Suchergebnisse

Crime has always been one of the major concerns of residents of many cities around the world. It is one of the fundamental threats faced at every level of society - individual, organizational, sub-national, national, international/global. The need to assure a high level of security for the city's inhabitants and visitors is one of the most important tasks of local government. It is clear that only a comprehensive strategy with different crime fighting methods can bring positive results. Although theories coming from social sciences dominate this field of research, the authors of the paper emphasize the role of other perspectives, especially those developed by urban planners. The second part of the paper describes the process and results of the empirical research conducted in Vilnius city which was aimed at identifying the most vulnerable to crime open public spaces of the city applying the space syntax theory. The analysis helped to identify several common tendencies and specific proposals for local governments aiming to achieve a higher level of security in their cities and a better quality of life for local population.

Crime has always been one of the major concerns of residents of many cities around the world. It is one of the fundamental threats faced at every level of society - individual, organizational, sub-national, national, international/global. The need to assure a high level of security for the city's inhabitants and visitors is one of the most important tasks of local government. It is clear that only a comprehensive strategy with different crime fighting methods can bring positive results. Although theories coming from social sciences dominate this field of research, the authors of the paper emphasize the role of other perspectives, especially those developed by urban planners. The second part of the paper describes the process and results of the empirical research conducted in Vilnius city which was aimed at identifying the most vulnerable to crime open public spaces of the city applying the space syntax theory. The analysis helped to identify several common tendencies and specific proposals for local governments aiming to achieve a higher level of security in their cities and a better quality of life for local population.

Crime has always been one of the major concerns of residents of many cities around the world. It is one of the fundamental threats faced at every level of society - individual, organizational, sub-national, national, international/global. The need to assure a high level of security for the city's inhabitants and visitors is one of the most important tasks of local government. It is clear that only a comprehensive strategy with different crime fighting methods can bring positive results. Although theories coming from social sciences dominate this field of research, the authors of the paper emphasize the role of other perspectives, especially those developed by urban planners. The second part of the paper describes the process and results of the empirical research conducted in Vilnius city which was aimed at identifying the most vulnerable to crime open public spaces of the city applying the space syntax theory. The analysis helped to identify several common tendencies and specific proposals for local governments aiming to achieve a higher level of security in their cities and a better quality of life for local population.

Crime has always been one of the major concerns of residents of many cities around the world. It is one of the fundamental threats faced at every level of society - individual, organizational, sub-national, national, international/global. The need to assure a high level of security for the city's inhabitants and visitors is one of the most important tasks of local government. It is clear that only a comprehensive strategy with different crime fighting methods can bring positive results. Although theories coming from social sciences dominate this field of research, the authors of the paper emphasize the role of other perspectives, especially those developed by urban planners. The second part of the paper describes the process and results of the empirical research conducted in Vilnius city which was aimed at identifying the most vulnerable to crime open public spaces of the city applying the space syntax theory. The analysis helped to identify several common tendencies and specific proposals for local governments aiming to achieve a higher level of security in their cities and a better quality of life for local population.

This dissertation examines the shortage of motor vehicle parking spaces in the city area. The object of this research is the allocation of passenger car parking spaces in cities. A criteria system for car parking spaces in cities was formed using the expert estimate method. By using multi-criteria methods, the criteria were grouped and their factor value was calculated, which helped to establish the priorities of the criteria and to determine the most rational places for parking lots in the city area. This research aims to suggest a model for developing an infrastructure of car parking spaces in the city and to present original conceptual solutions for the expansion of parking lots. The dissertation comprises an introduction, three chapters, general conclusions, a list of literature, and a list of publications. The introduction specifies the problem, describes the relevance of the paper, names the research object, the aim and objectives, its scientific novelty, and the defended statements. Finally, it lists publications and conference presentations of the author, describes the author's participation in international seminars and presents the structure of the dissertation. Chapter one introduces the literature overview of the subject analysis and discusses the study of the scientific research carried out in this field. It also presents the examination of the normative documents in Lithuania, the European Union and in other countries, which regulate motor car parking in different areas of the town. Chapter two discusses the investigation of car parking spaces in residential areas and in shopping center parking lots. The criteria system for car parking spaces in the city is established and its value is counted. Moreover, the concept and the theoretical model of the park and ride system are suggested. Chapter three examines the evaluation system of shopping mall parking lots by incorporating multi-criteria methods; the strategy for systematical selection of park and ride car parking system in the city is suggested; three original conceptual parking lot models, which are applicable to the real city area, are created. Five scientific publications are announced on the topic of this dissertation out of which: two are referred by the Thomson Reuters Web of Knowledge (ISI Web of Science) database and reviewed in scientific journals; two publications are presented in international conferences and one publication appears in another peer reviewed scientific journal.

This dissertation examines the shortage of motor vehicle parking spaces in the city area. The object of this research is the allocation of passenger car parking spaces in cities. A criteria system for car parking spaces in cities was formed using the expert estimate method. By using multi-criteria methods, the criteria were grouped and their factor value was calculated, which helped to establish the priorities of the criteria and to determine the most rational places for parking lots in the city area. This research aims to suggest a model for developing an infrastructure of car parking spaces in the city and to present original conceptual solutions for the expansion of parking lots. The dissertation comprises an introduction, three chapters, general conclusions, a list of literature, and a list of publications. The introduction specifies the problem, describes the relevance of the paper, names the research object, the aim and objectives, its scientific novelty, and the defended statements. Finally, it lists publications and conference presentations of the author, describes the author's participation in international seminars and presents the structure of the dissertation. Chapter one introduces the literature overview of the subject analysis and discusses the study of the scientific research carried out in this field. It also presents the examination of the normative documents in Lithuania, the European Union and in other countries, which regulate motor car parking in different areas of the town. Chapter two discusses the investigation of car parking spaces in residential areas and in shopping center parking lots. The criteria system for car parking spaces in the city is established and its value is counted. Moreover, the concept and the theoretical model of the park and ride system are suggested. Chapter three examines the evaluation system of shopping mall parking lots by incorporating multi-criteria methods; the strategy for systematical selection of park and ride car parking system in the city is suggested; three original conceptual parking lot models, which are applicable to the real city area, are created. Five scientific publications are announced on the topic of this dissertation out of which: two are referred by the Thomson Reuters Web of Knowledge (ISI Web of Science) database and reviewed in scientific journals; two publications are presented in international conferences and one publication appears in another peer reviewed scientific journal.

Emotional attachments are not only an important way of dealing with physical structures that people encounter in their everyday but also an indicator of people's imagination of urban space and meanings that they attach to it. This article focuses on emotions arising from the use of given urban spaces and affective investments that lie in the physical space of three Lithuanian cities, Vilnius, Kaunas and Klaipėda. Using the quantitative data (a survey conducted within the research project "Social Exclusion in Lithuanian Cities: Forms of Spatial Segregation and Polarization" (2012), the article analyzes the structures of feeling of power/powerlessness that people attach to different neighborhoods in Vilnius, Kaunas and Klaipėda. Examining the geography of emotions that people draw with regard to their neighborhoods, the paper argues that respondents often articulate socio-spatial segregation and spatial inequality in terms of the weighty emotions of passivity, insecurity, mistrust in their abilities to affect local change and local government's decisions. It can be argued that these emotions create social barriers and distances. They prevent the emergence of positive, socially bonding collective practices and provoke some collective urban experience (for instance, feeling unsafe and "disposable") that contribute to socio-spatial segregation of some neighborhoods in the Lithuanian cities, particularly those that are at the lowest end of social hierarchies (working-class and Soviet style neighborhoods). They divide and fragment these neighborhoods and communities instead of bringing them closer together and create the so-called places of marginality marred by the growing urban inequality and social antagonisms.

Emotional attachments are not only an important way of dealing with physical structures that people encounter in their everyday but also an indicator of people's imagination of urban space and meanings that they attach to it. This article focuses on emotions arising from the use of given urban spaces and affective investments that lie in the physical space of three Lithuanian cities, Vilnius, Kaunas and Klaipėda. Using the quantitative data (a survey conducted within the research project "Social Exclusion in Lithuanian Cities: Forms of Spatial Segregation and Polarization" (2012), the article analyzes the structures of feeling of power/powerlessness that people attach to different neighborhoods in Vilnius, Kaunas and Klaipėda. Examining the geography of emotions that people draw with regard to their neighborhoods, the paper argues that respondents often articulate socio-spatial segregation and spatial inequality in terms of the weighty emotions of passivity, insecurity, mistrust in their abilities to affect local change and local government's decisions. It can be argued that these emotions create social barriers and distances. They prevent the emergence of positive, socially bonding collective practices and provoke some collective urban experience (for instance, feeling unsafe and "disposable") that contribute to socio-spatial segregation of some neighborhoods in the Lithuanian cities, particularly those that are at the lowest end of social hierarchies (working-class and Soviet style neighborhoods). They divide and fragment these neighborhoods and communities instead of bringing them closer together and create the so-called places of marginality marred by the growing urban inequality and social antagonisms.

Emotional attachments are not only an important way of dealing with physical structures that people encounter in their everyday but also an indicator of people's imagination of urban space and meanings that they attach to it. This article focuses on emotions arising from the use of given urban spaces and affective investments that lie in the physical space of three Lithuanian cities, Vilnius, Kaunas and Klaipėda. Using the quantitative data (a survey conducted within the research project "Social Exclusion in Lithuanian Cities: Forms of Spatial Segregation and Polarization" (2012), the article analyzes the structures of feeling of power/powerlessness that people attach to different neighborhoods in Vilnius, Kaunas and Klaipėda. Examining the geography of emotions that people draw with regard to their neighborhoods, the paper argues that respondents often articulate socio-spatial segregation and spatial inequality in terms of the weighty emotions of passivity, insecurity, mistrust in their abilities to affect local change and local government's decisions. It can be argued that these emotions create social barriers and distances. They prevent the emergence of positive, socially bonding collective practices and provoke some collective urban experience (for instance, feeling unsafe and "disposable") that contribute to socio-spatial segregation of some neighborhoods in the Lithuanian cities, particularly those that are at the lowest end of social hierarchies (working-class and Soviet style neighborhoods). They divide and fragment these neighborhoods and communities instead of bringing them closer together and create the so-called places of marginality marred by the growing urban inequality and social antagonisms.

Research object Competences of municipality sport departments managers (specialists). Aim of research To perform competence research and analysis of municipality sport departments managers (specialists). Tasks of research 1. To define conceptions of competence and labor market. 2. To analyze academic aspects of public officials competences. 3. To research training and development of sport managers (specialists) in Lithuania. 4. To detect main functions of municipality sport departments and identify competences, required to fulfill them. 5. To detect competence level of sport specialists. Research structure Research is structured of 4 parts, 56 pages , 6 tables, 23 pictures and 4 supplements. Main functions of municipality sport departments: personell management, koordination of sport teaching institutions, legal management, information management, buildings management, financial management, event management, high mastery sportsmen praparation. According TUNING project competences of 4 groups are referable to 8 main fumctions of municipality sport departments: instrumental, interpersonal, systemic and other competences. Key words: competence, sport management, public official.

Research object Competences of municipality sport departments managers (specialists). Aim of research To perform competence research and analysis of municipality sport departments managers (specialists). Tasks of research 1. To define conceptions of competence and labor market. 2. To analyze academic aspects of public officials competences. 3. To research training and development of sport managers (specialists) in Lithuania. 4. To detect main functions of municipality sport departments and identify competences, required to fulfill them. 5. To detect competence level of sport specialists. Research structure Research is structured of 4 parts, 56 pages , 6 tables, 23 pictures and 4 supplements. Main functions of municipality sport departments: personell management, koordination of sport teaching institutions, legal management, information management, buildings management, financial management, event management, high mastery sportsmen praparation. According TUNING project competences of 4 groups are referable to 8 main fumctions of municipality sport departments: instrumental, interpersonal, systemic and other competences. Key words: competence, sport management, public official.

Reconstruction of Cities in Poland and Heritage Conservation after the WW II Summary Architecture is a major part of human heritage that helps us cognize the Ancient World, the development of human activity and culture, national history, achievements of science, arts and economy. The changes under way in the cities have an impact on the utilization of architectural creations for the needs of the human factor. However, city development is not always a natural process. Sometimes it is influenced by negative human activity. The reconstruction of historic Polish city is the elimination of one of such consequences of World War II. The society at large, architects and even politicians had lengthy discussions about the fate of the cities in the process of rebuilding them from the ruins. The present work investigates the adopted decisions and their implementation process related to the reconstruction of separate Polish cities. The examples of the reconstruction and heritage protection of the most characteristic Polish historic cities give the basis for investigation of the reasons for taking such decisions: what the basic factors were for the decisions to rebuild the heritage sites and what contributed to the heritage protection in the post-war period. The working material shows the Polish phenomenon in rebuilding of the ruined cities; moreover, it reflects the way the Polish example may influence the heritage protection in the neighbouring countries in the process of recreation of historic valuable sites. Reconstruction is an important part of the Polish heritage protection system. When a threat a losing national symbolic monuments emerges, reconstruction is often employed in order to ensure cultural continuation. History has shown that monuments are more important than heritage protection theories. Modern heritage protection tends to assess the reconstruction processes in post-war Poland from its own point of view, which hampers deeper and more detailed evaluation of this process. There is a tendency of varying viewpoint towards cultural heritage reconstruction in international heritage protection legislation, due to which the action of reconstruction acquires new assessments. Poland is an important country for Lithuania, being a closest neighbour and an ally. Both countries are linked by common history and economy. A closer look at the Polish cultural processes may serve as a source of information for Lithuanian researchers. Besides, nobody in Lithuania has attempted yet to analyse reconstruction as a specific method of heritage preservation which has been employed in the Polish heritage protection system. We believe that new knowledge, arising problems, assessments and consequences can be beneficial for Lithuania in its application of the reconstruction method.

Reconstruction of Cities in Poland and Heritage Conservation after the WW II Summary Architecture is a major part of human heritage that helps us cognize the Ancient World, the development of human activity and culture, national history, achievements of science, arts and economy. The changes under way in the cities have an impact on the utilization of architectural creations for the needs of the human factor. However, city development is not always a natural process. Sometimes it is influenced by negative human activity. The reconstruction of historic Polish city is the elimination of one of such consequences of World War II. The society at large, architects and even politicians had lengthy discussions about the fate of the cities in the process of rebuilding them from the ruins. The present work investigates the adopted decisions and their implementation process related to the reconstruction of separate Polish cities. The examples of the reconstruction and heritage protection of the most characteristic Polish historic cities give the basis for investigation of the reasons for taking such decisions: what the basic factors were for the decisions to rebuild the heritage sites and what contributed to the heritage protection in the post-war period. The working material shows the Polish phenomenon in rebuilding of the ruined cities; moreover, it reflects the way the Polish example may influence the heritage protection in the neighbouring countries in the process of recreation of historic valuable sites. Reconstruction is an important part of the Polish heritage protection system. When a threat a losing national symbolic monuments emerges, reconstruction is often employed in order to ensure cultural continuation. History has shown that monuments are more important than heritage protection theories. Modern heritage protection tends to assess the reconstruction processes in post-war Poland from its own point of view, which hampers deeper and more detailed evaluation of this process. There is a tendency of varying viewpoint towards cultural heritage reconstruction in international heritage protection legislation, due to which the action of reconstruction acquires new assessments. Poland is an important country for Lithuania, being a closest neighbour and an ally. Both countries are linked by common history and economy. A closer look at the Polish cultural processes may serve as a source of information for Lithuanian researchers. Besides, nobody in Lithuania has attempted yet to analyse reconstruction as a specific method of heritage preservation which has been employed in the Polish heritage protection system. We believe that new knowledge, arising problems, assessments and consequences can be beneficial for Lithuania in its application of the reconstruction method.

Reconstruction of Cities in Poland and Heritage Conservation after the WW II Summary Architecture is a major part of human heritage that helps us cognize the Ancient World, the development of human activity and culture, national history, achievements of science, arts and economy. The changes under way in the cities have an impact on the utilization of architectural creations for the needs of the human factor. However, city development is not always a natural process. Sometimes it is influenced by negative human activity. The reconstruction of historic Polish city is the elimination of one of such consequences of World War II. The society at large, architects and even politicians had lengthy discussions about the fate of the cities in the process of rebuilding them from the ruins. The present work investigates the adopted decisions and their implementation process related to the reconstruction of separate Polish cities. The examples of the reconstruction and heritage protection of the most characteristic Polish historic cities give the basis for investigation of the reasons for taking such decisions: what the basic factors were for the decisions to rebuild the heritage sites and what contributed to the heritage protection in the post-war period. The working material shows the Polish phenomenon in rebuilding of the ruined cities; moreover, it reflects the way the Polish example may influence the heritage protection in the neighbouring countries in the process of recreation of historic valuable sites. Reconstruction is an important part of the Polish heritage protection system. When a threat a losing national symbolic monuments emerges, reconstruction is often employed in order to ensure cultural continuation. History has shown that monuments are more important than heritage protection theories. Modern heritage protection tends to assess the reconstruction processes in post-war Poland from its own point of view, which hampers deeper and more detailed evaluation of this process. There is a tendency of varying viewpoint towards cultural heritage reconstruction in international heritage protection legislation, due to which the action of reconstruction acquires new assessments. Poland is an important country for Lithuania, being a closest neighbour and an ally. Both countries are linked by common history and economy. A closer look at the Polish cultural processes may serve as a source of information for Lithuanian researchers. Besides, nobody in Lithuania has attempted yet to analyse reconstruction as a specific method of heritage preservation which has been employed in the Polish heritage protection system. We believe that new knowledge, arising problems, assessments and consequences can be beneficial for Lithuania in its application of the reconstruction method.

Reconstruction of Cities in Poland and Heritage Conservation after the WW II Summary Architecture is a major part of human heritage that helps us cognize the Ancient World, the development of human activity and culture, national history, achievements of science, arts and economy. The changes under way in the cities have an impact on the utilization of architectural creations for the needs of the human factor. However, city development is not always a natural process. Sometimes it is influenced by negative human activity. The reconstruction of historic Polish city is the elimination of one of such consequences of World War II. The society at large, architects and even politicians had lengthy discussions about the fate of the cities in the process of rebuilding them from the ruins. The present work investigates the adopted decisions and their implementation process related to the reconstruction of separate Polish cities. The examples of the reconstruction and heritage protection of the most characteristic Polish historic cities give the basis for investigation of the reasons for taking such decisions: what the basic factors were for the decisions to rebuild the heritage sites and what contributed to the heritage protection in the post-war period. The working material shows the Polish phenomenon in rebuilding of the ruined cities; moreover, it reflects the way the Polish example may influence the heritage protection in the neighbouring countries in the process of recreation of historic valuable sites. Reconstruction is an important part of the Polish heritage protection system. When a threat a losing national symbolic monuments emerges, reconstruction is often employed in order to ensure cultural continuation. History has shown that monuments are more important than heritage protection theories. Modern heritage protection tends to assess the reconstruction processes in post-war Poland from its own point of view, which hampers deeper and more detailed evaluation of this process. There is a tendency of varying viewpoint towards cultural heritage reconstruction in international heritage protection legislation, due to which the action of reconstruction acquires new assessments. Poland is an important country for Lithuania, being a closest neighbour and an ally. Both countries are linked by common history and economy. A closer look at the Polish cultural processes may serve as a source of information for Lithuanian researchers. Besides, nobody in Lithuania has attempted yet to analyse reconstruction as a specific method of heritage preservation which has been employed in the Polish heritage protection system. We believe that new knowledge, arising problems, assessments and consequences can be beneficial for Lithuania in its application of the reconstruction method.