Drawing on over 600 references to probe sources of conflict and to prescribe means of reducing tension in organizational, institutional and community settings, this handbook cuts across theoretical perspectives, strategic models and situational contexts
Achieving peace and building the institutions that will make it last require much time and effort on the part of adversaries. While making this effort, the likelihood of peace is uncertain, and preparations for conflict are ongoing. Using a model that takes such considerations into account, adversaries divide their resources between "guns,""butter," and investments in conflict management. Even when all adversaries undertake sizable investments in conflict management, peace is uncertain. Results show that larger initial wealth increases the likelihood of peace, whereas the number of adversaries can have widely different effects. A larger number of adversaries in cases of international conflict tends to increase the likelihood of peace but has the opposite effect in cases of domestic conflict.
IN EXAMINING CONSTRUCTIVE RESPONSES TO THE PROBLEMS CAUSED BY VIOLENT ETHNIC CONFLICT A DISTINCTION IS OFTEN MADE BETWEEN THE 'MANAGEMENT' AND 'RESOLUTION' APPROACHES. INDEED, THEY ARE OFTEN DEFINED SO AS TO MAKE THEM INCOMPATIBLE WITH EACH OTHER. THE BASIC ASSUMPTIONS UPON WHICH THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THESE TWO APPROACHES ARE BASED ARE ANALYSED, AND THE WEAKNESSES OF EACH ARE EXPLORED. FINALLY, THE ASSUMPTION OF BASIC INCOMPATIBILITY IS QUESTIONED, BECAUSE IT IS GENERALLY UNHELPFUL IN PROMOTING CONFLICT RESOLUTION; AND AN ATTEMPT IS MADE TO SHOW HOW THE TWO APPROACHES CAN BE COMBINED BY INTRODUCING THE CONCEPT OF PEACE-KEEPING (MANAGEMENT) AND PEACE-MAKING AND PEACE-BUILDING (RESOLUTION).
This e-book contains five studies that focus on groups, teams, and conflict management. All of these studies include empirical analyses of data collected using well designed survey or experimental research designs. These studies highlight the international nature of conflict management scholarship by including researchers from six countries (Australia, Netherlands, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Switzerland, and the U.S.) and participants from seven different countries (Austria, Germany, Netherlands, Pakistan, Spain, Switzerland, and the U.S.). These studies also show how the scholarship on conflict man
Drawing on over 600 references to probe sources of conflict and to prescribe means of reducing tension in organizational, institutional and community settings, this handbook cuts across theoretical perspectives, strategic models and situational contexts.
Abstract I offer a critique of deterrence and suggest how it could be used more effectively when combined in sophisticated ways with reassurance and diplomacy. When used in appropriate combinations and with appropriate framing based on the specific circumstances at hand, these conflict management strategies can reduce the likelihood of war and help bring about accommodation. However, decisions about how and whether to deploy these strategies are highly context dependent with respect to both goals.
Intro -- Front Matter -- About the Authors -- 1 Introducing International Conflict Management -- Conflict Management vs Conflict Resolution -- Overview of the Book -- 2 Key Ideas and Frameworks -- Cross-Cutting Concepts -- Conflict Patterns Since World War II -- Why are Some Conflicts Never Managed or Resolved? -- Identifying Conflict Management Success -- 3 Intervention -- Traditional Military Intervention -- Humanitarian Intervention -- Legal Considerations for Intervention -- Patterns of Intervention -- Agents of Intervention: States and International Organizations -- When Does Intervention Occur? -- When Does Intervention Promote Conflict Management? -- Conclusion -- 4 Sanctions -- Logic and Motivations for Sanctions -- Types of Sanctions-Traditional vs "Smart" -- Patterns in the Use of Sanctions Over Time -- Agents of Sanctions-States and International Organizations -- When and How Often are Sanctions Effective? -- Conclusion -- 5 Negotiations -- Logic of Negotiation -- Context for Negotiation -- When and Why Do Parties Come to the Negotiating Table? -- When Do Parties Reach a Settlement? -- Pitfalls in the Implementation Stage -- Conclusion -- 6 Mediation -- Differences with Negotiation -- The Logic of Mediation -- Patterns of Mediation -- Agents of Mediation -- When Does Mediation Occur? -- When and How Often is Mediation Effective? -- Conclusion -- 7 Legal Approaches -- Differences with Negotiation and Mediation -- Arbitration versus Adjudication -- Forms of International Courts -- The Logic of Legal Approaches -- When Do Parties Choose Legal Options? -- Is Legal Dispute Resolution Effective? -- Conclusion -- 8 Peace Operations: Peacekeeping and Peacebuilding -- Traditional Peacekeeping versus Peacebuilding -- The Logic of Peace Operations -- Patterns in Peace Operations -- Agents of Peace Operations.
The war in Lebanon presented a fundamental challenge for U.S. policy in the Middle East, but also an opportunity -- if Washington can transform the fragile cease-fire into a lasting & comprehensive Arab-Israeli peace settlement. Adapted from the source document.