Suchergebnisse

This book provides complete, comprehensive and broad subject based reviews complete in it-self, useful for students, teachers, researchers and all others interested in the biodiversity conservation. The field of biotechnology has been kept broad to accommodate the wide ranging topics. How biotechnology can affect and solve the problems related to biodiversity management, protection and conservation are described. Current rates of disappearance of biological and cultural diversity in the world are unprecedented. Intensive resource exploitation due to social and economic factors has led to the destruction, conversion or degradation of ecosystems. Reversing these trends requires time to time assessment to integrate conservation and development. Biotechnological tools, particularly the micropropagation technique has been helpful in developing protocols for multiplication of endangered and threatened species. Chapters are written by leading scientists in their field and include biotechnological approaches to threatened and endangered species, pteridophytes, conifers, non-conifer species of gymnosperms, tree species, impact of genetically modified crops, cryopreservation of diverse species, conservation of forest resources, and health and environment. The book will be useful to botanists, biotechnologists, environmentalists, policy makers, conservationists and NGOs working for environment protection

"Fossils document the existence of trees and wood-associated organisms from almost 400 million years ago, and today there are between 400,000 and 1 million wood-inhabiting species in the world. This is the first book to synthesise the natural history and conservation needs of wood-inhabiting organisms. Presenting a thorough introduction to biodiversity in decaying wood, the book studies the rich diversity of fungi, insects and vertebrates that depend upon dead wood. It describes the functional diversity of these organisms and their specific habitat requirements in terms of host trees, decay phases, tree dimensions, microhabitats and the surrounding environment. Recognising the threats posed by timber extraction and forest management, the authors also present management options for protecting and maintaining the diversity of these species in forests as well as in agricultural landscapes and urban parks"--

1. Introduction -- Part I: Biodiversity -- 2. Generation of Data on Reproductive Ecology is Important for Effective Conservation of Our Plant Diversity -- 3. Molecular Approaches to Explore Coastal Benthic Metazoan Diversity - Success and Constraints -- 4. Soft Corals Biodiversity in the Egyptian Red Sea -- 5. Assessment of Grasslands in Indian Desert - a Holistic Approach -- Part II: Chemotaxonomic Markers -- 6. Chemotaxonomy Significance of Alkaloids in Plants -- 7. Iridoids as Chemotaxonomic Marker -- 8. Chemosystematic Significance of Flavonoids -- 9. Isoquinoline Alkaloids as Chemotaxonomic Markers -- 10. Saponin Diversity in Plants -- 11. Chemotaxonomy and Chemodiversity of Fungal Polyketides -- 12. Chemotaxonomic Profiling for High-Value Caretonoids in Microalgae -- 13. Fungi -- Part III: Diversity and Phylogeny -- 14. Plant Barcoding and Phylogenetic Analysis: Advances, Challenges and Future Trends -- 15. Molecular Techniques to Assess Plant Diversity -- 16. Diversity of the Genus Ocimum -- 17. Phylogeny in Echinocereus (Cactaceae): Taxonomic Implications -- 18. Genetic Variation in Brassica and Allied Genera -- Part IV: Case Studies in Chemotaxonomy -- 19. Chemotaxonomic Survey on the Genus Sedum L. (Crassulaceae) Based on Distribution and Variability of the Epicuticular Wax Constituents -- 20. Chemotaxonomic Study of Volatile Oils from Rhizomes of Zingiber species (Zingigeraceae) -- 21. Chemical Variability in Essential Oils from Ruta Species and its Taxonomic and Ecological Significance -- 22. Conclusions

In the life sciences, there is wide-ranging debate about biodiversity. While nearly everyone is in favor of biodiversity and its conservation, methods for its assessment vary enormously. So what exactly is biodiversity? Most theoretical work on the subject assumes it has something to do with species richness-with the number of species in a particular region-but in reality, it is much more than that. Arguing that we cannot make rational decisions about what it is to be protected without knowing what biodiversity is, James Maclaurin and Kim Sterelny offer in What Is Biodiversity? a theoretical a

This work brings together the dimensions of biodiversity and examines both the services it provides and the measures to protect it. Major themes include the evolution of biodiversity, systems for classifying and defining biodiversity, ecological patterns and theories of biodiversity, and an assessment of contemporary patterns and trends in biodiversity

Klappentext: "Biodiversity' at its simplest, refers to the variety of species inhabiting Planet Earth. It is essential to the well-being of the planet. There is now a scientific consensus around the current ongoing crisis in biodiversity arising from both climate change and human activities. Experts believe we are in the middle of a mass extinction of biodiversity with devastating consequences for our planet. Accounting for Biodiversity explores the need for companies to actively protect, conserve and improve biodiversity within their sphere of operation. The 14 chapters written by a selected team of experts investigate the ways in which companies are embracing their responsibility through a variety of biodiversity initiatives and innovative models designed to improve the recording, reporting and valuing of biodiversity. Global case studies look at biodiversity accounting in Africa, Asia, Australasia, Europe and South America. Overall, this book provides a comprehensive set of reflections on accounting for biodiversity and recommendations for the future. This book is essential reading for all those interested in the contribution that accounting can make to the preservation of accounting. As we see increasing awareness of the importance of sustainability and ecological responsibility in business activity it is relevant and should prove informative to students, managers, accountants and those in business more generally. It is also important for all those interested in conserving biodiversity. "--

Intro -- Title page -- Table of Contents -- Copyright -- Introduction -- Evolution and Biodiversity -- 1: From Richard Owen to Charles Darwin: Understanding the Origin of Life's Diversity -- Abstract -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Richard Owen, the archetype and the diversity of vertebrates -- 1.3 Conclusion -- 2: Life Engineering in an Evolutionary World -- Abstract -- 2.1 Why "Engineers"? -- 2.2 The animal-machine legacy -- 2.3 Genetic engineering: rational design or tinkering? -- 2.4 Synthetic biology as the paradigm of bioengineering -- 2.5 Transforming a transformation? -- 2.6 Our cousins, the engineers -- 2.7 Engineering and evolutionary dynamics -- 3: The View of Systematics on Biodiversity -- Abstract -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Species: all different -- 3.3 How about studying the other 90%? -- 3.4 Biodiversity changes -- 3.5 Challenging decades -- 4: Which Model(s) Explain Biodiversity? -- Abstract -- 4.1 Birth-death processes -- 4.2 Coalescent trees -- 4.3 Birth-death and/or coalescent model? -- 4.4 Acknowledgements -- 5: Analysis of Microbial Diversity: Regarding the (Paradoxical) Difficulty of Seeing Big in Metagenomics -- Abstract -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Comparing metagenomic data sets is difficult -- 5.3 Path dependency and knowledge production -- 5.4 Standardizing metagenomics -- 5.5 Unlocking metagenomics -- 5.6 Conclusion -- 5.7 Acknowledgements -- 5.8 Figure legends -- 6: Genetic Code Degeneracy and Amino Acid Frequency in Proteomes -- Abstract -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Frequency-mass correlation of encoded amino acids -- 6.3 Amino-acid volume correlation in the genetic code -- 6.4 Origin of genetic code degeneracy -- 6.5 Origin of the frequency-mass correlation -- 6.6 Summary and discussion -- 6.7 Conclusion -- 6.8 Acknowledgments -- 7: Telomeres and Telomerases: Structural Diversity for the Same Role -- Abstract

Despite acknowledgment that loss of living diversity is an international biological crisis, the ecological causes and consequences of extinction have not yet been widely addressed. In honor of Edward O. Wilson, winner of the 1993 International Prize for Biology, an international group of distinguished biologists bring ecological, evolutionary, and management perspectives to the issue of biodiversity. The roles of ecosystem processes, community structure and population dynamics are considered in this book. The goal, as Wilson writes in his introduction, is "to assemble concepts that unite the disciplines of systematics and ecology, and in so doing to create a sound scientific basis for the future management of biodiversity

"Accounting for Biodiversity explores the need for companies to actively protect, conserve and improve biodiversity within their sphere of operation. The 14 chapters written by a selected team of experts investigate the ways in which companies are embracing their responsibility through a variety of biodiversity initiatives and innovative models designed to improve the recording, reporting and valuing of biodiversity"--