Suchergebnisse

Integration on the Post-soviet area is a controversial issue as the states that used to be a part of the single socialistic state became independent and faced the situation when they had to fend for themselves, elaborate new identities state policies in the social, political and economic spheres. It is obvious that in spite the initial impulse of centrifugal force in the relations with the neighbors, post-Soviet states leaders understood that it is in their interest to establish and support relations with the states that have similar identity presented with common history, values and the political will. The main consequence of that understanding is the establishment of the sub-regional integration and cooperation organizations. I claim that the two politically polar sub-regional organizations on the post-Soviet area as Eurasian Economic Community (EurAsEC) on the one hand and Georgia, Ukraine, Azerbaijan, Moldova (GUAM) on the other hand, can be examined from the point of view of the Constructivist school of international relations with the use of cultures of anarchy concept created by Alexander Wendt. The chosen tool for analysis is the discourse analysis. In the present thesis research I will identify discourse of Kantian culture of anarchy within the sub-regional integration and cooperation organizations as GUAM and EurAsEC. For that assessment I will analyze the official documents, press releases, articles in mass media and speeches of the officials of these institutes.The results of my studies allow me to argue that collaboration of states within different organizations is reflected in a friend, mutual-aid and common benefit Kantian culture of anarchy.

The Republic of Turkey is the most controversial candidate state for European Union membership to date. Not only does Turkey face obstacles with the technical aspects of the enlargement process such as changes in domestic policies, the legal system, and economy, but the proposed accession of Turkey to the European Union exposes a divergence in norms, values and state identity. The process of international socialization is one explanation for the domestic changes occurring in Turkey as part of European Union membership negotiations. Through the lens of the constructivist-rationalist debate in international relations, this study examines how changes in domestic norms are imposed on a target state by an international actor, eventually leading to changes in state behavior and identity. Secularism and the status of women in Turkey are utilized as examples that demonstrate both similarities and differences in the normative values of Turkey and the European Union. This study concludes with a discussion of the credibility of the European Union's offer of membership and its impact on the international socialization process occurring in Turkey. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 The Military Religious Organizations Judicial Systems and Courts Healthcare or medical systems National government Honesty of elections Financial institutions or banks Quality and integrity of the media In Turkey, do you have confidence in each of the following or not? Percent saying yes .

Several empirical studies of the social construction of risk have been conducted within the risk study paradigm but little attention has been paid so far to the flip side of this process, i.e., exclusion of risk from social consciousness by deliberately or involuntarily rendering it invisible, disregarding or marginalising it. This article, based on the concept of risk proposed by Ulrich Beck, Mary Douglas and Aaron Wildavsky and the findings of the sociology of scientific ignorance, introduces the "risk-concealment category." This category applies to the mechanisms and processes underlying the social definition and construction of risk. It then presents the main functional areas of the mechanisms of risk-concealment in social practice and identifies the basic types of mechanisms which can be found at various stages of social risk definition and which lead to the social construction of the sense of security. The status of this text is projective and the possible paths of further exploration of the subject are outlined. The purpose of this article is to suggest a new research area focusing on the various aspects of risk-concealment and the underlying mechanisms, rules and action strategies. The mechanisms of risk assessment, political-economical risk definition and risk discourse are discussed.

International audience ; In the framework of the theory of social conflicts developed by J. P. Pages, we have done resarch on pratice of mountain sports. We first develope the structure of opinions on sports in the mountains with the objective of understanding the interplay between these opinions in the management of that space of pratice. Beyond the presentation of the explanatory variables for these differences. The article presents the theoritical framework and methodology used in this particular survey. As part of the constructivist perspective, the construction of opinion questionnaires requires the mastery on a particular methodological procedure that is also presented here. ; Notre étude consiste à effectuer une enquête auprès du public en vue de présenter les structures de l'opinion sportive en montagne. Cette procédure permet d'observer les jeux de différences entre pratiquants dans la manière d'opiner lors de débats portant sur les orientations politiques de ces destinations touristiques. Des structures émergent dévoilant les méta-symboles qui organisent la production de valeurs que l'on ne peut dissocier des usages sportifs de la montagne. L'enjeu porte sur la transformation du politique en vue de mieux intégrer le public aux procédures décisionnelles et sur une remise en causes des techniques d'enquête habituellement réalisées en sciences politiques.

International audience ; In the framework of the theory of social conflicts developed by J. P. Pages, we have done resarch on pratice of mountain sports. We first develope the structure of opinions on sports in the mountains with the objective of understanding the interplay between these opinions in the management of that space of pratice. Beyond the presentation of the explanatory variables for these differences. The article presents the theoritical framework and methodology used in this particular survey. As part of the constructivist perspective, the construction of opinion questionnaires requires the mastery on a particular methodological procedure that is also presented here. ; Notre étude consiste à effectuer une enquête auprès du public en vue de présenter les structures de l'opinion sportive en montagne. Cette procédure permet d'observer les jeux de différences entre pratiquants dans la manière d'opiner lors de débats portant sur les orientations politiques de ces destinations touristiques. Des structures émergent dévoilant les méta-symboles qui organisent la production de valeurs que l'on ne peut dissocier des usages sportifs de la montagne. L'enjeu porte sur la transformation du politique en vue de mieux intégrer le public aux procédures décisionnelles et sur une remise en causes des techniques d'enquête habituellement réalisées en sciences politiques.

International audience ; In the framework of the theory of social conflicts developed by J. P. Pages, we have done resarch on pratice of mountain sports. We first develope the structure of opinions on sports in the mountains with the objective of understanding the interplay between these opinions in the management of that space of pratice. Beyond the presentation of the explanatory variables for these differences. The article presents the theoritical framework and methodology used in this particular survey. As part of the constructivist perspective, the construction of opinion questionnaires requires the mastery on a particular methodological procedure that is also presented here. ; Notre étude consiste à effectuer une enquête auprès du public en vue de présenter les structures de l'opinion sportive en montagne. Cette procédure permet d'observer les jeux de différences entre pratiquants dans la manière d'opiner lors de débats portant sur les orientations politiques de ces destinations touristiques. Des structures émergent dévoilant les méta-symboles qui organisent la production de valeurs que l'on ne peut dissocier des usages sportifs de la montagne. L'enjeu porte sur la transformation du politique en vue de mieux intégrer le public aux procédures décisionnelles et sur une remise en causes des techniques d'enquête habituellement réalisées en sciences politiques.

This article applies an interpretive approach to behaviour to explain why the United States' American Federation of Labor – Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO) has opposed free trade agreements whereas the British Trade Union Congress (TUC) has endorsed them and why the AFLCIO shifted its position on trade liberalisation around 1970. The AFL-CIO has opposed FTAs because it views past costs of trade liberalisation as excessive and believes that FTAs do not protect workers enough against surges in imports. The British TUC has accepted FTAs and the enlargement of the EU because it sees no economic alternative to open markets. On a substantive level, the article describes how the US and the British trade union confederations have approached trade liberalisation and FTAs. On an analytical level, the article emphasises the autonomy of individual and group beliefs with respect to structures and with respect to dominant ideas and therefore the need to examine these beliefs when explaining behaviour.