Suchergebnisse

Introduction -- The European Union as a System of Differentiated Integration -- PART I: THEORY Intergovernmentalism -- Supranationalism -- Constructivism -- PART II: POLICIES The Single Market -- Economic and Monetary Union -- Security and Defence -- The Area of Freedom, Security, and Justice -- Conclusions: Integration and differentiation in the European Union.

Introduction -- Realism, balance-of-power theory, and the counterbalancing constraint -- Realism, balance-of-threat theory, and the "soft balancing" constraint -- Liberalism, globalization, and constraints derived from economic interdependence -- Institutionalism and the constraint of reputation -- Constructivism and the constraint of legitimacy -- A new agenda

Cet article expose de façon schématique comment certains aspects de la pensée de Foucault dépassent les deux pôles qui ont défini la plupart des débats dans le champ des études gaies et lesbiennes à propos de la sexualité : Pessentia-lisme et le constructivisme social.

The problem of relations between representatives of different ethnic groups is extremely urgent in Rus-sian society. The study consistently raises the ques-tion of the importance of ethnic self-identification in the context of preventing inter-group ethnic con-flicts. The main models of ethnic identification and self-identification are considered. The view that eth-nic identification practices based on the paradigm of constructivism and instrumentalism have a high potential to overcome inter-ethnic contradictions is justified. The initial data for the study are the results of a secondary analysis of regional studies conduct-ed in Krasnodar region and the Adyghe Republic in the period from 2015 to 2019. The reliance on empiri-cal data and their correlation with the existing trends in the identification strategies of diaspora and asso-ciations of fellow-countrymen made it possible to show qualitative characteristics of primordialism, constructivism and instrumentalism.

The paper dwells upon the main concepts of national identity study. The actuality of the pointed issue is connected with the growth of national awareness in the society. The terms "ethnos" and "nation" have been analyzed in the research, because these terms are sometimes mistakenly used in scientific literature as synonymous. Also it is pointed out, that understanding of national character nature depends on the conception the authors hold. Pursuing this aim the analysis of the main ethnologic conception was conducted within the work, such as primordialism, constructivism, and instrumentalism. It is emphasized that if within the framework of primordialism the natural and geographical conditions for the formation of mentality come to the fore, while representatives of constructivism and instrumentalism indicate that the creative and political elite, through the creation of mythology, contribute to the formation of ethnicity with the help of the mass media.

Although scholars often treat "ethnicity" as one of the most important phenomena in politics, nothing close to a consensus has emerged about not only what its effects are but also what it is. Theorists typically divide this debate into two camps, usually dubbed "primordialism" and "constructivism," but these categories are unhelpful and actually obscure some of the most important questions. This study recasts the debate by providing a micro-level explanation for why and how people tend to think and act in terms of macro-level identity categories in the first place. Drawing heavily on recent psychological research, this approach reveals why ethnicity is special and why it is ascribed importance by researchers in fields as diverse as sociology, anthropology, and political science. As it turns out, neither constructivism nor primordialism is fully accurate, and theorists are advised to think in terms that are more consistent with psychological research.

The paper draws on social constructivism with regard to European politics. Even so, there are many constructivist approaches, which claim to have the greatest explanatory power, with three of these approaches being considered as especially important in recent research. Therefore, Checkel's concept of social learning, Risse's notion of argumentative action, and Schimmelfennig's approach of rhetorical action are at the center of the paper. All three scientists favor a constructivist ontology. Moreover, they all depart from a common ground, the "middle ground", which constructivists claim to seize. This, via media, puts constructivism between reflectivism and rationalism. In the first section I elaborate on Adler's notion of the "middle ground." I then outline the above mentioned three social constructivist approaches. The point, however, is to compare these approaches and to demonstrate their explanatory power as well as to show their inherent weaknesses.

The term social constructionism has been associated with the research debates among academic social workers. Recently Atherton offered an analysis of the research debates in an attempt to communicate the significance of these debates to social work practitioners. He argued that these debates are tearing the profession apart. A major limitation of Atherton's analysis is that it failed to provide relevance for practitioners by making connections between underlying themes of the debates and important parallel developments within clinical practice fields. The author offers a different interpretation of the research debates, viewing them as a metadebate about science and social science methods. Drawing distinctions between social constructionism and constructivism expands Atherton's discussion, defining their relationship to both research and practice. Examples from practice models are used to illustrate how constructionism and constructivism are significant concepts and are being used across disciplines as metatheories for practice.

critical management studies, theories of knowledge, knowledge society, communities of practice, expert communities, knowledge communities, knowledge exchange, interorganizational knowledge cooperation, generative educational theory (Bildungstheorie), interaction economics, social exchange theory, theories of reciprocity and gift, theory of recognition, real abstraction, critical theory, constructivism, qualitative content analysis.

Examines influence of national identity on foreign relations; country studies; 10 articles. Topics include civic space, globalization, and social geography, immigration and security, constructivism, collective liberal identity, and democratic peace, territorial and national sovereignty, NATO enlargement, and NATO, Germany, and the US in "Trans-Atlantia".

Hydro politics is an important dimension of India Pakistan relations, overshadowed mainly by strategic issues between both states. Even the discussion on water issues is more focused on technical issues. However, the main question that arises is: Is hydro politics between India and Pakistan a problem of perceptions (intentions) or it forms part of overall strategic rivalry between both states? This paper discusses India-Pakistan water relations from the theoretical perspectives of (neo) realism, (neo) liberalism, constructivism, and human security school of thought. It argues that, like in general India-Pakistan political relations, it is realism/ neo-realism which still reigns supreme in explaining India-Pakistan hydro politics as well. It argues that in the wake of the Cold War, different theories emerged which undermined the traditional approaches and perspectives of realism and liberalism. These new theoretical traditions were also employed in explaining India-Pakistan political as well water relations. However, due to the competitive security of the region of South Asia in general and India-Pakistan's security dilemma in particular, the theoretical perspectives of (neo) liberalism, constructivism, and human security fall short in theorizing India-Pakistan water relations. To answer the question posed earlier, this paper has mostly analyzed the available literature, both theoretical and related to hydro politics, to construct the argument. Therefore, this paper concludes that instead of employing (neo) liberalism, constructivism, and human security, it is realism/ neo-realism which still reigns supreme in explaining India-Pakistan political as well as water relations.

520 p. ; This thesis proposes a critical deconstruction of Alexander Wendt's theory. We underline the genealogy of his thought in the contexts of social theory and international relations theory.Thus, we can say that the Wendtian theory does not solve the agency-structure problem, but actually emphasizes the very terminological problem of this debate. In particular, Wendt's will to synthesize two co-determinist approaches – critical realism and constructivism – shows the deadlock of such a thinking mode. A semantic reformulation of the debate becomes a necessity, therefore the development of concepts such as process, relations, habitus and figurations coming from Eliasian thought. A reconstruction is then offered, wich is based on relationism or process sociology as developped by Norbert Elias. A relationist approach allows us to underline the process character of any social reality in order to avoid reifications so common in traditional social thinking. Besides, to explain and understand international politics, we need to work on the longue durée in order to study the evolution (often slow) of social processes. Finally, with Elias, we integrate a psychological dimension to the understanding of international politics through the concept of habitus wich is, at the same time, social and psychological. In other words, there is a need to open a discussion on the role of emotions, affects and their self-control in the relations of violence on the international scene. The overall goal is to humanize, socialize and historicize theories of international relations. ; Cette thèse propose une démonstration critique de l'œuvre d'Alexander Wendt. On mettra en lumière la généalogie de sa pensée qui se retrouve en théorie sociale et en relations internationales. Ainsi, on peut dire que la théorie wendtienne, loin d'apporter une réponse au traditionnel débat agency-structure, met en réalité en évidence le problème fondamental posé par les termes mêmes de ce débat. La volonté affichée par Wendt de synthétiser les deux approches ...

This book brings a constructivist approach to analyzing public goods by recognizing that preferences are socially constructed from the actors' identities. This synthesis of constructivism and rational choice provides a deeper understanding of the decision to provide goods such as protecting human rights and collective security.

This volume develops and applies the American philosophical naturalist tradition of the mid-20th century. It argues for the philosophical value and usefulness of this underappreciated tradition for a number of contemporary theoretical and practical issues, such as the modernist/postmodernist divide and debates over philosophical constructivism