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Kaltinimo ribos ir jų keitimas ; Limits of accusation and their change
The objective of this work was to investigate the legal regulation of the limits of accusation and their changing in Lithuania and related problems. It was examined the conception of criminal prosecution, its grounds and the influence of the right of person on a fair trial. Moreover, it was investigated the concept of an accusation and its influence on the limits of accusation. It was also intended to investigate the concept of the limits of accusation, their change capabilities and how it affects the right of person to defense. It was examined whether an accused changing the limits of accusation must defend themselves from accusation modifications (accusation multitude problem), whether the change of accusation is feasible and possible because the statute of limitation has expired, as well as whether the change of accusation is possible during a case proceeding at the appellate court, and whether the right to appeal both the right and the fact aspect is lost if the accusation at the appellate court was changed. Furthermore, in order to justify court initiative to change an accusation it was studied compatibility with that abovementioned court law according to the principles enshrined in the Constitution. It was also examined the limits of accusation and their changes during a private prosecution proceeding and their influence on the rights of individual. It was concluded that the criminal accusation limits affect a person's right to a fair trial, and more specifically their integral element - the right to a defense. It was acknowledged that the need to understand the accusation and its limits effect on defense begins to dawn from commencement of a prosecution. It was also stated that in order to ensure the person's right to know what he is accused of and the right to properly prepare for his defense it must be set a clear accusation limit. It was concluded that the accusation limits change is possible in strict accordance with the procedures provided for the change of an accusation, as this institute is closely related to the human rights, namely the right to a defense and a fair and impartial trial. It was also concluded that in practice there is the accusation multitude problem which may be solved by legislator amending the Criminal Procedure Code. After analyzing of the case law it must be concluded that the change of an accusation for the proper implementation of the criminal law it is possible even upon the expiration of the limitation period of the criminal liability. After examination of court right initiative to change the accusation it was concluded that such court right is possible and not contrary to the principles, laid down in the Constitution and not deny the rights of participants to defend themselves in the process from the amended accusation even if the accusation was changed during an appellate procedure. After examination of the change of accusation during the process of private accusation it was concluded that, if the court expresses initiative to amend the accusation, the accused and his defense must be informed of a possible break and the conciliation hearing must be repeated because one of the main objectives of the private accusation process is the reconciliation of parties in conflict.
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Kaltinimo ribos ir jų keitimas ; Limits of accusation and their change
The objective of this work was to investigate the legal regulation of the limits of accusation and their changing in Lithuania and related problems. It was examined the conception of criminal prosecution, its grounds and the influence of the right of person on a fair trial. Moreover, it was investigated the concept of an accusation and its influence on the limits of accusation. It was also intended to investigate the concept of the limits of accusation, their change capabilities and how it affects the right of person to defense. It was examined whether an accused changing the limits of accusation must defend themselves from accusation modifications (accusation multitude problem), whether the change of accusation is feasible and possible because the statute of limitation has expired, as well as whether the change of accusation is possible during a case proceeding at the appellate court, and whether the right to appeal both the right and the fact aspect is lost if the accusation at the appellate court was changed. Furthermore, in order to justify court initiative to change an accusation it was studied compatibility with that abovementioned court law according to the principles enshrined in the Constitution. It was also examined the limits of accusation and their changes during a private prosecution proceeding and their influence on the rights of individual. It was concluded that the criminal accusation limits affect a person's right to a fair trial, and more specifically their integral element - the right to a defense. It was acknowledged that the need to understand the accusation and its limits effect on defense begins to dawn from commencement of a prosecution. It was also stated that in order to ensure the person's right to know what he is accused of and the right to properly prepare for his defense it must be set a clear accusation limit. It was concluded that the accusation limits change is possible in strict accordance with the procedures provided for the change of an accusation, as this institute is closely related to the human rights, namely the right to a defense and a fair and impartial trial. It was also concluded that in practice there is the accusation multitude problem which may be solved by legislator amending the Criminal Procedure Code. After analyzing of the case law it must be concluded that the change of an accusation for the proper implementation of the criminal law it is possible even upon the expiration of the limitation period of the criminal liability. After examination of court right initiative to change the accusation it was concluded that such court right is possible and not contrary to the principles, laid down in the Constitution and not deny the rights of participants to defend themselves in the process from the amended accusation even if the accusation was changed during an appellate procedure. After examination of the change of accusation during the process of private accusation it was concluded that, if the court expresses initiative to amend the accusation, the accused and his defense must be informed of a possible break and the conciliation hearing must be repeated because one of the main objectives of the private accusation process is the reconciliation of parties in conflict.
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School management change in the context of educational management paradigms shift
After the collapse of the Soviet Union and restored Independence of Lithuania post-soviet countries faced with inevitable transformations in educational management. The article presents school management changes and overlooks Lithuanian school management development and its tendencies after becoming an independent state in the context of educational management paradigm shift. It also unfolds the changing roles and functions of school principals in the alternations of political ideologies. Scientific literature unfolds exclusive role of school principals in the process of educational management transformation. The article is based on the principles of paradigm shift and systematic approach on management.
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School management change in the context of educational management paradigms shift
After the collapse of the Soviet Union and restored Independence of Lithuania post-soviet countries faced with inevitable transformations in educational management. The article presents school management changes and overlooks Lithuanian school management development and its tendencies after becoming an independent state in the context of educational management paradigm shift. It also unfolds the changing roles and functions of school principals in the alternations of political ideologies. Scientific literature unfolds exclusive role of school principals in the process of educational management transformation. The article is based on the principles of paradigm shift and systematic approach on management.
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School management change in the context of educational management paradigms shift
After the collapse of the Soviet Union and restored Independence of Lithuania post-soviet countries faced with inevitable transformations in educational management. The article presents school management changes and overlooks Lithuanian school management development and its tendencies after becoming an independent state in the context of educational management paradigm shift. It also unfolds the changing roles and functions of school principals in the alternations of political ideologies. Scientific literature unfolds exclusive role of school principals in the process of educational management transformation. The article is based on the principles of paradigm shift and systematic approach on management.
BASE
School management change in the context of educational management paradigms shift
After the collapse of the Soviet Union and restored Independence of Lithuania post-soviet countries faced with inevitable transformations in educational management. The article presents school management changes and overlooks Lithuanian school management development and its tendencies after becoming an independent state in the context of educational management paradigm shift. It also unfolds the changing roles and functions of school principals in the alternations of political ideologies. Scientific literature unfolds exclusive role of school principals in the process of educational management transformation. The article is based on the principles of paradigm shift and systematic approach on management.
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Strateginiai pokyčiai Lietuvos savivaldybėse ; Strategic changes in Lithuanian local governments
The methods for change detection and management published in the scientific literature are often of empirical nature and are not suitable for the analysis of the particular situations, whereas local governments are a specific object of analysis. Furthermore, many scholars interpret the content of a strategic change quite differently. This shows that the methodology of strategic change analysis is not fully developed. Therefore, further issues of strategic change management, which would consider the specifics of an organization, are very important. The aim of the article is to discuss the specifics of the strategic changes in local governments (local government institutions), describe their types, and evaluate the operational changes. The paper presents the concept of strategic change and distinguishes the levels of strategic changes according to their importance for the local governments. It describes strategic changes in the local governments and their need on the political, organizational potential development, and action levels. The article evaluates the strategic changes in the local governments at the level of their activities. The local governments can implement the strategic changes on the political and action levels. They are not procedural, but oriented to activity. Organizational potential development and functional changes are more common at the local government institutions. These changes are procedural and can be strategic and operational. It is not possible to. [to full text]
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Strateginiai pokyčiai Lietuvos savivaldybėse ; Strategic changes in Lithuanian local governments
The methods for change detection and management published in the scientific literature are often of empirical nature and are not suitable for the analysis of the particular situations, whereas local governments are a specific object of analysis. Furthermore, many scholars interpret the content of a strategic change quite differently. This shows that the methodology of strategic change analysis is not fully developed. Therefore, further issues of strategic change management, which would consider the specifics of an organization, are very important. The aim of the article is to discuss the specifics of the strategic changes in local governments (local government institutions), describe their types, and evaluate the operational changes. The paper presents the concept of strategic change and distinguishes the levels of strategic changes according to their importance for the local governments. It describes strategic changes in the local governments and their need on the political, organizational potential development, and action levels. The article evaluates the strategic changes in the local governments at the level of their activities. The local governments can implement the strategic changes on the political and action levels. They are not procedural, but oriented to activity. Organizational potential development and functional changes are more common at the local government institutions. These changes are procedural and can be strategic and operational. It is not possible to. [to full text]
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Re-forming Capitalism: Institutional Change in the German Political Economy
In: Politologija, Band 2(58, S. 125-133
ISSN: 1392-1681
Adapted from the source document.
Taršių automobilių kaita Lietuvoje ; Change of polluting cars in Lithuania
It was established that the introduction of the pollution tax in Lithuania influenced the choice of the majority of drivers to replace the old polluting car with a less polluting and more environmentally friendly one. The transport sector accounts for almost 30%. of the European Union's total CO2 emissions, and 72% of this is CO2 emissions from roads. The most important indicator for reviewing environmental requirements for vehicles is carbon dioxide emissions, which must not 130 exceed 130 grams per kilometer. Comparing diesel-powered cars with gasoline-powered ones, their number has risen to 2.6 times before the introduction of the pollution tax on the first day of July 2020.
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Taršių automobilių kaita Lietuvoje ; Change of polluting cars in Lithuania
It was established that the introduction of the pollution tax in Lithuania influenced the choice of the majority of drivers to replace the old polluting car with a less polluting and more environmentally friendly one. The transport sector accounts for almost 30%. of the European Union's total CO2 emissions, and 72% of this is CO2 emissions from roads. The most important indicator for reviewing environmental requirements for vehicles is carbon dioxide emissions, which must not 130 exceed 130 grams per kilometer. Comparing diesel-powered cars with gasoline-powered ones, their number has risen to 2.6 times before the introduction of the pollution tax on the first day of July 2020.
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Taršių automobilių kaita Lietuvoje ; Change of polluting cars in Lithuania
It was established that the introduction of the pollution tax in Lithuania influenced the choice of the majority of drivers to replace the old polluting car with a less polluting and more environmentally friendly one. The transport sector accounts for almost 30%. of the European Union's total CO2 emissions, and 72% of this is CO2 emissions from roads. The most important indicator for reviewing environmental requirements for vehicles is carbon dioxide emissions, which must not 130 exceed 130 grams per kilometer. Comparing diesel-powered cars with gasoline-powered ones, their number has risen to 2.6 times before the introduction of the pollution tax on the first day of July 2020.
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Taršių automobilių kaita Lietuvoje ; Change of polluting cars in Lithuania
It was established that the introduction of the pollution tax in Lithuania influenced the choice of the majority of drivers to replace the old polluting car with a less polluting and more environmentally friendly one. The transport sector accounts for almost 30%. of the European Union's total CO2 emissions, and 72% of this is CO2 emissions from roads. The most important indicator for reviewing environmental requirements for vehicles is carbon dioxide emissions, which must not 130 exceed 130 grams per kilometer. Comparing diesel-powered cars with gasoline-powered ones, their number has risen to 2.6 times before the introduction of the pollution tax on the first day of July 2020.
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Mokytojo vaidmenų kaita šiuolaikinėje visuomenėje ; Changes of the teachers roles in nowadays society
In the globalization process, integration of Lithuanian educational system into the European Union educational space enhances many requirements for schools leaders and teachers. Today's school is in need of high competence teachers and tutors. They not only have to be competent, to have deep professional knowledge and skills, but also keep improving their own professional qualification. Teachers have to be able to influence changes to existing processes of schools operations. Taking in consideration these facts, the problem of this research arises – the traditional role of a teacher is no longer suitable for multifunctional education of nowadays society. The object of the research – ever-changing roles of the teacher in nowadays society. The aim of the research – to analyze the new roles of the teacher and their fluctuation of peculiarities. The targets for the research: 1. To analyze the historical evolution of teachers role. 2. To specify the influence of teachers role in the fluctuation of educational processes. 3. To find out the point of views of teachers on their own most important roles in nowadays society. Focus of the research: 150 teachers from the four school of basic education located in capital of Lithuania. The methods of research: theoretical analysis of historical documents and publications, the anonymous questionnaire, the statistic analysis of the data based on SPSS13. After the completion of the empiric research, the original hypothesis that teachers are accepting all roles from the theoretical approach was proven to be correct. The negative factors off teacher roles among the examinees were listed the following: the teacher working with the group of pupils regardless the individual needs, the inability to constructively solve the problems and while solving problems not taking into consideration parental opinion. The traditional roles of teacher as subject tutor and class educator gained new activity prospective. The most emphasized roles are: an innovator, a consultant, a motivator, an explorer, a stimulator and witness of change, a social worker and a collaborating colleague. Most recent roles of teacher are manager of the educational process and the creator of alternatives.
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