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The objective of the research: to ground the model of controling conflicts in state and private sectors. The object of the research: the model of controling conflicts in state and private sectors. Seeking to put the objective of the thesis into life, these tasks were approached: - to generalize the conception of conflict and reasons in scientific literature; - to create the model of controling conflicts on the base of theoretical analysis of literature; - to reveal strategies of controling conflicts; - to ground created model of controling conflicts theoretically; - on the base of research to ground created model of controling conflicts in state and private sectors. Hypotheses. H1. Substantiation of the model controling conflicts is grounded if: - creation of the model will be linked with prevention of conflicts; - the model will be created by bosses or employers; - while creating models, peculiarities of the group (age, nature of work, achievable tasks) and observed weaknesses will be taken into account; - The main component of the model will be analysis of conflict reasons. H2. Models of controling conflicts in different sectors should have similarities and differencies, as: - in the solution of each conflict should the precondition prevail – frankness, mutual confidence and preparation for cooperation, which is different; - arrising conflicts are inclined to be solved not according beforehand made model of controling conflicts; - the model of controling conflicts are grounded on cause and effect analysis. Methods of research:  Scientific literature analysis was used in order to reveal comprehension, structure, diversity of types, expose reasons stipulating conflicts and their models, styles of controling conflicts and their dependence on controling style, systematize methods of controling conflicts, present strategies of controling conflicts.  The qiestionnaire enabled to reveal strategies of controling conflicts is state and private sectors.  Statistical data analysis enabled to process and summarize results of the research.

Research objective. To evaluate the attitudes of pharmaceutical specialists' towards conflicts and conflict management styles in Panevėžys town. Research methodology. A total of 114 anonymous questionnaires were distributed among pharmaceutical specialists in Panevėžys in February – March 2015 with the response rate 72%. A quantitative research methodology has been chosen for evaluation of attitudes of pharmaceutical specialists in Panevėžys towards conflicts and their management methods. A Thomas Kilmann's Conflict Mode Instrument and specific questions were included has been involved and used for the anonymous questionnaire of the research. The collected data has been analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results. The pharmaceutical specialists in Panevėžys considered conflicts as a negative issue. The majority of respondents (68%) reported that they have experienced conflicts 1-2 times a week. The majority of pharmacists identified that the most common type was pseudo conflicts. Most of the pharmacists found it difficult to return back to their duties, focus, and communicate on the same terms with the participant of the conflict or colleague after a conflict. The majority of the respondents stated that they experienced a value conflict between the interests of business and the professional ethics of a pharmacists. Most of the respondents (42%) tended to solve conflicts by using the compromising strategy or conflict avoidance strategy (38.3%). 76% of respondents expressed an interest in improvement their knowledge in the field of conflict management. Conclusions. The pharmaceutical specialists in Panevėžys tended to consider conflicts as a negative phenomenon and expressed an interested in improvement of their knowledge in the field of conflict management.

SUMMARY Lithuania started following Community Directives that define corporate social responsibility for an employee after accession to the European Union. Therefore managers of organisations are supposed to pay more attention to staff management which aims not only at growth of labour productivity rates, but motivation of employees as well as ensuring of appropriate and positive working environment. Ability to manage organisational conflicts is the basis for managing conflicts in the national level. Everyone is a personality, however people depend on each other when they work together. They all have different political ideological beliefs, confess different religions, different background of education and social status of a family. Everyone has prejudice and a certain attitude towards value system. Everyone therefore is unique by its estimations and views and has a right to make mistakes and make their own decisions about good or evil. Moral maturity of businessmen affects not only economic indicators but intercommunication, attainment of goals of organisation as well as entire organisational environment. The paper aims at development of optimal model for solving conflicts within the organisation. The first part of the paper THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF CONFLICTS presents peculiarities of conflict management in organisations. A concept of conflict management, conflict causes and types as well as solution methods is provided based on scientific publications. This part also analyses empirical level of conflict examination in both Lithuanian and foreign organisations. The second part of the paper RESEARCH METHODOLOGY describes methods, aim and objectives of the research planned in local self administration and private organisations. Research sample and procedure of research organisation is also described. Research methods employed: questionnaire, interview and mathematical analysis (used to structure the results). The research proved hypotheses that were raised: • The manager of the organisation influence conflict management; • Proper method for conflict solution helps eliminate the conflict and improve management situation. The third part EMPIRICAL RESEARCH OF ORGANISATIONS, DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION OF RESULTS presents structured analysis of research data and research assessment. The results from the private and public organisations are compared. Recommendations for improvement of conflict management process along with optimal conflict solution model are provided based on analysis of the research. Analysis of how different authors interpret the concept of conflict management was carried out in the paper. Such analysis enabled drafting more precise definition of conflict management concept. Causes, types and solution methods of conflicts were structured and peculiarities of conflict management in private and public organisations were explored. Causes of conflicts and solution methods that are most characteristic to these organisations were determined. Importance of conflict management along with its positive and negative effects on organisations and their employees was based on theory. A questionnaire was drafted and employees of both private and public organisations were questioned. Results of the research will help in further surveys of organisations and will allow analysing other peculiarities of organisational conflict management better. The research proved the hypotheses. Recommendations for improvement of conflict management process were provided. Based on the results of the research a new model for solving conflicts was developed. The paper consists of introduction, 3 parts and conclusion. The paper comprises of major part described in 60 pages, including 5 tables and 24 figures.

SUMMARY Lithuania started following Community Directives that define corporate social responsibility for an employee after accession to the European Union. Therefore managers of organisations are supposed to pay more attention to staff management which aims not only at growth of labour productivity rates, but motivation of employees as well as ensuring of appropriate and positive working environment. Ability to manage organisational conflicts is the basis for managing conflicts in the national level. Everyone is a personality, however people depend on each other when they work together. They all have different political ideological beliefs, confess different religions, different background of education and social status of a family. Everyone has prejudice and a certain attitude towards value system. Everyone therefore is unique by its estimations and views and has a right to make mistakes and make their own decisions about good or evil. Moral maturity of businessmen affects not only economic indicators but intercommunication, attainment of goals of organisation as well as entire organisational environment. The paper aims at development of optimal model for solving conflicts within the organisation. The first part of the paper THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF CONFLICTS presents peculiarities of conflict management in organisations. A concept of conflict management, conflict causes and types as well as solution methods is provided based on scientific publications. This part also analyses empirical level of conflict examination in both Lithuanian and foreign organisations. The second part of the paper RESEARCH METHODOLOGY describes methods, aim and objectives of the research planned in local self administration and private organisations. Research sample and procedure of research organisation is also described. Research methods employed: questionnaire, interview and mathematical analysis (used to structure the results). The research proved hypotheses that were raised: • The manager of the organisation influence conflict management; • Proper method for conflict solution helps eliminate the conflict and improve management situation. The third part EMPIRICAL RESEARCH OF ORGANISATIONS, DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION OF RESULTS presents structured analysis of research data and research assessment. The results from the private and public organisations are compared. Recommendations for improvement of conflict management process along with optimal conflict solution model are provided based on analysis of the research. Analysis of how different authors interpret the concept of conflict management was carried out in the paper. Such analysis enabled drafting more precise definition of conflict management concept. Causes, types and solution methods of conflicts were structured and peculiarities of conflict management in private and public organisations were explored. Causes of conflicts and solution methods that are most characteristic to these organisations were determined. Importance of conflict management along with its positive and negative effects on organisations and their employees was based on theory. A questionnaire was drafted and employees of both private and public organisations were questioned. Results of the research will help in further surveys of organisations and will allow analysing other peculiarities of organisational conflict management better. The research proved the hypotheses. Recommendations for improvement of conflict management process were provided. Based on the results of the research a new model for solving conflicts was developed. The paper consists of introduction, 3 parts and conclusion. The paper comprises of major part described in 60 pages, including 5 tables and 24 figures.

The main objective of this work - to assess the possibility of synthesized conflict transformation model to address the conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan over Nagorno-Karabakh. My problem is the work reads as follows: if the conflict management strategy still did not produce tangible results (and it is unlikely that it could give) for solving the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict should be thinking about other complex peacebuilding analysis and practice. To achieve the main objective of this work I had to address these tasks: 1.Make access to conflict transformation approach; 2.On the base of conflict transformation theory create synthesized research model of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict; 3.To reveal what the internal causes leads to disagreement between Azerbaijan and Armenia on Nagorno-Karabakh conflict issues; 4.To evaluate the role of external actors (Russia, Turkey, the EU, the U.S. and Iran), which indirectly involved in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict; 5.Identify internal and external factors for the ratio of Nagorno-Karabakh conflict transformation perspective; There are the some conclusions of my research: Analysis of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict through the prism of the five types of transformations shows that in the sense of the four types (structures, actors, problems, the elite level) the transformation took place at negative direction. Only the context transformation can be seen a positive transformation process, which may in the future affect positive transformation of the conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh. Azerbaijan is an important route for supplying oil and gas in the West, bypassing Russia. This increases the importance of Azerbaijan to the West, which may eventually be forced to increasingly focus on the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. Nagorno-Karabakh conflict analysis showed that the activity of interior actors of second and third level have no impact on conflict transformation. Over the past 15 years in Armenia and Azerbaijan no ground for the first, the second and the third level actors' interaction was created. It should be noted that Russia, Turkey and Iran do not use second and third track diplomacy in South Caucasus. EU, U.S. and Turkey, under certain conditions, can adress the second and third levels of transformation initiatives in niche Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. In order to obtain greater effectiveness of such initiatives should be established a structure to coordinate the second-and third-level diplomatic efforts in Azerbaijan, Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh. Russia remains a major obstacle to the Nagorno-Karabakh peace process. South Caucasus, Moscow considers its "near abroad" in its sphere of influence, so it reacts cautiously to U.S. and EU promotes of democracy and human rights initiatives. In this case, Russia sees post-modern Western peace-building strategies as nothing more than a Western desire to assert its influence in the region. Unlikely that Russia would be interested in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict settlement. The Western strategy for implementing the transformation of the conflict must pay attention to the importance of the Russian factor and focus on long-term work – the transformation of the structure and problems in Armenia and Azerbaijan. Internal and external context of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict analysis presupposes the view that the compromise between the Armenian and Azerbaijani authorities in the near future is impossible. One of the most realistic option is the establishment of diplomatic relations between Armenia and Turkey. If Ankara will agree to establish diplomatic relations with Yerevan and open the border, the situation in the region may be in a positive change. Most importantly, it would reduce Russia's role both in Armenia and the South Caucasus. This should be most interested in Turkey. In my view, the first track diplomacy of the Western diplomats' efforts should be aimed at precisely that direction.

The main objective of this work - to assess the possibility of synthesized conflict transformation model to address the conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan over Nagorno-Karabakh. My problem is the work reads as follows: if the conflict management strategy still did not produce tangible results (and it is unlikely that it could give) for solving the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict should be thinking about other complex peacebuilding analysis and practice. To achieve the main objective of this work I had to address these tasks: 1.Make access to conflict transformation approach; 2.On the base of conflict transformation theory create synthesized research model of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict; 3.To reveal what the internal causes leads to disagreement between Azerbaijan and Armenia on Nagorno-Karabakh conflict issues; 4.To evaluate the role of external actors (Russia, Turkey, the EU, the U.S. and Iran), which indirectly involved in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict; 5.Identify internal and external factors for the ratio of Nagorno-Karabakh conflict transformation perspective; There are the some conclusions of my research: Analysis of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict through the prism of the five types of transformations shows that in the sense of the four types (structures, actors, problems, the elite level) the transformation took place at negative direction. Only the context transformation can be seen a positive transformation process, which may in the future affect positive transformation of the conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh. Azerbaijan is an important route for supplying oil and gas in the West, bypassing Russia. This increases the importance of Azerbaijan to the West, which may eventually be forced to increasingly focus on the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. Nagorno-Karabakh conflict analysis showed that the activity of interior actors of second and third level have no impact on conflict transformation. Over the past 15 years in Armenia and Azerbaijan no ground for the first, the second and the third level actors' interaction was created. It should be noted that Russia, Turkey and Iran do not use second and third track diplomacy in South Caucasus. EU, U.S. and Turkey, under certain conditions, can adress the second and third levels of transformation initiatives in niche Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. In order to obtain greater effectiveness of such initiatives should be established a structure to coordinate the second-and third-level diplomatic efforts in Azerbaijan, Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh. Russia remains a major obstacle to the Nagorno-Karabakh peace process. South Caucasus, Moscow considers its "near abroad" in its sphere of influence, so it reacts cautiously to U.S. and EU promotes of democracy and human rights initiatives. In this case, Russia sees post-modern Western peace-building strategies as nothing more than a Western desire to assert its influence in the region. Unlikely that Russia would be interested in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict settlement. The Western strategy for implementing the transformation of the conflict must pay attention to the importance of the Russian factor and focus on long-term work – the transformation of the structure and problems in Armenia and Azerbaijan. Internal and external context of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict analysis presupposes the view that the compromise between the Armenian and Azerbaijani authorities in the near future is impossible. One of the most realistic option is the establishment of diplomatic relations between Armenia and Turkey. If Ankara will agree to establish diplomatic relations with Yerevan and open the border, the situation in the region may be in a positive change. Most importantly, it would reduce Russia's role both in Armenia and the South Caucasus. This should be most interested in Turkey. In my view, the first track diplomacy of the Western diplomats' efforts should be aimed at precisely that direction.

The main objective of this work - to assess the possibility of synthesized conflict transformation model to address the conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan over Nagorno-Karabakh. My problem is the work reads as follows: if the conflict management strategy still did not produce tangible results (and it is unlikely that it could give) for solving the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict should be thinking about other complex peacebuilding analysis and practice. To achieve the main objective of this work I had to address these tasks: 1.Make access to conflict transformation approach; 2.On the base of conflict transformation theory create synthesized research model of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict; 3.To reveal what the internal causes leads to disagreement between Azerbaijan and Armenia on Nagorno-Karabakh conflict issues; 4.To evaluate the role of external actors (Russia, Turkey, the EU, the U.S. and Iran), which indirectly involved in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict; 5.Identify internal and external factors for the ratio of Nagorno-Karabakh conflict transformation perspective; There are the some conclusions of my research: Analysis of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict through the prism of the five types of transformations shows that in the sense of the four types (structures, actors, problems, the elite level) the transformation took place at negative direction. Only the context transformation can be seen a positive transformation process, which may in the future affect positive transformation of the conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh. Azerbaijan is an important route for supplying oil and gas in the West, bypassing Russia. This increases the importance of Azerbaijan to the West, which may eventually be forced to increasingly focus on the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. Nagorno-Karabakh conflict analysis showed that the activity of interior actors of second and third level have no impact on conflict transformation. Over the past 15 years in Armenia and Azerbaijan no ground for the first, the second and the third level actors' interaction was created. It should be noted that Russia, Turkey and Iran do not use second and third track diplomacy in South Caucasus. EU, U.S. and Turkey, under certain conditions, can adress the second and third levels of transformation initiatives in niche Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. In order to obtain greater effectiveness of such initiatives should be established a structure to coordinate the second-and third-level diplomatic efforts in Azerbaijan, Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh. Russia remains a major obstacle to the Nagorno-Karabakh peace process. South Caucasus, Moscow considers its "near abroad" in its sphere of influence, so it reacts cautiously to U.S. and EU promotes of democracy and human rights initiatives. In this case, Russia sees post-modern Western peace-building strategies as nothing more than a Western desire to assert its influence in the region. Unlikely that Russia would be interested in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict settlement. The Western strategy for implementing the transformation of the conflict must pay attention to the importance of the Russian factor and focus on long-term work – the transformation of the structure and problems in Armenia and Azerbaijan. Internal and external context of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict analysis presupposes the view that the compromise between the Armenian and Azerbaijani authorities in the near future is impossible. One of the most realistic option is the establishment of diplomatic relations between Armenia and Turkey. If Ankara will agree to establish diplomatic relations with Yerevan and open the border, the situation in the region may be in a positive change. Most importantly, it would reduce Russia's role both in Armenia and the South Caucasus. This should be most interested in Turkey. In my view, the first track diplomacy of the Western diplomats' efforts should be aimed at precisely that direction.

The main objective of this work - to assess the possibility of synthesized conflict transformation model to address the conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan over Nagorno-Karabakh. My problem is the work reads as follows: if the conflict management strategy still did not produce tangible results (and it is unlikely that it could give) for solving the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict should be thinking about other complex peacebuilding analysis and practice. To achieve the main objective of this work I had to address these tasks: 1.Make access to conflict transformation approach; 2.On the base of conflict transformation theory create synthesized research model of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict; 3.To reveal what the internal causes leads to disagreement between Azerbaijan and Armenia on Nagorno-Karabakh conflict issues; 4.To evaluate the role of external actors (Russia, Turkey, the EU, the U.S. and Iran), which indirectly involved in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict; 5.Identify internal and external factors for the ratio of Nagorno-Karabakh conflict transformation perspective; There are the some conclusions of my research: Analysis of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict through the prism of the five types of transformations shows that in the sense of the four types (structures, actors, problems, the elite level) the transformation took place at negative direction. Only the context transformation can be seen a positive transformation process, which may in the future affect positive transformation of the conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh. Azerbaijan is an important route for supplying oil and gas in the West, bypassing Russia. This increases the importance of Azerbaijan to the West, which may eventually be forced to increasingly focus on the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. Nagorno-Karabakh conflict analysis showed that the activity of interior actors of second and third level have no impact on conflict transformation. Over the past 15 years in Armenia and Azerbaijan no ground for the first, the second and the third level actors' interaction was created. It should be noted that Russia, Turkey and Iran do not use second and third track diplomacy in South Caucasus. EU, U.S. and Turkey, under certain conditions, can adress the second and third levels of transformation initiatives in niche Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. In order to obtain greater effectiveness of such initiatives should be established a structure to coordinate the second-and third-level diplomatic efforts in Azerbaijan, Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh. Russia remains a major obstacle to the Nagorno-Karabakh peace process. South Caucasus, Moscow considers its "near abroad" in its sphere of influence, so it reacts cautiously to U.S. and EU promotes of democracy and human rights initiatives. In this case, Russia sees post-modern Western peace-building strategies as nothing more than a Western desire to assert its influence in the region. Unlikely that Russia would be interested in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict settlement. The Western strategy for implementing the transformation of the conflict must pay attention to the importance of the Russian factor and focus on long-term work – the transformation of the structure and problems in Armenia and Azerbaijan. Internal and external context of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict analysis presupposes the view that the compromise between the Armenian and Azerbaijani authorities in the near future is impossible. One of the most realistic option is the establishment of diplomatic relations between Armenia and Turkey. If Ankara will agree to establish diplomatic relations with Yerevan and open the border, the situation in the region may be in a positive change. Most importantly, it would reduce Russia's role both in Armenia and the South Caucasus. This should be most interested in Turkey. In my view, the first track diplomacy of the Western diplomats' efforts should be aimed at precisely that direction.

This paper deals with the role of expertise (technē) in Plato's Statesman. We argue that expertise is one of the central notionsin the dialogue, which pervadesthe conception of political action and human condition in general. In the Statesman, humans are understood as technological animals whose being is in the constant state of conflict. However, the expertises do not overcome the political conflict but stimulate it even more by competing for political power. One of the activities of statesmanship is to manage and control the conflict of expertises by ordering their functions, using them for communal good and regulating them by means of disciplinary expertises. In such a way, statesmanship reveals as an expertise itself. The foundation for statesman's expertise is his theoretical knowledge, which gives the understanding about the evolvement of the conflict of expertises and about the solutions required for political action

This paper deals with the role of expertise (technē) in Plato's Statesman. We argue that expertise is one of the central notionsin the dialogue, which pervadesthe conception of political action and human condition in general. In the Statesman, humans are understood as technological animals whose being is in the constant state of conflict. However, the expertises do not overcome the political conflict but stimulate it even more by competing for political power. One of the activities of statesmanship is to manage and control the conflict of expertises by ordering their functions, using them for communal good and regulating them by means of disciplinary expertises. In such a way, statesmanship reveals as an expertise itself. The foundation for statesman's expertise is his theoretical knowledge, which gives the understanding about the evolvement of the conflict of expertises and about the solutions required for political action

This paper deals with the role of expertise (technē) in Plato's Statesman. We argue that expertise is one of the central notionsin the dialogue, which pervadesthe conception of political action and human condition in general. In the Statesman, humans are understood as technological animals whose being is in the constant state of conflict. However, the expertises do not overcome the political conflict but stimulate it even more by competing for political power. One of the activities of statesmanship is to manage and control the conflict of expertises by ordering their functions, using them for communal good and regulating them by means of disciplinary expertises. In such a way, statesmanship reveals as an expertise itself. The foundation for statesman's expertise is his theoretical knowledge, which gives the understanding about the evolvement of the conflict of expertises and about the solutions required for political action

This paper deals with the role of expertise (technē) in Plato's Statesman. We argue that expertise is one of the central notionsin the dialogue, which pervadesthe conception of political action and human condition in general. In the Statesman, humans are understood as technological animals whose being is in the constant state of conflict. However, the expertises do not overcome the political conflict but stimulate it even more by competing for political power. One of the activities of statesmanship is to manage and control the conflict of expertises by ordering their functions, using them for communal good and regulating them by means of disciplinary expertises. In such a way, statesmanship reveals as an expertise itself. The foundation for statesman's expertise is his theoretical knowledge, which gives the understanding about the evolvement of the conflict of expertises and about the solutions required for political action

Actuality of issue: Explanation of conflict reasons is relevant for personnel of travel agencies, as excellent relationships ensure effective results. As it's impossible to elude the conflicts that arise constantly in everyday activity, they need to be analyzed and solved. The results of Master's work were presented in the Management section of the 8th Conference of Young Scientists' works "Topicality of Economics and Management", held on 24th of April, 2008, in the Department of Social Sciences in Siauliai University. Object of work: personnel conflicts and their solutions. Scientific problem: solutions of personnel conflicts. Goal of work: analysis of the personnel conflicts and their solutions. Tasks of work: 1.Analyze personnel situation in the organization. 2.Analyze theoretical aspects of conflict concept, features and appearance reasons. 3.Analyze personnel conflicts in travel agencies. 4. Determine solutions of conflicts. Methods of research: 1.Analysis of scientific literature. 2.Questionnaire survey. 3.Mathematical statistics. Conclusions: The performed research revealed that intrapersonal conflicts prevailed among employees in the travel agencies; other types of conflicts were conflicts among several individuals and the remaining part of the group. Conflicts mostly arise because of misunderstandings; besides, other very important reasons of the conflicts in the travel agencies are uneven job distribution, and opinion discrepancies. They are analyzed and solved by conflicting individuals. During the conflict solving process, the conflicts are analyzed, trade-offs are determined, and open discussion is initiated. The conflicts mostly end up by determination of the problem and its revealing. Nevertheless, the major part of respondents claimed that only sometimes it was possible to avoid conflicts. Determination of the conflict solutions revealed that the most common strategies used both by executives and subordinates, were competition and collaboration strategies of conflict solutions. The competition ...

Actuality of issue: Explanation of conflict reasons is relevant for personnel of travel agencies, as excellent relationships ensure effective results. As it's impossible to elude the conflicts that arise constantly in everyday activity, they need to be analyzed and solved. The results of Master's work were presented in the Management section of the 8th Conference of Young Scientists' works "Topicality of Economics and Management", held on 24th of April, 2008, in the Department of Social Sciences in Siauliai University. Object of work: personnel conflicts and their solutions. Scientific problem: solutions of personnel conflicts. Goal of work: analysis of the personnel conflicts and their solutions. Tasks of work: 1.Analyze personnel situation in the organization. 2.Analyze theoretical aspects of conflict concept, features and appearance reasons. 3.Analyze personnel conflicts in travel agencies. 4. Determine solutions of conflicts. Methods of research: 1.Analysis of scientific literature. 2.Questionnaire survey. 3.Mathematical statistics. Conclusions: The performed research revealed that intrapersonal conflicts prevailed among employees in the travel agencies; other types of conflicts were conflicts among several individuals and the remaining part of the group. Conflicts mostly arise because of misunderstandings; besides, other very important reasons of the conflicts in the travel agencies are uneven job distribution, and opinion discrepancies. They are analyzed and solved by conflicting individuals. During the conflict solving process, the conflicts are analyzed, trade-offs are determined, and open discussion is initiated. The conflicts mostly end up by determination of the problem and its revealing. Nevertheless, the major part of respondents claimed that only sometimes it was possible to avoid conflicts. Determination of the conflict solutions revealed that the most common strategies used both by executives and subordinates, were competition and collaboration strategies of conflict solutions. The competition was more expressed among subordinates while collaboration was more common among executives. Conflicts exist; and they need to be analyzed for they wouldn't prevent achievement of better selling results and tighter interpersonal collaboration goals of the organization. According to the analysis of the literature sources, it is possible to claim that personnel conflicts influence the quality of work, organizational climate and employees' satisfaction with job.

Consociational democracy and its main purpose to create a stable democracy in deeply divided societies is the talking point among political scientists and politicians who want to consolidate regimes in conflicted countries. Together with the growing interest for consociational democracy comes a problem, when theories which were created on the basis of some model societies are tried to apply to societies which are very different in nature to the first ones. Because of this situation, there is a need to revise the theory and the challenges of consociationalism. A comprehensive evaluation of the perspectives and favorable conditions of consociationalism demands further analysis in this field. Trying to point out this problem, there was made an analysis of the main elements of consociationalism as well as the impact of favorable conditions for implementation of consociationalism in deeply divided societies and the implementation of consociationalism in Switzerland. The main finding of this article is that favorable conditions have more importance than it was first assumed by A. Lijphart in late 1970s. As a result there is strong evidence that the combination of such favorable conditions as the traditions of elite accommodation and segmental isolation has a great importance on success of consociationalism. Moreover, it can be assumed that plenty of favorable conditions caused successful implementation of consociationalism in Switzerland.