Suchergebnisse
Filter
What is the 'Fight Against Corruption' in Nicaragua? ; What is the 'Fight Against Corruption' in Nicaragua?
Two hundred years ago in Great Britain, the political system was dominated by electoral power exercised through rotten boroughs, a system characterized by institutionalized corruption - these electoral boroughs were owned by local elites, and voting was restricted to a handful of people. Whilst industrially she was the wonder of the world, the political system in Great Britain was restricted, corruption was the norm, and it seemed impossible to imagine that such an ancient system could be changed. By the time of the Reform Act of 1832 however, Britain had already been going through a process of constitutional change lasting for hundreds of years – it is only now, from our position of 20/20 hindsight, that we choose to interpret all of the events since the signing of the Magna Carta in 1215 as if it were some seamless whole, an inevitable process that would lead to the position of superior moral governance that we appear to think we are in now ; Two hundred years ago in Great Britain, the political system was dominated by electoral power exercised through rotten boroughs, a system characterized by institutionalized corruption - these electoral boroughs were owned by local elites, and voting was restricted to a handful of people. Whilst industrially she was the wonder of the world, the political system in Great Britain was restricted, corruption was the norm, and it seemed impossible to imagine that such an ancient system could be changed. By the time of the Reform Act of 1832 however, Britain had already been going through a process of constitutional change lasting for hundreds of years – it is only now, from our position of 20/20 hindsight, that we choose to interpret all of the events since the signing of the Magna Carta in 1215 as if it were some seamless whole, an inevitable process that would lead to the position of superior moral governance that we appear to think we are in now.
BASE
Una investigación sobre la corrupción pública y sus determinantes
In: Revista mexicana de ciencias políticas y sociales, Band 61, Heft 227, S. 103-135
ISSN: 2448-492X
Desde la crisis económica internacional de 2008 el estudio de la corrupción pública ha cobrado particular protagonismo. Este tipo de acontecimientos demandan mejorar el control del erario para cerrar la brecha entre gastos e ingresos públicos. Sin embargo, en la investigación sobre sus determinantes, aún son ambiguas ciertas asociaciones, tanto teóricas como empíricas, de manera que buena parte de las conclusiones preliminares no se pueden tomar como una guía de acción o política. Además de presentar una revisión de la literatura sobre el tema, en este trabajo se sostiene que un factor central que limita la extensión de la corrupción es la probabilidad de que ésta sea descubierta. Además, se consideran diversas especificaciones econométricas usando un panel de datos no balanceado que incorpora datos de más de 150 países entre los años 1995 y 2010, para identificar hasta qué punto algunas asociaciones estadísticas son robustas de modo que se pueden tomar como un referente para diseñar las estrategias necesarias tendientes a controlar la corrupción.
Corruption in the Times of Pandemia
La crisis de salud pública causada por la pandemia de COVID-19, junto con la subsiguiente emergencia económica y la agitación social, ha empujado a los gobiernos a aumentar el gasto de manera sustancial y rápida. Debido a la naturaleza apremiante de la crisis, las normas y procedimientos de contratación pública se han relajado en muchos lugares para acelerar las transacciones. Sin embargo, esto también puede crear oportunidades para la corrupción. Utilizando información a nivel de contrato sobre el gasto público de la plataforma de compras electrónicas de Colombia, y una estrategia de identificación de diferencias en diferencias, encontramos que los municipios clasificados por un algoritmo de aprendizaje automático como tradicionalmente más propensos a la corrupción reaccionan al aumento del gasto liderado por una pandemia. utilizando una mayor proporción de contratos discrecionales no competitivos y aumentando su valor promedio. Esto es especialmente así en el caso de los contratos para adquirir bienes y servicios relacionados con la crisis. Nuestra evidencia sugiere que los grandes shocks negativos que requieren un gasto rápido y masivo pueden aumentar la corrupción, compensando al menos parcialmente los efectos atenuantes de este instrumento fiscal. ; The public health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, coupled with the subsequent economic emergency and social turmoil, has pushed governments to substantially and swiftly increase spending. Because of the pressing nature of the crisis, public procurement rules and procedures have been relaxed in many places in order to expedite transactions. However, this may also create opportunities for corruption. Using contract-level information on public spending from Colombia's e-procurement platform, and a difference-in-differences identification strategy, we find that municipalities classified by a machine learning algorithm as traditionally more prone to corruption react to the pandemic-led spending surge by using a larger proportion of discretionary non-competitive contracts and increasing their average value. This is especially so in the case of contracts to procure crisis-related goods and services. Our evidence suggests that large negative shocks that require fast and massive spending may increase corruption, thus at least partially offsetting the mitigating effects of this fiscal instrument.
BASE
Corruption in Contemporary Politics
In: Revista de estudios políticos, Heft 133, S. 197-221
ISSN: 0048-7694
What is the 'Fight Against Corruption' in Nicaragua?
Two hundred years ago in Great Britain, the political system was dominated by electoral power exercised through rotten boroughs, a system characterized by institutionalized corruption - these electoral boroughs were owned by local elites, and voting was restricted to a handful of people. Whilst industrially she was the wonder of the world, the political system in Great Britain was restricted, corruption was the norm, and it seemed impossible to imagine that such an ancient system could be changed. By the time of the Reform Act of 1832 however, Britain had already been going through a process of constitutional change lasting for hundreds of years – it is only now, from our position of 20/20 hindsight, that we choose to interpret all of the events since the signing of the Magna Carta in 1215 as if it were some seamless whole, an inevitable process that would lead to the position of superior moral governance that we appear to think we are in now.
BASE
What is the 'Fight Against Corruption' in Nicaragua?
Two hundred years ago in Great Britain, the political system was dominated by electoral power exercised through rotten boroughs, a system characterized by institutionalized corruption - these electoral boroughs were owned by local elites,and voting was restricted to a handful of people. Whilst industrially she was the wonder of the world, the political system in Great Britain was restricted, corruption was the norm, and it seemed impossible to imagine that such an ancient systemcould be changed. By the time of the Reform Act of 1832 however, Britain had already been going through a process of constitutional change lasting for hundredsof years – it is only now, from our position of 20/20 hindsight, that we choose to interpret all of the events since the signing of the Magna Carta in 1215 as if it were some seamless whole, an inevitable process that would lead to the position of superior moral governance that we appear to think we are in now.
BASE
The Chairman's leadership of corruption investigation management
ABSTRACT Corruption crime has recently received more attention from the police. The management of investigating corruption cases is an interesting problem and it has had a big influence on both political and state life. The purpose of this study was to explain and identify the leadership of the team of investigators in the corruption cases investigating management. This research used a qualitative approach combined with a descriptive research method. The results of this study concluded that leadership is a process used by leaders to direct the organization and to provide examples of behavior for their subordinates in the investigation team.
BASE
Corrupción y democracia ; Corruption and democracy
In: Revista de Ciencias Sociales ; 0328-2643
Seligson, M. (2003). Corrupción y democracia. Revista de Ciencias Sociales 14, 67-96. ; Uno de los problemas más serios que Ecuador ha enfrentado en los últimos años es el de la corrupción. Publicitados escándalos en el gobierno y en el sector bancario han ocupado titulares en noticias nacionales e internacionales. La corrupción en Ecuador no se ha limitado a estos sectores sino que se ha extendido a muchas áreas. Un reciente informe de la Contraloría General del Estado encontró que de 1.496 auditorías efectuadas en el año 200, en un 34% de los casos había indicios de responsabilidad penal y en 50% de los casos podía haber responsabilidad civil. La Comisión de Control Cívico de la Corrupción fue creada en 1997 para enfrentar este serio problema. Las encuestas de opinión pública no son buenos instrumentos para medir la magnitud y naturaleza de la corrupción en altas funciones puesto que tales actos son pocos en número y la mayor parte de lo que el público sabe acerca de ellos viene de los reportes de los medios de comunicación. Las encuestas, sin embargo, son mecanismos excelentes para medir la clase de corrupción que afecta a los ciudadanos en sus vidas diarias. De hecho, más adelante se demuestra que en comparación con los bien conocidos pero a menudo criticados Índices de Percepción de la Corrupción de Transparencia Internacional, las encuestas son la mejor forma de medir tal corrupción. El Proyecto de Opinión Pública Latinoamericana de la Universidad de Pittsburgh ha realizado varios estudios sobre corrupción, concentrándose en la magnitud de la corrupción experimentada por los ciudadanos, la percepción ciudadana de la honestidad o deshonestidad en varias instituciones y el impacto de la corrupción sobre la democracia. En este capítulo el interés se concentrará en Ecuador, incluyendo comparaciones con otros países cuando sea apropiado ; Corruption is one of the most serious problems Ecuador has faced in the last years. Public scandals in government and in the banking sector were placed in the headlines of national and international media. The corruption in Ecuador has also spread to other sectors of the society. A recently report found that there were 34% cases of penal responsibility and 50% cases of civil responsibility from 1.496 investigations made in 2001. The Civil Commission of Corruption Control was created in 1997 to face this serious problem. The public polls are not good instruments to measure the magnitude and nature of corruption in high functions because these acts are very few and what the public opinion know about them comes only from media reports. The public polls, however, are excellent instruments to measure the kind of corruption that affects citizens in their daily lives. In fact, as it will be proved further in this paper, public polls are the best way to measure corruption, even better than the well known and criticized International Transparency Corruption Perception Index. Pittsburgh University Latinoamerican Public Opinion Proyect has made several studies about corruption, focusing in the magnitude of corruption experienced by citizens, citizen perception of honesty / dishonesty in institutions and corruption's impact on democracy. In this work the main interest will be Ecuador, including different comparisons with other countries when necessary.
BASE
Political Corruption: Concepts and Contexts
In: Revista de estudios políticos, Heft 133, S. 197-221
ISSN: 0048-7694
Corruption: psychopathology ; La corrupción: Psicopatología
It elaborates a phenomenologic systematization of corruption; a serious spiritual morbid process, whose genesis starts since the origin of humanity. Nowadays, it`s pandemic in the anethic and dehumanized society, which is ruled by antivalues. In Peru, corruption was not registered in the Tahuantinsuyo empire. It began in the Colony when the conquerors introduced it into our society; and it has continued through the Republic period until our days. It has become a serious problem to our spiritual health, with a devastating impact in every field of our social reality, until it became a factor of destabilization of the state and ungovernability. It presents a , dysfunctional psicosocial profile of Peruvians; defines corruption as a serious spiritual disturbance, in which the individual suffers of a lack of conscience of the damage caused to his fellowmen. The characteristics, etiology, phenomenology and structure are discussed. Also, the different stages of corruption, its main manifestations, the dysfunctional institutionality in its aberrant forms. The informal institutionality, and hidden institutionality, the eschatological culture has been described, the more common expressions of the language of corruption and the image of corrupted leaders. As well as the syndrome of corrupted politics, its semiology and its consequences. Finally, some reflections of this disturbance and the appropiate alternatives with the purpose of contributing in the eradication of this from the heart of the society. ; Se elabora una sistematización fenomenológica de la corrupción; grave proceso mórbido espiritual, cuya génesis se remonta a los orígenes de la humanidad. Actualmente es una pandemia en la sociedad anética y deshumanizada, regida más por los antivalores. En elPerú, la corrupción no tuvo registro en la Época del Tahuantinsuyo. Esta se inició en la Época Colonial con la presencia de los conquistadores, quienes la introdujeron en la sociedad peruana; y continuó en la Época Republicana hasta la actualidad, habiéndose convertido en un grave problema de salud espiritual, con impacto devastador en todos los campos de la realidad social, hasta convertirse en un factor de desestabilización del Estado y de ingobernabilidad. Seguidamente se presenta el perfil psicosocial disfuncional del peruaño; se formula una definición de la corrupción como un grave trastorno espiritual, en el cual el individuo carece de conciencia del daño que ocasiona a sus semejantes. Se abordan sus características, etiología, fenomenología y estructura. También, se mencionan los diversos escenarios de la corrupción, sus principales manifestaciones, la institucionalidad disfuncional en sus formas aberrantes: La institucionalidad informal y la institucionalidad oculta. Luego se describe la cultura escatológica, el lenguaje de la corrupción con las expresiones más comunes del acervo popular y la imagenología de las cúpulas dirigentes. Así como el síndrome de la corruptela política, la semiología correspondiente y las secuelas de la corrupción. Finalmente, unas reflexiones sobre este trastorno y las alternativas pertinentes con el propósito de contribuir a erradicarlo del seno de la sociedad.
BASE
The socialization of mexican political elites through corruption
This article focuses on the study of corruption as one of the factors influencing and facilitating the socialization of Mexican political elites in the context of political relations based on close friendship, family relations, caciquism or bossism, and patronage. It also analyzes the phenomenon of corruption as a factor in the process of political recruitment, mobility of elites and provides a scheme in the exercise of political power in Mexico. ; El presente artículo se concentra en el estudio de la corrupción como uno de los elementos que influye y facilita la socialización de las élites políticas mexicanas en el marco de relaciones políticas fundadas en compadrazgo, amiguismo, padrinazgo, familiarismo y clientelismo. Asimismo, se analiza el fenómeno de la corrupción como un factor que interviene en el proceso de reclutamiento político, movilidad de las élites y proporciona un referente en el ejercicio del poder político en México.
BASE
La moral tributaria en América Latina y la corrupción como uno de sus determinantes
In: Revista mexicana de ciencias políticas y sociales, Band 60, Heft 224, S. 103-132
ISSN: 2448-492X
Este artículo considera que la corrupción es un factor central en el estudio del grado de moral tributaria que exhibe un ciudadano, entendida ésta como su disposición a pagar impuestos. Esta idea es argumentada retórica y analíticamente y puesta a prueba a través de una constatación empírica que toma varios modelos probit ordenados, estimados con base en datos de la encuesta realizada en 2010 por Latinobarómetro en dieciocho países de América Latina. Entre los hallazgos destaca que la experiencia personal con este fenómeno no parece ser relevante, aunque sí la percepción nacional que se tiene de su incidencia, la cual obedece a la opinión que tiene un conjunto amplio de actores, entre ellos los empresarios y ciudadanos.
Combating sports corruption: an analysis of international regulations
In: Cuestiones Políticas; edición de julio de 2022, Band 40, Heft 73, S. 364-376
ISSN: 2542-3185
Today, sport is one of the most developed and highly profitable industries. According to various sources, the annual revenue of industry participants is estimated at at least $145 billion. The article analyzes the relevant international anti-corruption legal acts. We would like to emphasize that the adoption of these documents and the ratification of most of them is an important step in the fight against corruption in sport. At the same time, most of these international standards are aimed at combating corruption, that is, they offer active and punitive measures to combat it. Instead, the authors insist on the priority of preventive measures against corruption. The author's classified approach to measures to combat corruption in sport is proposed. It is concluded that the first step should be to combat corruption in international sports organizations. The effectiveness of anti-corruption measures in this area depends mainly on the transparency of their activities. Another area of corruption in sport is determined to be grassroots corruption. The oldest form of corrupt sport is that which arises spontaneously during competitions between two participants or two teams.