Suchergebnisse

This essay examines for the first time the three editions, from 1891, 1895, and 1900, of Solovyov's collected poetry from the point of view of their internal organization and relationship. The task posed is the identification and description of the most important components of the poetry book, which are present in all three editions and contribute to an understanding of the author's conception as it was realized in the books under consideration. To fulfill this task the comparative and descriptive methods of analysis are used. The evolution of the author's artistic consciousness is described on the basis of the collected editions of Solovyov's poetry, his epistolary heritage, and the research of contemporary scholars. The different levels of the author's dialogue with the reader, with critics, as well as with poets and writers are highlighted. The author outlines the ways of researching the examined theme. In particular, the chronological order of the development of Solovyov's lyrical books, as well as the definite recurrence of the separate lyrical components in each of the three books, is shown. We see that the content of the author's three prefaces determines their function in the structure of the poetry books. The special role of critical works, included by the author in the third edition, in shaping the structure of the book of poems, as well as their relation with the foreword, is emphasized. The author concludes with genre renewal of art forms to solve new aesthetic tasks. Solovyov's aspiration to realize the life-creative conception within the framework of work on three lifetime editions is affirmed. In conclusion, the author substantiates the idea that the presented editions in their unity are a transitional genre form, which corresponds to the poet's individual artistic searching and which establishes the literary trends of the turn of XIX–XX centuries.

This paper proves that British Euroscepticism is not just a consequence of the peculiarities of the current political situation but the result of the centuries-old specific attitude of Great Britain to Europe as the other sociocultural space different in many senses from the United Kingdom. The roots of this attitude can be found in the English Reformation of the 16th century which rigidly opposed "British" Protestantism to "European" Catholicism. Several examples of historical events that have aggravated this religious and cultural rift are given. As a result, the British vision of Europeans shared by political elites as people with a different way of life, habits and traditions resulted in a sceptical attitude towards European integration and Britain's participation in it. The statements of famous British politicians regarding European integration and participation of Great Britain in it are cited to confirm the vision of Europe as "the Other" by the political elites of the United Kingdom. It is argued that British Euroscepticism is largely determined and inspired by cultural exceptionalism. Therefore, special attention is paid to the analysis of the British version of cultural Euroscepticism.

The article considers the legislative and regulatory acts that specify the tasks in the implementation of breeding processes. The results of the creation, variety testing, patenting and introduction of grape varieties and clones into the State Register of the Russian Federation for 2010–2020 are presented. The article analyzes the relationship between the indicators of industrial development with the production volumes of planting material, the use of domestic varieties that are included in the State Register of the Russian Federation. The characteristic of ampelographic collections – the genetic resources of grapes – is given. A comparative analysis of many years' worth of data on the assessment of the adaptive potential of domestic varieties and introduced varieties is presented. The article describes domestic varieties, from which premium wines are produced, which not only competes with European varieties, but also surpasses the organoleptic properties and biochemical parameters of grape must and wine material. The main problems hindering the wide demand for domestic varieties on the market, including a substantial amount of imported European varietal planting material, are described. The necessity of accelerating breeding processes is actualized, modern methods are identified, including those of generative and genomic selection, transgenic technologies, cellular, mutational, and clone selection, and priority areas in breeding are presented. The numerical and qualitative analyses of the composition of breeding scientists is given, the trends of increasing the number and qualitative composition of breeders, the influx of young people, the growing need for training qualified personnel are noted. The number of bachelor's, master's and post-graduate students specializing in viticulture in general and in selection in particular as well as the number of defended dissertation studies on grape breeding has been found to be insufficient. The main scientific and practical problems in the organization and implementation ...

Статья посвящена профессионально ориентированному взаимодействию будущих военных летчиков на иностранном языке. Цель исследования выделить принципы профессионально ориентированного взаимодействия военных летчиков и дать определение этому понятию с учетом общения военных летчиков на иностранном языке. Применялись теоретико-методический анализ литературы, систематизация и обобщение. Представлены особенности профессии военных летчиков; выделены две группы принципов, отражающие ее специфику. Первая группа (принципы ситуативности, аутентичности, учета трудностей профессиональной коммуникации при ведении радиообмена, регламентированности радиообмена) отражает практический опыт, требования международной организации гражданской авиации и характер ведения радиообмена. Профессия военного летчика не ограничивается только рамками ведения радиообмена, летчику необходимо осуществлять взаимодействие в профессиональной области с представителями иностранных государств, поэтому вторая группа принципов (учета профессионально ориентированной лексики, культурологический принцип или принцип диалога культур) отражает характер профессионально ориентированного взаимодействия на иностранном языке как для военных летчиков, так и для представителей другой профессии. Рассмотренные принципы дают ориентиры в подготовке будущих специалистов. ; The article is devoted to the professional interaction of future military pilots in a foreign language. The author studied the works of various authors devoted to the problem of interaction in the professional sphere. The article gives a definition of the concept of professionally oriented interaction. The purpose of the study is to highlight the principles of professional interaction of military pilots. Having studied the features of the profession of military pilots, the author singled out two groups of principles that reflect the specific features of this profession. The first group of principles (the principle of situationality, the principle of authenticity, the principle of taking into account the difficulties of professional communication in the conduct of radio exchange, the principle of regulation of radio exchange) reflects practical experience, the requirements of the international civil aviation organization and reflects the specifics of radio exchange. The profession of a military pilot is not limited only by the framework of radio exchange, the pilot needs to interact in the professional field with representatives of foreign states. The article defines another group of principles (the principle of taking into account the professionally oriented vocabulary, the culturological principle or the principle of the dialogue of cultures), which reflects the specifics of professionally oriented interaction in a foreign language for both military pilots and representatives of another profession. All the principles set forth in the article lay the norms and rules in the professional activity of the future specialist and determine the benchmark in the training of future specialists.