD1.1) compared with 12.1g/dl (±1.2) for non-parasitaemic children. The difference was not significant (t=1.918, p>0.05). Anaemia when present was mild. No correlation was found between malaria parasite density and haemoglobin levels (r=-0.065; p>0.05). Conclusion: Asymptomatic malaria was accompanied by low grade parasitaemia, which did not seem to have a significant effect on haemoglobin levels.

During the last decades, the EU has actively encouraged and pursued the digitalisation of European procedures at various levels (e.g. use of technology in court proceedings, dedicated online portals, digital handling of European procedures). In building an EU e-justice system to facilitate and support cross-border litigation, law and technology need to be properly assembled in a common system interconnecting national and European systems. This paper explores the complexity digitisation of cross-border procedures involves and the coevolution of the components on which such an e-justice system rely. In this process, the European uniform procedures – the European Order for Payment and the European Small Claims Procedure – have been used to test the possibilities of full digital handling of procedures as they can support the use of electronic communication means at various stages of the proceedings. Developing an EU e-justice system is not without problems as digitisation is a complex process that can facilitate as well as limit access to justice. The interaction between the requirements of law and technology has a major effect for the complexity the system needs to handle. The e-Justice Portal and the e-CODEX tests also reveal the difficulty of interaction between multiple legal and institutional frameworks as well as different national e-justice architectures. In this process of building an EU e-justice system, complexity and evolvability of law and technology have to be considered in order to allow the adaptation of the system over technical developments and legislative amendments. This analysis seeks to address the importance of these aspects in the architecture of a sustainable and reliable cross border e-justice system.

Many authors have narrated how new information and communication technologies enable people to collaborate and organize without central oversight or authorities. Such accounts often contrast open and self-organizing communities with rigid, hierarchical and introverted bureaucracies. While open and self-organizing communities thrive on the Internet, it is conceivable that this is not because they are fundamentally different from classic bureaucracies or oligarchies, but only because they are in the early stages of their development. This research concerns a case study on perhaps the most paradigmatic open and self-organizing community: Wikipedia. Did Wikipedia, during its evolution, remain open and self-organizing, or did it develop into a hierarchical bureaucracy? I derived hypotheses from Max Weber's theory on bureaucratization, and Robert Michels's theory on power concentration in order to systematically examine if and how these classical sociological theories could help explain the development of open and self-organizing communities. I conclude that Wikipedia does not exhibit tendencies of oligarchization; and that it is subject to ongoing bureaucratization. Over time, Wikipedia does exhibit various instances of centralization of its governance. Partly, these are the emergent consequence of self- organizations, as those volunteers who are more strongly engaged in the project, gain more authority. Besides that, I found instances in which Wikipedia's informal representatives and its formal supportive organization, the Wikimedia Foundation, demand or appropriate the discretion to intervene in the course of the project's self-organization, with the intent to sustain the organization and to realize its ambitions. These tendencies of centralization and power concentration do not seem to be instigated by a self-concerned and conservative elite, and these do not seem to be as deterministic as Michels portrays them, as these are, in various cases, successfully mitigated or counteracted by the platform's