The limits of UN diplomacy and the future of conflict mediation
In: Survival: global politics and strategy, Band 37, Heft 4, S. 83-98
ISSN: 0039-6338
In: Survival: global politics and strategy, Band 37, Heft 4, S. 83-98
ISSN: 0039-6338
World Affairs Online
In: Survival: global politics and strategy, Band 37, Heft 4, S. 83-98
ISSN: 1468-2699
In: International journal / Canadian Institute of International Affairs, Band 53 (1997/98), Heft 2, S. 306-324
ISSN: 0020-7020
World Affairs Online
In: International Journal, Band 53, Heft 2, S. 306
In: International journal / Canadian Institute of International Affairs, Band 53, Heft 2, S. 306-324
ISSN: 2052-465X
In: Social justice: a journal of crime, conflict and world order, Band 26, Heft 1
ISSN: 1043-1578, 0094-7571
Seeks to integrate new scientific approaches into contemporary conflict intervention strategies. Critiques the dominant conflict resolution models and proposes the development of regional conflict management centers. Stresses the need to accept the postmodern precept that conflict and instability are normative aspects of social systems and that it is necessary to cultivate ways of building complex understandings at the phenomenal, group, and national levels. (Original abstract - amended)
In: Materialien zum GKKE-Dialogprogramm D 13e
In: Social justice: a journal of crime, conflict and world order, Band 26, Heft 1, S. 208-232
ISSN: 1043-1578, 0094-7571
Conflict resolution strategies in special education are necessary in view of increased disability and civil rights legislation impacting schools. With increase in federal laws and regulations comes an increase in parental expectations and unclear interpretations of "what is right" and "what is legal" regarding meeting the educational needs of students with disabilities. The purpose of the study was to identify factors that escalate and de-escalate parent-school conflict in special education and to understand the special education mediation process from the perspectives of parents, school officials and mediators in Massachusetts. Data were collected through telephone interviews with 44 participants. Interviews were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. Parent participants had experienced special education mediation either during the school year 1995-1996 or 1996-1997. School officials and mediators had experienced multiple special education mediations. A grounded theory approach was used to analyze data. Eight categories of factors that escalate parent-school conflict in special education were identified: (a) Discrepant Views of a Child's Needs, (b) Knowledge, (c) Service Delivery, (d) Valuation, (e) Reciprocal Power, (f) Constraints, (g) Communication, and (h) Trust. Participants in each group revealed that the mediation process was of value even though one may not achieve the desired outcome. Strengths of the mediation process were identified in the areas of its ability to provide disclosure, empower participants, provide opportunity for communication, provide suitable outcomes, strengthen relationships and provide a pragmatic approach to problem-solving. Limitations of mediation were reported in it's ability to be misused by participants seeking opportunities for fact-finding and it's lack of ability to be enforced. Results indicated that training in conflict handling strategies is needed by parents and school officials. Results of the study supported using early intervention conflict identification and resolution strategies so that conciliatory attitudes and trust might be preserved in parent-school relationships. ; Ed. D.
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In: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17232
This dissertation analyses the role of industrial mediation within the framework of the relationship between the underlying causes of industrial conflict and the resolution of this conflict. The inextricable relationship between economics and politics means that the underlying causes of industrial conflict need to be located within both the socio-political arena and in the contradictions within the labour process. The Independent Mediation Service of South Africa (IMSSA) has played a crucial role in facilitating the institutionalisation of extra statutory or independent industrial mediation in response to the changing nature of industrial relations in the country. IMSSA is rooted in the pluralist approach to industrial relations. Pluralism is rejected in this dissertation for its implicit acceptance of the existing socio-political status quo and for its belief in the legitimacy of the social system as a fair and democratic one. Thus, a critical question in this research is what is the role of mediation if pluralism is rejected as a starting point for analysis? A distinction is drawn between manifest and latent conflict in this dissertation. The primary hypothesis, which is confirmed, is that mediation addresses the manifest, rather than the latent conflict. This challenges the claim of the problem-solving approach of mediation that the process uncovers the underlying conflict. Instead, this research reveals that mediation is dispute-specific and has the potential for solving the immediate conflict, rather than removing the fundamental sources of this conflict. Further, the role of mediation is limited by the very nature of the collective bargaining process which restricts the expression of the latent conflict. It is argued that, although mediation may be accused of palliating the conflict in the sense that it settles the dispute without addressing the structural causes of the conflict, mediation plays a significant role in the collective bargaining process. This is revealed in the role that mediation plays in improving bargaining skills, empowering the weaker party, legitimising the negotiating parties, educating the parties, overcoming mistrust and promoting understanding between adversaries. Thus, mediation has the potential for significantly affecting the working relationship and altering the dynamics of this relationship in terms of enhancing the essential relationship-building dimension of this relationship and facilitating an approach to bargaining in good faith. The effects of mediation therefore extend beyond the immediate conflict settlement. Mediation is not a response to procedural inadequacies and the utilisation of this process does not reflect inadequate negotiation skills. Instead, the increasing number of industrial mediations may be seen to be a reflection of more sophisticated industrial relations which reveal an acknowledgement of the need to compromise as a prerequisite for successful collective bargaining. Research was conducted and hypotheses tested through primary research which involved interviews with leading management representatives and trade unionists in the Cape Town and Port Elizabeth-Uitenhage regions and mediators in these two areas as well as in Johannesburg and Pretoria. Interviews were conducted oh an open-ended, but structured basis. The two primary regions were chosen for their representation of different trends in the utilisation of industrial mediation. FOcus in the Port Elizabeth-Uitenhage region centred on why mediation has been utilised relatively less frequently in this region than elsewhere in the country. It was found that, although specific forces have shaped the unique nature of collective bargaining in this region, the attitude towards mediation arose not from more militant or confrontational policies, but from a number of misperceptions and faulty assumptions concerning the process and role of mediation.
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In: International affairs: a Russian journal of world politics, diplomacy and international relations, Heft 9, S. 66-73, 144
ISSN: 0130-9641
World Affairs Online
World Affairs Online
In: The annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Band 518, S. 69-81
ISSN: 0002-7162
The changing nature of the Eritrean conflict in Ethiopia & attempts at resolution are examined. After thirty years of war between the Eritrean nationalists & the Ethiopian government, the conflict has widened through the organization of liberation movements in other parts of the country, most notably the People's Liberation Front in Tigre. In changing from a bilateral conflict to a multilateral one, the prospect for resolution has decreased because requisite conditions for successful negotiations are absent in transitional conflicts, eg, a mutually hurting stalemate & the existence of valid spokesmen. Adapted from the source document.