A Socialist State of Grace: The Radical Reformism of Jean Jaurès*
In: New political science: official journal of the New Political Science Caucus with APSA, Band 28, Heft 3, S. 401-418
ISSN: 1469-9931
In: New political science: official journal of the New Political Science Caucus with APSA, Band 28, Heft 3, S. 401-418
ISSN: 1469-9931
In: Journal of international relations and development, Band 9, Heft 3, S. 227-246
ISSN: 1581-1980
In: Neue soziale Bewegungen: Forschungsjournal, Band 16, Heft 2, S. 29-37
ISSN: 0933-9361
The author analyzes the historical discourse on civil society & suggests a definition that combines three aspects: civil society denotes (1) a specific type of social action that is (2) located between the sectors of economy, state, & privacy; furthermore, (3) it is a utopian concept. The relation between capitalism & state, on the one hand, & civil society, on the other, is discussed. Market development as well as democracy are related to civil society in the sense that they support or hinder each other. In Germany a long tradition of sympathy for the civil society project can be found among the bougeoisie. At the beginning of the 20th century, the working class became more active in civil society. Social inequality hinders the project of civil society & trust is a prerequisite. Transnational developments are vague at present. Adapted from the source document.
In: Global Environmental Politics, Band 2, Heft 2, S. 92-115
This paper explores what an ecological modernization perspective has to offer in an era marked by globalization. Globalization processes & dynamics are mostly seen as detrimental to the environment. The point that an ecological modernization perspective puts on the research agenda is that, although global capitalism has not been beaten & continues to show its devastating environmental effects in all corners of the world, we are moving beyond the era of a global treadmill of production that only further degrades the environment. More or less powerful, reflexive, countervailing powers are beginning to move toward environmental reform. And these powers are no longer limited to a small environmental movement that only reacts to the constant undermining of society's sustenance base. In analyzing these countervailing forces, the paper also explores the consequences of globalization processes for ecological modernization ideas & perspectives. 1 Table, 66 References. Adapted from the source document.
In: Political Theology, Heft 3, S. 80-94
The problems that contemporary capitalist practices have created for ensuring the global ecology's preservation are addressed from a theological perspective. A biblical interpretation of the dangers of capitalism (eg, as the distortion of desire) is presented. It is contended that liberation theology is primarily a contextual theological perspective; the need to place environmentalism as the principal concern of global liberation theology is articulated. The environmental problems caused by rapid overcrowding in certain nations & concomitant concern for how to ethically implement population control are discussed. The need for liberation theology to address issues of poverty & exclusion is stressed. Manuel Castells's (1998) contention that megacities are the future for human society is repudiated; specifically, it is maintained that in existing megacities, questions of justice & sustainability have not or cannot be properly addressed. It is concluded that the Church must reconsider its mission & emphasize attempts to recreate the world as a "human home.". J. W. Parker
In: Politics & society, Band 25, Heft 4, S. 541-550
ISSN: 0032-3292
Cover -- VALUE AND CRISIS -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface and Acknowledgments -- Introduction to Second Edition -- I MARXIAN ECONOMICS IN JAPAN -- 1 The Development of Marxian Economics in Japan -- The Pre-First World War Period -- The Fervent Debates of the Interwar Period -- The Postwar Period -- A Brief Conclusion -- 2 How to Apply Uno Theory to Contemporary Capitalism in Multiple Crises -- Characteristics of Uno Theory -- How to Analyze the Thirty Years of Interwar Crises -- The Postwar Period of High Economic Growth -- Multiple Crises under Neoliberalism -- II VALUE -- 3 A Study of Marx's Theory of Value -- The Twofold Concept of Value -- The Forms of Value -- The Substance of Value -- Prices of Production -- 4 Marx's Theory of Market Value -- The Problems in Marx's Theory of Market Value -- The Technical Average Theory of Market Value -- Uno's Theory of Market Value -- Prices of Production and Market Value -- 5 Unequal Exchange in Our Age of Globalization -- Classic Theories -- Japanese Debates on International Values -- Unequal Exchange in Dependency Theories -- In Our Age of Globalization -- III CRISIS -- 6 The Formation of Marx's Theory of Crisis -- Two Types of Crisis Theory -- Crisis Theory in Grundrisse -- Crisis Theory in Theories of Surplus Value -- Completion of the Crisis Theory in Capital -- 7 Marxist Theories of Crisis -- The Diversity of Crisis Theories -- Completing the Basic Theory of Crisis -- The Metamorphoses of Crisis -- IV CONTEMPORARY CAPITALISM IN CRISIS -- 8 The Inflationary Crisis of World Capitalism -- The Inflationary Crisis of the 1970s -- How to Apply Marx's Theory of Crisis -- The Overaccumulation of World Capitalism -- The Breakdown of the Relative Stability of Postwar World Capitalism -- 9 Spiral Reversal of Capitalist Development: What Does It Imply for the Twenty-First Century?.
In: Social Science Classics
Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- PART ONE HOUSEHOLD, CLAN, VILLAGE AND MANOR -- CHAPTER I. AGRICULTURAL ORGANIZATION AND THE PROBLEM OF AGRARIAN COMMUNISM -- CHAPTER II. PROPERTY SYSTEMS AND SOCIAL GROUPS -- CHAPTER III. The 0RIGIN OF SEIGNIORIAL PROPRIETORSHIP -- CHAPTER IV. THE MANOR -- CHAPTER V. THE POSITION OF THE PEASANTS IN VAEIOUS WESTERN COUNTRIES BEFORE THE ENTRANCE OF CAPITALISM -- CHAPTER VI CAPITALISTIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE MANOR -- PART TWO INDUSTRY AND MINING DOWN TO THE BEGINNING OF THE CAPITALISTIC DEVELOPMENT -- CHAPTER VII. PRINCIPAL FORMS OF THE ECONOMIC OR-GANIZATION OF INDUSTRY -- CHAPTER VIII. STAGES IN THE DEVELOPlllENT OF INDUSTRY AND MINING -- CHAPTER IX. THE CRAFT GUILDS -- CHAPTER X. THE ORIGIN OF THE EUROPEAN GUILDS -- CHAPTER XI. DISINTEGRATION OF THE GUILDS AND DEVEL- OPMENT OF THE DOMESTIC SYSTEM -- CHAPTER XII. SHOP PRODUCTION. THE FACTORY AND ITS FORE-RUNNERS -- CHAPTER XIII. MINING PRIOR TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN CAPITALISM -- PART THREE COMMERCE AND EXCHANGE IN THE PRE-CAPITALISTIC AGE -- CHAPTER XIV. POINTS OF DEPARTURE IN THE DEVELOP-MENT OF COMMERCE -- CHAPTER XV. TECHNICAL REQUISITES FOR THE TRANSPORTATION OF GOODS -- CHAPTER XVI. FORMS OF ORGANIZATION OF TRANSPORTA- TION AND OF COMMERCE -- CHAPTER XVII. FORMS OF COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISE -- CHAPTER XVIII. MERCANTILE GUILDS -- CHAPTER XIX MONEY AND MONETARY HISTORY -- CHAPTER XX. BANKING AND DEALINGS IN MONEY IN THE PRE-CAPITALISTIC AGE -- CHAPTER XXI. INTERESTS IN THE PRE-CAPITALISTIC PERIOD -- PART FOUR THE ORIGIN OF MODERN CAPITALISM -- CHAPTER XXII. THE MEANING AND PRESUPPOSITIONS OF MODERN CAPITALISM -- CHAPTER XXIII. THE ExTERNAL FACTS IN THE EVOLUTION OF CAPITALISM -- CHAPTER XXIV. THE FIRST GREAT SPECULATIVE CRISES -- CHAPTER XXV. FREE WHOLESALE TRADE
In: Međunarodni problemi: International problems, Band 72, Heft 4, S. 733-752
ISSN: 0025-8555
The paper analyses a correlation between the political (in)stability of the
Central American countries and the inequality of the countries in relation
to the development of capitalism from the aspect of international politics
and economics in the case of the Central American countries. Such a status
of the Central American countries is opposed to the fact that they have
achieved equality in public international law. The Introduction also
indicates that political stability depends on functional public authorities,
and the success in macroeconomic policy. The main part of the paper deals
with the factors which led to political (in)stability during the Cold War
and afterwards. The internal factors include lack of communication and trust
between government and opposition, weak democracy, serious violations of
civil and political rights, dangerous activities of paramilitary forces,
economy depending on illicit drug dealers, the underdeveloped legal system
as well as the lack of modern, equipped police. The above shortcomings refer
especially to Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua. This is verified by their
ranking in the Human Development Index. On the other hand, countries like
Belize, El Salvador, Costa Rica and Panama are among higher-ranked
countries. The most important external factor is the US economic and
political impact. In that sense, capitalism can be seen as a recognisable
stabilising force due to its ability to adapt itself to occasional economic
and political crises. However, China?s growing economic, technical and
technological influence on the world could determine a different course of
capitalism?s development, as opposed to the US efforts to maintain a leading
position in defining the role of capitalism in international relations. The
author concludes that these countries can get free from the US influence and
become politically stable, provided that China determines the course of
future capitalism?s development.
In: Thesis eleven: critical theory and historical sociology, Heft 68, S. 95-100
ISSN: 0725-5136
The "revolutionary romanticism" that helped fuel the protest movements of 1968 held four philosophers in high esteem: Henri Lefebvre, Guy Debord, Herbert Marcuse, & Ernst Bloch. Focusing here on the events on France in May of that year, examined is how their ideas fueled the rejection of capitalist modernization that drove this rebellion & its utopian hopes for a freer & more egalitarian future society. The various activities by students, workers, Marxist/Libertarian groupuscules, & new social movements were manifested in two primary types of critique -- social & artistic -- both opposing the industrial technobureaucracy, exploitation, & repression of freedom & authenticity that they saw as emblematic of capitalism. Parallels are seen in the new international mobilization efforts against capitalism & their blending of Romantic & Marxist ideologies. 7 References. K. Hyatt Stewart
Attempts to evaluate the performance of neoliberalism since its emergence out of the structural crisis of the 1970s & 1980s in the major capitalist economies. A Marxist perspective is employed to explore the dynamics of capitalism, its historical tendencies & crises, & the interpretation of neoliberalism in the context of the "new capitalism." Internal contradictions of neoliberalism that challenge its survival, both politically & economically, are described. Characteristics of neoliberalism likely to contribute to its sustainability or decline are identified. US hegemony in the new neoliberal world order is discussed, & the US economy is compared to that of France, Germany, & the UK, drawing on international statistics on rates of capital accumulation & growth & business cycle fluctuations. The compatibility of neoliberalism with the continuing transformation of relations of production is addressed, & alternatives to neoliberalism that might arise with different power configurations are reviewed. 7 Figures. K. Hyatt Stewart
Attempts to evaluate the performance of neoliberalism since its emergence out of the structural crisis of the 1970s & 1980s in the major capitalist economies. A Marxist perspective is employed to explore the dynamics of capitalism, its historical tendencies & crises, & the interpretation of neoliberalism in the context of the "new capitalism." Internal contradictions of neoliberalism that challenge its survival, both politically & economically, are described. Characteristics of neoliberalism likely to contribute to its sustainability or decline are identified. US hegemony in the new neoliberal world order is discussed, & the US economy is compared to that of France, Germany, & the UK, drawing on international statistics on rates of capital accumulation & growth & business cycle fluctuations. The compatibility of neoliberalism with the continuing transformation of relations of production is addressed, & alternatives to neoliberalism that might arise with different power configurations are reviewed. 7 Figures. K. Hyatt Stewart
What kind of social contract underwrites platform capitalism? Based on findings from the Platform Labor research project, I discuss a number of ways in which platform companies are expanding their services and influence by identifying particular societal needs and marketing themselves as efficient solutions to workers, citizens and civil society organisations, as well as local governments. I argue that we are seeing the emergence of different gendered "platform fixes", connected to other types of "fixes" that have sought to overcome the limits of capital accumulation and attendant crises of social reproduction. The three platform fixes discussed in this essay each attempt to revise and rearticulate elements of the nation state's social contract, operating at the urban level: 1) Channeling migrant labour into on-demand domestic work; 2) Coordinating civil society's "altruistic surplus" to deliver social care; and 3) Promoting "home-sharing" as a way to finance the rising costs of social reproduction.
BASE
In: Zeitschrift für internationale Beziehungen: ZIB, Band 16, Heft 1, S. 123-139
ISSN: 0946-7165
The article explains the emergence & the consequences of the crisis by drawing on established theories of International Political Economy. It uses the "Financialization" -- concept for an inter-temporal study & the "Comparative Capitalism" research program for an inter-national perspective. In an inter-temporal perspective, the contribution demonstrates that both the emergence & the extent of the crisis are impossible to understand without taking due notice of the fundamental processes of company & household financialization during the last three decades. Financialization is defined as a process whereby the share of the financial sector within profits & household income permanently increases, to the detriment of the share of the production sector. In an inter-national perspective, the article explains the more severe repercussions of the crisis within Anglo-Saxon economies by pointing towards the more important role of financial markets within these liberal economies, whereas the classical "Hausbanken" within coordinated economies have been more moderately affected. Adapted from the source document.
In: Cambridge review of international affairs, Band 20, Heft 4, S. 551-563
ISSN: 1474-449X