Globalism, Multiculturalism, and Comparative Literature
In: Postmodernism and Cultural Identities, S. 135-154
In: Postmodernism and Cultural Identities, S. 135-154
In: Old Margins and New Centers- Anciennes marges et nouveaux centres
In: The Testimonies of Russian and American Postmodern Poetry : Reference, Trauma, and History
In: Comparative policy research: learning from experience, S. 91-170
In: Beyond the Borders, S. 15-28
In: Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics
"Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) in Public Administration" published on by Oxford University Press.
Considers the focus of the comparative political economy literatures, stressing the positive issues of how institutions work & why, as well as the state of current empirical estimates of their impacts. Following an introduction on the political economy of institutions that contextualized the specialized & policy-focused research arenas, attention turns to discussing how, in institutional political economy, studies have coalesced around the concepts of credibility in monetary policy & centralization & transparency in fiscal policy. Demonstrated is the salience of relating policy outcomes to economic fundamentals as well as the ideological or redistributive pursuits of political actors (eg, parties, interest groups) & the institutional policy-making context. How transparency & credibility relate is addressed along with how the study of monetary & fiscal policy institutions might be integrated. J. Zendejas
Describes the conceptual framework for "A Global Dialogue on Federalism," a program developed to offer opportunities for the major international conferences to comprehensively -- & from a comparatist perspective -- investigate central issues on federalism. Through a sequence of thematic roundtables, contributors with distinct perspectives in a representative & diverse sample of federal states seek new understandings & problem-solving strategies. These findings are employed to generate comparative literature for international dissemination. The four interrelated steps entailed by the program -- dissemination, internalization, externalization, & transformation -- are briefly summarized. K. Coddon
In: Soziale Ungleichheit, kulturelle Unterschiede: Verhandlungen des 32. Kongresses der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Soziologie in München. Teilbd. 1 und 2, S. 3235-3246
"Der Vortrag diskutiert die Bedeutung unterschiedlicher kultureller and institutioneller Einflüsse auf Management und Organisation. Ausgehend von einer kritischen Rezeption kontingenztheoretisch orientierter Studien in der internationalen Managementforschung wird kurz auf die Bedeutung und Grenzen kulturalistischer Vergleichsstudien eingegangen, um dann ausgiebig auf die Bedeutung institutionalistischer Erklärungsansätze, für Verständnis organisatorischer Entwicklungstendenzen in international operierenden Unternehmen einzugehen. Ziel dieses Beitrages ist es, die jüngere und vorwiegend englischsprachige Diskussion über den Einfluss von Institutionen und unterschiedlichen lokalen Rationalitäten auf Organisations- und Managementprozesse in multinationalen Unternehmen (MNU) aufzuarbeiten. Es werden die Grundlagen, wesentliche Ansätze, Kernaussagen und Konsequenzen des 'europäischen' und 'amerikanischen' Institutionalismus dargestellt. Insbesondere wird dabei die Bedeutung aber auch Grenzen dieser beiden Ansätze für die Analyse von Veränderungsprozessen in MNU skizziert und evaluiert. Im Vergleich zum noch dominanten 'evolutionären Paradigma' in der internationalen Managementforschung werden die institutionellen Einflüsse auf Managementprozesse in MNU anhand von drei verschiedenen Aspekten diskutiert: dem Einfluss des Heimatlandes, der Macht und Autonomie von Tochtergesellschaften, sowie der Entstehung transnationaler sozialer Räume." (Autorenreferat)
In: Soziale Ungleichheit, kulturelle Unterschiede: Verhandlungen des 32. Kongresses der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Soziologie in München. Teilbd. 1 und 2, S. 161-184
"Die protestantische Ethik und der Geist des Kapitalismus" erschien im November 1904 im "Archiv für Sozialwissenschaft und Sozialpolitik", ein zweiter Aufsatz sollte im Juni-Heft des Jahres 1905 folgen. Diese Arbeiten begründeten den bis heute anhaltenden Weltruhm Max Webers, paradoxerweise durch erste Rezeptionen im englischsprachigen Raum. Die 100. Wiederkehr der Erstveröffentlichung dieser beiden Texte nimmt der Autor zum Anlass, seine Sicht dieser Schlüsseltexte der Soziologie vorzutragen. Die Ausführungen belegen das lebenslange Bemühen des Autors um die Weiterentwicklung einer komparativen Kultursoziologie in der Tradition Max Webers. Spätestens seit seinem Buch "The Protestant Ethic and Modernization: A Comparative View" (1968) setzt sich Eisenstadt mit der Analyse der Weltreligionen bei Weber und dem Beginn der Moderne auseinander. Mit seiner Weiterführung des Konzepts der "Achsenkulturen" (Axial Age civilizations), der Beschäftigung mit intellektuellen Eliten, der Institutionalisierung in sehr unterschiedlichen Gesellschaftsordnungen (Multiple Modernities) und dem sich daraus ergebenden sozialen Wandel versucht der Autor, das Webersche Projekt sowohl weiterzuführen als auch dessen eurozentrische Verengungen zu überwinden. (ICA2)
A comparative examination of the German & Austrian presidencies of the European Union (EU) focuses on the ability of national governments to affect the EU's policy agenda & to promote national goals. The Austrian presidency in 1998 was the first time a new member presided, while the German presidency in 1999 represented leadership by a founding member. The literature on EU policy making is reviewed. The comparison considers German & Austrian preparations, agendas, & the conformity between agendas & outcomes. It is argued that the usual Commission-Council struggle was not a significant factor during either presidency, largely due to the impact of other domestic & international events, including the influence of the German elections on Austria's presidency, & the Kosovo conflict/NATO strikes against Serbia on the German presidency. It is concluded that Council presidencies are largely path dependent & national governments have considerable opportunities to shape the EU agenda. However, European Councils are often hijacked by outside events that can either increase or decrease cooperation in Europe. J. Lindroth
In: Das Erbe des Beitritts: Europäisierung in Mittel- und Osteuropa, S. 209-231
"This chapter examines the effects of the EU accession process on privatization in the steel sector of the four largest producers in Central and Eastern Europe: Poland, Czech Republic, Romania, and Slovakia. While the outcome to date in these countries is relatively uniform in that their largest steelworks have been integrated into global production chains, becoming subsidiaries of some of the largest multinational steel producers, the pressures, which led to this outcome were far from uniform. The chapter argues that the EU pressures are complemented by globalization pressures, both bottom-up/ market and top-down/ institutional, in bringing about convergence in the type of ownership. Dominant external pressure, however, is mediated by existing state capacity and domestic politics. Thus, the chapter attempts to bridge the gap between the transition and Europeanization literatures, showing how domestic considerations mediate EU influence while also noting the effects of external coercion on domestic context." (author's abstract)
Concludes this evaluation of the comparative literature on political parties in the liberal democracies of contemporary Western Europe & offers suggestions for further research. A brief overview is offered of key trends in party development across four primary dimensions: (1) parties & society, (2) parties as purposive organizations, (3) parties & national governments, & (4) parties in & beyond the nation state. It is suggested that the scope & intensity of the challenges faced by political parties in the new, continually integrating, Europe has brought about a paradigm shift in the ways that parties function & should be studied. K. Hyatt Stewart
This chapter utilizes a literature survey of municipal policies towards immigrants in 24 European cities & Tel Aviv to develop a theoretical framework for comparing local policy reactions to migrants in terms of host-stranger relations. Five basic types of local policy response are proposed in four policy domains to generate a typology for classification of actual & potential policies towards migrants that is tested using the examples of Rome, Tel Aviv, Amsterdam, & Birmingham. These examples highlight the possibilities & difficulties of comparing local policies & support the use of the proposed framework for identification & comparison of policy trajectories & policy domains & issue areas. 3 Tables, 48 References. L. Kehl
In: Oxford Research Encyclopedia of International Studies
"Genocide" published on by Oxford University Press.