跨文化哲学中当代儒学: 政治哲学 : Contemporary Confucianism in cross-cultural philosophy ; : Political philosophy
In: Dang dai ru xue yan jiu cong kan 32
In: 當代儒學研究叢刊 32
In: Dang dai ru xue yan jiu cong kan 32
In: 當代儒學研究叢刊 32
In: Guo wu yuan fa zhan yan jiu zhong xin yan jiu cong shu. 2017
In: 国务院发展研究中心研究丛书. 2017
Preliminary Material -- Section One: Selected Primary Sources /Ying Liu , Zhongping Chen and Gregory Blue -- Section Two: Scholarly Publications – Academic Books /Ying Liu , Zhongping Chen and Gregory Blue -- Section Three: Scholarly Publications – Book Reviews /Ying Liu , Zhongping Chen and Gregory Blue -- Section Four: Scholarly Publications – Articles and Book Chapters /Ying Liu , Zhongping Chen and Gregory Blue -- Section Five: Selected Popular Books /Ying Liu , Zhongping Chen and Gregory Blue -- Section Six: Selected Popular Articles /Ying Liu , Zhongping Chen and Gregory Blue -- Section Seven: Scholarly Sources in Other Formats /Ying Liu , Zhongping Chen and Gregory Blue -- Author Index /Ying Liu , Zhongping Chen and Gregory Blue -- Subject Index /Ying Liu , Zhongping Chen and Gregory Blue.
Huai-nan Tzu (139BC) was viewed, for its great diversity of subject-matter, ideas and style, by traditional Chinese scholars as a composite work of the Eclectic School. It is the author's contention, however, that one overriding concern pervades the work: the attempt to define the essential conditions for a Taoist political utopianism.The present study emphasizes Chapter Six of Huai-nan Tzu in expounding the theory of kan-ying STIMULUS-RESPONSE; RESONANCE, which postulates that all things in the universe are interrelated and influence each other according to pre-set patterns. Only in the True Man, who is 'one with Tao' and 'attuned to the cosmos', does kan- ying attain its ultimate realization, 'the Great Peace' and 'the Great Merging'. After all,' concludes the author, ' it is in Huai-nan Tzu that we find the statement' "The relation of the Sage to Tao is like the relation of the sunflower to the sun; although they cannot be together all the time, the fidelity of their tendency never wavers." ; published_or_final_version
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In: CNKI dian zi tu shu ku
In: CNKI电子图书库 : CNKI eBooks
Currently about 11,000 academic Chinese titles published in recent years are available in fulltext to CrossAsia users via the CNKI eBook portal. Subjects covered are Literature/History/Philosophy (哲学与人文科学), Politics/Military Affairs/Law (政治军事法律), Education & Social Siences (教育与社会科学), Economics & Management (经济与管理科学), and Traditional Chinese Medicine (中医学与中药学). Titles can be browsed by subject or publisher and searched by title, author, abstract, table of content or full text. A selection of titles is licensed permanently. All titles can be found in the CrossAsia search and the licensed titles in addition in the EAD electronic catalogue (crossasia.stabikat.de). Ebooks with fulltext access can be previewed and read online, and downloaded as PDF (with searchable full text).
In: Analecta Gregoriana 331
In: Premio Bellarmino 2020
The formidable task accomplished by the members of the (jing-jiao) or "luminous teaching" community during the Tang Dynasty in China (618-907 CE), chronologically constitutes the first documented engagement between Jesus' message and the Chinese people. The entire group of Jingjiao manuscripts can be designated as the Corpus Nestorianum Sinicum, and two documents, the "Thus have I heard: On the listening of the Messiah", and also the "Discourse on the One-God", represent the main goal of investigation throughout this dissertation. As a preparatory step, the writer deemed it necessary to elaborate an interlinear version, in which the manuscripts were transcribed in sequential order and numerically organized by columns. Then, he was able to single out the different stages of development and the background in their composition of the final product that has been transmitted to us in the "Takakusu and Tomioka manuscripts" respectively. The theological value of the study focused on the individuation, exposition, and explanation of the "Christian Godhead, Christological, and Soteriological Concepts" that were contextualized using Chinese Buddhist, Daoist, and Confucian technical terms within both documents. Moreover, based on modern Chinese transcriptions and different translations with a more specific philological and historical approach, the author has included his own theological translation underlining the core faith elements of the Jingjiao community. Finally, for a deeper understanding and interpretation, the writer also has integrated a "proposed reading structure" that is the principal hermeneutical tool-key to approach both manuscripts within a new theological outlook and in the viewpoint of a new redating and authorship.
Chan Chi Ho. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2004. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 165-184). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Notes to the Readers --- p.ii ; Abstract --- p.iii ; Chinese Abstract --- p.iv ; Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter Chapter One --- Imperial Cults as a Context of the Lukan Writings: Historical Preliminaries --- p.11 ; Chapter 1.1 --- Imperial Cults or Emperor Cults as a Religion in the Roman Empire --- p.13 ; Chapter 1.2 --- "The Lukan Perspective: Between the Author, the Literary Text, the Reader, and Their Historical Context" --- p.23 ; Chapter 1.2.1 --- Authorship and Intended Readership of the Lukan Writings --- p.24 ; Chapter 1.2.2 --- Time of Composition --- p.30 ; Chapter 1.2.3 --- Further Notes on Luke-Acts' Historical Situation --- p.37 ; Chapter 1.3 --- The Lukan Perspective on the Roman Empire Rethought --- p.42 ; Chapter Chapter Two --- A Contra-cultural Reformed Judaism Surpassing the Imperial Cult? Assessing Allen Brent's Interpretation of the Lukan Writings --- p.49 ; Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.49 ; Chapter 2.2 --- "An Overview of Brent's Interpretation of Luke's ""Political Theology""" --- p.53 ; Chapter 2.2.1 --- Contra-cultural Strategy and Social Reintegration into the Host Culture --- p.53 ; Chapter 2.2.2 --- The Augustan Saeculum Aureum and Luke's Delayed Parousia --- p.54 ; Chapter 2.2.3 --- Latent Conflicts Remain --- p.57 ; Chapter 2.2.4 --- "A ""Political Theology"" Doomed to Fail: Domitian and the Fiscus Iudaicus" --- p.57 ; Chapter 2.3 --- "An Evaluation of Brent's Interpretation of Luke's ""Political Theology""" --- p.58 ; Chapter 2.3.1 --- Lukan vs. Imperial Eschatologies --- p.58 ; Chapter 2.3.2 --- """Jewish"" or Pagan Backcloth?" --- p.58 ; Chapter 2.3.3 --- Roman State Religion or Greek Imperial Cults? --- p.59 ; Chapter 2.4 --- Conclusion --- p.61 ; Chapter Chapter Three --- King Agrippa I Smitten by an Angel of the Lord: Acts 12:20-23 and the Lukan Attitude towards Emperor Worship --- p.63 ; Chapter 3.1 --- ...
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本文是第一部專以清初陶學為研究對象的論文,擬從文人的情懷、詩學的演變、詩歌的用意、意象的運用、注本的闡釋等多角度概述清初陶學的全貌。在方法上,筆者除分析當時文人對陶淵明的評論外,還選取了清初四十家身份不同的文人,比較他們詩作中運用的陶淵明典故,探討他們對「陶淵明形象」的塑造與取捨,並以歷史背景為線索,梳理陶淵明意象在清初文人心目中地位的差異與其變化。 ; 基於上述的研究,筆者認為以往學術界把清初陶學只理解為「忠憤」的表現是不夠全面的,尤其是清初關於陶淵明的討論,除了遺民文人有熱烈的參與外,非遺民文人亦有相當數量的研究,而且他們之間還存在着不少的交流,互相回應。正因如此,清初和陶風氣盛極一時,並且出現了一種嶄新、「反其致」的和陶現象--〈反乞食〉詩。 ; 這種借用陶淵明的意象互相交流與回應,更多反映在詩歌方面。清初文人借讀陶、評陶、和陶等方法抒發他們於易代間的鬱悶。這種詩歌世界,重現了陶淵明筆下的桃源,在這裏,他們「不知有漢,無論魏晉」,思想上可以暫時脫離現實的痛苦,悠然人間。這也使得清初《陶集》評注本的編撰,一改南宋以來十卷本的「全集」形式,而偏重於四卷本,只收錄詩作的體制。 ; The author intends to discuss the reception of Tao Yuanming in the Early Qing Dynasty from the aspects such as the emotions of poets, the changes of poetics, the intentions of poetries, the poetic imageries and the differences of the editions. And, it is the first work focusing solely on the reception of Tao Yuanming in the Early Qing Dynasty. Regarding the research methods, this dissertation not only studies the critiques through the existed methods, but also analyses the existed materials in a different manner. By comparing the literary allusions of Tao Yuanming's life of 40 scholars lived in Early Qing who had different social background, the thesis discusses how these people constructed the images of Tao Yuanming and how they selected from Tao's qualities. The thesis also tries to sort out the different attitudes of Tao among scholars of Early Qing and its changes with regard to the historical context. ; Based on the research, the author finds out that the existed understanding of the reception of Tao Yuanming in the Early Qing, which focuses on the leftover citizen's aspect, and which portrays Tao image as a rebellion was largely incomplete. Apart from the vigorous discussions regarding the images of Tao among the leftover citizen, the non-leftover citizen also discussed Tao with great enthusiasm. Under this circumstance, a new form of He Tao Shi(和陶詩) "poems written to match Tao's , was found in opposite mode in order to response to those leftover citizen. ; By appropriation of Tao's images in their communication and ...
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This web-based fulltext database of the Shitong 十通 provides image/text comparision and all other features of the Sibu congkan 09 Extended Edition. For more details see there. The Shitong, the "Ten Encyclopedic (or General) Histories", assemble ten central historical works, that aimed at covering all of Chinese history. They mainly focus on governmental institutions and their changes in duty or in name, but also assemble a great variety of sources and material under rubrics such as boarders, regional administration, the examination system, law, astronomy, catastrophes, bibliography, plants and animals etc. The genre was initiated by Du You in the late 8th century with his 200 volume work Tongdian and adapted, modified and extended in scope by the famous scholars Zheng Qiao (1106-1162) and Ma Duanlin (1254-1323). These works soon were published together as the "Three tong" 三通. In the 18th century new interest in the genre arouse and six continuations respectively extensions were published. While the first three works relied on an individual scholar, the Qing works were all imperially sponsored and officially published. Each of the later took one of the early works as his model. In 1927 the Qingchao Xu Wenxian tongkao appeared and the full set of "Ten tong" was published by the Commercial Press 1935-1937. The scanned and digitized version presented here is based on this edition. The compilation is structured according to the line of tradition into 3 "dian", 3 "zhi" and 4 "kao". For a chronological list of the ten titles, see below.\n\nList of the Shitong with title, author, and number of juan: 1 通典. (唐) 杜佑, 200 j. - 2 通志. (宋) 郑樵, 200 j. - 3 文献通考. (元) 马端临, 348 j. - 4 续通典. (清) 嵇璜、刘墉 等, 150 j. - 5 续通志. (清) 嵇璜、刘墉 等, 640 j. - 6 续文献通考. (清) 张廷玉 250 j. - 7 清朝通典.(清) 嵇璜、刘墉 等 100 j. - 8 清朝通志.(清) 嵇璜、刘墉 等 126 j. - 9 清朝文献通考. (清) 张廷玉 300 j. - 10 清朝续文献通考. (近代) 刘锦藻, 400 j.
北韓核問題引起世界各國的關注,更觸動了中國的神經。雖然,中國領導人一貫強調支持朝鮮半島無核化及希望朝鮮半島能夠保持和平穩定,但中國在處理兩次核問題的方式及舉措卻完全不同。在第一次核危機(1991至1994年)爆發時,中國主要採取不介入的政策;但在第二次核危機(2002至2005年)時,中國卻完全擺脫被動的角色,主動擔當核危機的調停者。 ; 正因為中國處理兩次北韓核問題採取完全不同的外交方針及策略,而且兩次核危機橫跨十多年的時間,無論是國際格局及中國國力也有重大的改變。因此,筆者會嘗試從東北亞的國際體系及權力分配、中國參與國際組織及多邊機制的情況和中國的身份認同及對國家利益及安全的看法這三方面去探討中國主動舉辦「六方會談」以解決第二次北韓核問題的主要原因。 ; 為了更能有效檢視研究論題,筆者也會分析中國90年代末參與的「四方會談」、中國所構建的上海合作組織及九一一事件,以評估這些中介變項對中國主動舉辦「六方會談」的影響。筆者希望能夠從是項研究去瞭解中國外交政策的走向,以評估及預測未來中國對其他國際事務的取態及方針。 ; As the North Korea Nuclear Crisis is one of the most critical security issues for China, the Chinese leaders always claim to maintain peace, prosperity, stability and a nuclear-free status on the Korean Peninsula. But in the two nuclear crises, China presented different attitudes and used different strategies to deal with this issue. ; In the first nuclear crisis (1991-1994), China served as neither a mediator nor a peacemaker, and claimed that Washington and Pyongyang should settle the dispute bilaterally. However, in the second nuclear crisis (2002-2005), China started to play a proactive role and acted as a chief mediator and an honest broker for initiating a multilateral dialogue - Six-Party Talks as a method to settle the crisis. ; Since China played different roles and used different strategies in these two nuclear crises within 10 years, this thesis aims to investigate this change and explain the reasonsfrom mainly three angles, including the power structure of Northeast Asia, China's participation in multilateral institutions, and China's self-identity and views on national interests and security. ; In order to strengthen the analysis, this thesis will also investigate the influence of the Four-Party talks, Shanghai Cooperation Organization and September 11 Attack on the initiatives of the Six-Party Talks. Through this research, the author aims to illustrate the dynamics of China's foreign policy and predict the trend of China's diplomatic behavior towards different international affairs. ; Detailed summary in vernacular field only. ; Detailed ...
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動員是否可以作為一種解決公共問題的治理手段?本文基於改變他人行為的三種基本要素:交換、強制、動員,重新界定了中文語境中的動員概念,進而提出了一套新的關於解決公共問題治理風格的分析框架。在不同的條件下,三種基本要素不同程度的混合運用產生了動員式治理、科層制管理、市場化處理三種治國理政風格理想類型,它們在行為動機的理性化程度、組織機構的科層化程度、解決公共問題的分工與專業化程度三個維度上相互區別開來。 ; 運用這一理論分析框架,作者比較了中國共產黨在革命、建政、改革三個歷史時期治理風格的變化及其原因。中國共產黨政治地位的轉變改變了其自身組織結構特性,這一核心因素與黨在不同歷史時期中心任務的調整及指導思想的變化,決定了其對動員、強制、交換等不同手段的取捨與搭配。革命年代訓練出來的群眾動員技巧與工作方法在中國共產黨取得執政地位後,仍舊是行之有效的治理手段,並且它與群眾路線構成了中國共產黨執政合法性的重要來源。但是,隨著執政黨所能動用的強制能力與物質資源的增長,以及黨組織自身的日益科層化,在改革開放時期,動員逐漸被有意識的弱化,由此也造成了中國共產黨在日常群眾工作和社會控制方面的衰退。 ; Can mobilization be adopted as a means of governing to address the public issues? This thesis reconceptualizes the term 'mobilization' in the Chinese context based on three basic factors that alter human behaviors, namely, exchange, coercion, and mobilization. It puts forward a novel analytic framework of governing styles to solve the public issues. Under different circumstances, the configuration of the three basic factors adopted to different degrees will generate three ideal governing styles, that is, mobilized governance, bureaucratic management, and market-based settlement. These three ideal governing styles can be differentiated in three dimensions: the rationality of the behavior's motives, the hierarchy of the organization, and the specialized division of labor in solving the public issues. ; Using this theoretical framework for analysis, the author compared the changes of the governing styles of the Communist Party of China in three historical periods - revolution era, Maoist era, and reform era, and explored the reasons of the changes. The change of the party's political status altered the characteristics of its organizational structures. This core factor, together with the adjustment of the central tasks and the changes of the guiding thoughts in the party during different historical periods, determined how these means such as mobilization, coercion and exchange were selected and combined. Mass mobilization techniques and working styles obtained in the revolution era remained effective after the party took its ...
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《北洋官报》于1902 年12 月创刊发行,至1912 年5 月随清王朝的覆灭而寿终正寝。纵观清末十年《北洋官报》的刊行,可见其应新政而生,又以报道和宣传新政为第一要务。本研究旨在透过《北洋官报》来看清末北洋新政。具体而言,首先要探讨的是作为新政喉舌的《北洋宮报》的创刊背景,即清末新政与北洋独特的政治文化;同时,也要梳理这份新式官报与晚清业已存在的报纸之间的文本联系。其次要具体探讨的是北洋官报局的局务,包括《官报》的发行、书籍为主的印刷业务的开展,以及"官纸印刷"的筹划与争论等。其三是《北洋官报》对新政的展示和宣传。其四是《北洋官报》在展示新政与启蒙民众过程中对日本的借鉴与推崇。通过以上四方面的研究,本论文主要探讨了《北洋官报》及官报局在北洋新政中的作用《官报》在展示新政、启蒙民智上所形成的官方新政话语和所体现的官方与非官方之间的互动关系,以及北洋与中央之间的复杂关系等。 ; 就时间的划分而言, 1906 年之前,清末新政主要集中在经济、教育、军事等诸领域的改革, 1906 年之后转为以中央与地方推行的宪政改革为主要内容。依此,本论文讨论《北洋官报》对新政的展示和宣传就以1906 年为界,分为两个峙段:新政时期和宪政时代。前者侧重于《北洋官报》中的不同部分如何展示新政;后者侧重于从《官报》中看到的清末宪政推进情况。论文正文的末章则对宪政时代作详细论析。 ; 综合言之, 《北洋官报》从其创刊之际,即与晚清的变局、北洋政治文化以及清末新政息息相关。《官报》为新政产物和应新政而生的同时,又以宣扬新政与开民智为己任,塑造了呈现于《官报》上的新政话语。作为官方报纸上的新政话语,并非纯然代表官方立场表达官方意志,而是既有官方的一面,又有非官方的一面,更有官方与非官方之间互动的一面。《官报》的语境既与一个多元与过渡的时代息息相关,同样,这个多元与过渡的时代也呈现在《宮报》的各种不同文本空间之中。体现在《北洋官报》中的北洋新政,在某种程度上也预示了北洋政治左右民初政局的现象,这是多元变化和过渡形态的一个方面。 ; The Beiyang Gazette (Beiyang guanbao) published its first issue in December, 1902, and stopped publication in May, 1912, following the fall of the Qing Dynasty. From an overview of its ten-year publication and circulation, it is clear that the gazette was born to serve the late Qing reform, and publicizing and reporting on the reform became its top priority. This thesis aims at studying the reform through textual and contextual analyses of the Beiyang Gazette. In details, the author first investigates the background of the gazette as the mouthpiece of the reform, to understand the unique political culture of the reform under the Beiyang authorities in the late Qing. This study also traces the textual links between the new-style Beiyang Gazette and other contemporary newspapers. Second, the thesis examines the Bureau of the Beiyang Gazette in length. Details include the distribution of the gazette, the development of its book-based printing business, the controversy of "official paper" printing, and so forth. Third, the representation ofthe reform in the Beiyang Gazette is studied through textual analysis. Fourth, Japan as an enlightening model for the Chinese ...
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十九世紀末,清政府先後割讓香港島及九龍半島,以及租借新界給英國。早期英國在香港建立「二元法制」,一方面頒布英國法律,要求居港英人及外國僑民遵守,另一方面容許華人沿襲中國法例及習慣,並准其在不違反英國法律的前提下,可依《大清律例》的繼承習俗「傳男不傳女」。戰後殖民政府雖曾多次成立委員會研究修訂華人繼承法的可能性,但直至二十世紀末才成功確立全面的婦女繼承權,比亞洲其他華人社會明顯滯後。 ; 近年學者雖然日漸關注香港女權的發展,但可惜一直忽略香港婦女繼承權的歷史研究,故有關課題的討論尚有很大的發揮空間。本研究採用歷史學的進路,旨在「重建過去」,首先重新梳理香港婦女繼承權的歷史發展,同時重視「解釋過去」,透過查考婦女繼承權問題的歷史根源,分析香港耗時近半世紀才得以確立婦女繼承權的原因及其歷史意涵。最後,本研究強調「總結過去」,以反思爭取婦女繼承權的歷史對今天女權發展的意義和啟示。 ; 本研究按殖民政府的改革及民間婦女運動的發展歷程,將香港婦女繼承權近半世紀的發展劃分成五個階段,以重新梳理其歷史脈絡。與此同時,本文總結出香港婦女繼承權姍姍來遲之由,指出英式殖民主義的管治過分注重「華洋分治」及「以華治華」,使殖民政府變得被動、因循和偏袒男性精英,無視本土女權發展的需要。另外,本文亦重新審視殖民者與被殖民者的權力關係,發現兩者之間的關係並非單純的「壓迫-服從」,反而時有「互相利用」,甚或「討價還價」的情況。被殖民者一方又並非鐵板一塊地受制於殖民者,當中有一些備受政府重用的男性華人精英權力甚大,能在制度中呈現其能動性。相反,一些不在權位的婦女團體則被邊緣化,不獲重視。本研究又分析和比較香港婦女繼承權的兩次改革的共通點,發現每次轉變都源於宗主國及國際的壓力,也同屬「由上而下」的改革。直至新界城市化衍生城鄉法律的灰色地帶,政府才不得不修訂法律,並一併處理新界土地的繼承問題,香港婦女繼承權遂終得全面確立。 ; 關鍵詞:婦女繼承權、香港史、殖民主義、性別維度、法律與城鄉關係 ; In the late 19th Century, Hong Kong Island and Kowloon were ceded and the New Territories were leased to Britain. A dual system of law was established where the British and other non-Chinese obeyed the British law whereas the Chinese were allowed to abide by the Chinese law and custom under the condition that they did not violate the principles of the British law. The Chinese inheritance tradition as a part of the Chinese law and custom was stated in the Qing Code, under which women had no right of inheritance. Although the colonial government intended to amend the inheritance law for several times, it did not succeed until the late 20th century. Lamentably, in comparison to other Asian regions, Hong Kong spent several decades more to establish women's inheritance right. ; Although scholars nowadays pay more attention to the development of women's rights in Hong Kong, very little of their research pertains to women's inheritance right. To enrich the scholarship, this author holds that we should first trace the historical development of the establishment of women's inheritance right in Hong Kong. The reasons why it took so long for Hong Kong to establish this right will then be ...
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本文通过研究自改革开放以来计划生育政策在广东省潮汕地区的执行情况,尝试回答一个理论问题,即在一个威权政体中,是什么因素削弱了国家对社会的控制能力,从而民间形成了对刚性国家政策的有效对抗,导致国家的一些政策指令无法在基层得到落实。上世纪八十年代,计划生育政策作为一项"基本国策"在中国大多数地区都得到了严格的执行,并基本完成预定的政策目标。然而,该政策在潮汕地区却遭遇到极大的阻力,无论是城镇还是农村都出现了普遍的严重的超生现象。 ; 作者在对该地区进行了实地调研后,有三个主要发现:第一,随着改革开放政策的实行而迅速复兴的宗族文化对于潮汕地区的生育观念和生育行为的影响非常强烈。"多子多福","重男轻女"仍被绝大多数人视为理所应当,"儿孙满堂"更是许多农村人的追求。因此,虽然大部分的干部和群众经过计划生育的宣传都能理解该政策的必要性,但是由于生儿育女事关个人家庭和宗族的"兴衰",所以明知抵触法规但仍会寻求各种可能的办法偷生。第二,在强大的传统文化作用下,基层政府、干部和群众形成了依赖利益和人情而建立起来的"乡规民约",县镇村的干部群众都在这种民间自订的非正式制度下默契地规范约束自己的行为并且互动合作,因此上级的政策到了基层就遇到了无形的有弹性的成体系的抵抗,换言之,人们找到了实现"上有政策,下有对策"的软性抗争方式。第三,在这种强大的利益人情网络的软性对抗之下,上级的政府已经失去了对于基层计划生育的控制。一则他们没有足够的资源和能力去落实对下级的监管,二则上级官员自身也处在一定的利益关系网络中。因此,整体而言,市级乃至更上级政府在计生工作中也只能采取折中的策略,最后"容忍"了基层欺上瞒下的行为。因此,作者认为在潮汕地区县级以下的农村基层,依靠影响力极强的宗族文化而形成的"乡规民约",作为一种软性非正式制度弱化了国家正式的行政体制,形成了一种对计划生育政策不成文的,富有弹性的,自成体系的非暴力抵抗,以及"上有政策,下有对策"的折中局面,使得计划生育政策在这一地区发挥了十分有限的作用。 ; This study focuses on "Family Planning Program" ever since the "Opening-up Policy" in Teochew area, Guangdong. By doing so, it aims at answering one theoretical question: within an authoritarian regime, what sorts of factors can impair the state's control over society, leading to effective resistance against the state's rigid policies and ineffective implement of those policies at grass-roots level. In the 1980s, the "Family Planning Program", as a fundamental national policy, was strictly implemented in most parts of China, accomplishing its policy goals. However, this policy encountered enormous resistance in Teochew area, Guangdong. "Extra kids" have been widely observed in rural areas. ; By carrying out on-site field research, the author has three main findings: ; First, clan culture, reviving rapidly after the "Opening-up Policy", has been exerting significant impact over birth concepts and birth behaviors in Teochew area. Such thoughts as "the more sons, the more blessings" and "sons are better than daughters" are taken for granted. Having lots of children and grandchildren is considered the best luck possible. Therefore, even though most cadres and citizens understand ...
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在过去十年间里,中国立法机关及政府机关已制定颁布了大量新的法律法规。这些法律从数量和质量上而言,和过去相比都有了很大飞跃,公司法和证券法领域尤为如此。 法律从业人员数量的增多满足了人们多元化的法律需求。财经媒体的迅速发展使得大众对商业和市场运行、以及相关法律法规产生了更加深刻的认识。 然而,这些方面的改善并不意味着中国上市公司小股东保护也得到了相应的加强。 ; 本文主要围绕以下三部分内容进行了探讨:1.中国现行法律下规制小股东保护的法律原则及规则;2.从政治环境的角度分析政治对部分规则形成的影响以及一些规则在实践中未能达到其立法旨意的原因;及3.小股东积极通过诉讼保护自身权利的现状及困境。作者评估了法律在小股东保护方面的实际效果,并分析中国的当代政治对法律达到其原本立法旨意的影响。虽然保护小股东及上市公司治理的法律框架已越来越全面,但实践中,小股东通过诉讼途径来有效实现自身权利却仍困境重重。本文认为,法院拒绝受理针对政治背景深厚的公司提起的诉讼、小股东面临的举证困难、法院收取的高额诉讼费用等因素都是小股东在实践中所要克服的障碍。 ; 本文认为,影响众多中国上市公司治理的最大问题以及小股东通过诉讼途径保护自身权益的最大障碍正是党国体制对经济活动的干预,尤其是对于部分上市公司和法律程序的干预。为论证该观点,文本首先分析了党国是如何参与并影响中国上市公司的治理。文章发现,党组织在那些由国家直接或间接控股的上市公司发挥了重要的决策及监督作用。此外,文章还分析了民营性质的上市公司是如何受到地方政府的干预。文章认为,针对上市公司的政治干预消弱了法律治理的作用,同时也损害了小股东的合法权益。为了实现对小股东的保护,法律不但要保护小股东不受私权的侵犯(比如私人或私人实体对小股东作出的欺诈或不当行为),更重要的是保护小股东权利不受到来自党国体制默许、支持、甚至实际参与的行为的侵犯。 ; In the past decade, China has experienced an exponential increase in the quantity and quality of new laws and regulations promulgated by the state and its agencies, especially in the area of company law and securities regulation. The legal profession grows and provides ever more diversified services to a public, whose awareness of business and market practices, as well as to some extent the legal rules and principles governing these, are being strengthened by the burgeoning financial media. Yet, these improvements do not necessarily translate into better protection for minority shareholders of Chinese listed companies. ; This thesis discusses the legal rules and principles governing minority shareholders' protection, the political realities that have shaped some of the rules and, as argued here, threaten to undermine some of the principles, and minority shareholders' activism to enforce their rights through litigation. The author has sought to test how law functions in the area of minority shareholder protection and how political practice affects the functioning of law in this area. While the legal framework for minority shareholders' protection and for the corporate governance of Chinese listed companies is becoming increasingly ...
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