Suchergebnisse

U radu se daje prikaz sudbenih tijela (Upravni, Vrhovni i Ustavni sud te Europski sud za ljudska prava) pred kojima državni službenici mogu tražiti sudsku zaštitu protiv izvršnih (konačnih) odluka u disciplinskim postupcima, i to redoslijedom (obraćanja sudu) koji državni službenici moraju pritom poštovati. Uz analizu pozitvnog hrvatskog zakonodavstva, povijesni prikaz sudske zaštite državnih službenika i navođenje statističkih podataka o radu upravnih sudova, daje se i prikaz komparativnog zakonodavstva o zaštiti službenika pred upravnim sudovima. Zaključak je da je državnim službenicima Republike Hrvatske, iako je znatno ograničeno pravo na žalbu u upravnom sporu, osigurana bolja sudska zaštita nego je to bilo dosada. Postupak pred upravnim sudom vodi se kao spor pune jurisdikcije i zaštita pred Europskim sudom za ljudska prava osigurana je svim kategorijama državnih službenika. Predlaže se, s obzirom na zakonski prijedlog da u svim predmetima na prvom stupnju pred upravnim sudom sudi sudac pojedinac, ukidanje »filtra« za žalbu Visokom upravnom sudu, a ekonomičnost i efikasnost upravnog postupka i upravnog spora mogu se poboljšati ukidanjem drugog stupnja u upravnom postupku. ; The author outlines the judicial bodies (the High Administrative Court, administrative courts, the Supreme Court, the Constitutional Court and the European Court of Human Rights) in which state servants of the Republic of Croatia can seek court protection against enforceable decisions in disciplinary procedures. The bodies are enumerated in the hierarchical order of appeal, which must be obeyed. The author analyses the Croatian legislation, describes the development of court protection of civil servants, provides statistical data on the performance of administrative courts, and performs a comparative analysis of the legislation related to the protection of civil servants in administrative courts. The paper proceeds by explaining the proceedings before the Supreme Court, the Constitutional Court, and the European Court of Human Rights. The explanation includes the court practice of the ECHR. It is concluded that state civil servants of the Republic of Croatia are now better protected in courts than before, but their right to appeal in administrative disputes is rather limited. The procedure before the administrative court is a dispute of full jurisdiction and the protection of the European Court of Human Rights is ensured to all the categories of civil servants. Considering the draft law proposal that all first-instance procedures in administrative courts are led by a single judge, it is suggested that the »filters« for appeal to the Supreme Court are abolished, and to improve the economy and efficiency of the administrative procedure and administrative dispute by abolishing the second instance of administrative procedure.

U radu se analiziraju neki problemi upravnih sudova koji se javljaju u praksi Europskog suda za zaštitu ljudskih prava te sudova nekih država članica Europske unije. Posebna pažnja posvećena je pravu na suđenje u razumnom roku, izvršenju sudskih odluka, pravu na hitne sudske mjere i suspenzivnom učinku tužbe. Zaključuje se da se glavna problematika znanstvenog istraživanja, kada je riječ o upravnom sporu, bavi pitanjem, osim očitog trenda europeizacije načela upravnog spora usmjerenog prema europeizaciji postupovnog prava u cjelini, je li moguće uočiti konvergencijske trendove u odnosu na pravne učinke odluka upravnih sudova u Europskoj uniji. ; Certain problems of administrative courts appearing in the jurisprudence of the European Court for the Protection of Human Rights and of some EU member states are analysed in the paper. Particular stress is on the right to trial within reasonable time, execution of court decisions, right to emergency court measures, and suspending effect of the lawsuit. There is an obvious trend of Europeanization of the principles of administrative dispute, which is consistent with general Europeanization of administrative law.It is concluded that scientific research in the field of administrative dispute is mainly concerned with the question of whether it is possible to spot convergence trends with regard to legal effects of administrative courts' decisions in the European Union.

Pozornost je autora u ovom radu usmjerena, ponajviše, prema upravnom sporu pune jurisdikcije. Zbog važnosti upravnosudske kontrole činjeničnog stanja i zbog postojanja različitih gledišta po tom pitanju, opširnije se prikazuje spor pune jurisdikcije u francuskom upravnom pravu. U članku se ukazuje na važnost novih činjenica u upravnom sporu, posebno ako iste nedvojbeno pokazuju da su različite od činjeničnog stanja utvrđenog u upravnom postupku. U zaključku rada ukazuje se na promjenivost upravnog spora pune jurisdikcije. ; The author's attention is focussed mainly on full adjudication administrative dispute. Due to the importance of administrative court control of the facts and due to the existence of varying viewpoints regarding this issue, full adjudication administrative dispute in French administrative law is shown. This paper points out the significance of new facts in administrative dispute in particular if these undoubtedly show that they are different to the facts established in the administrative proceedings. In conclusion, the changeability of full adjudication administrative dispute is shown.

Međunarodni kazneni sud novo je međunarodno tijelo kojem je glavni cilj istraga i suđenje slučajeva genocida, ratnih zločina, te zločina protiv čovječnosti u zemljama članicama. Iako su Sjedinjene Američke Države u 2000. potpisale Rimski statut, međunarodnu povelju iz 1998. koja predstavlja osnovicu Međunarodnog kaznenog suda, Busheva vlada napravila je velik zaokret godinu dana kasnije, potpuno se ograđujući od svake ideje o suđenju Amerikancima izvan zemlje. Tekst analizira glavne argumente američke vanjske politike povezane s Međunarodnim kaznenim sudom, od navodne pristranosti Suda, te odnosa između Suda i Ujedinjenih naroda, pa sve do pitanja američkog suvereniteta. Također, ponuđena je i međunarodnopravna politička kritika nedavnih poteza američke vlade, koji štete i američkim nacionalnim interesima, i međunarodnoj sigurnosti. ; The International Criminal Court is a new international body constituted with the aim of prosecuting and trying cases of genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. Although in 2000 the United States signed the 1998 Rome Statute, which is the foundation of the International Criminal Court, the Bush Administration took a radically different position the following year, protecting itself from any idea of trying American citizens abroad. This text analyses the main U.S. foreign policy arguments pertaining to the ICC, from the alleged impartiality of the Court and the relationship between the Court and the United Nations, to the question of American sovereignty. In addition, the text offers an international legal and political critique of the recent U.S. policy actions, which harmed both American national interests, as well as international security.

Right of access to a court, enshrined in Article 6 § 1 of the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms forms one of the basis for reinforcement of the principle of rule of law. However, the right of access to a court may be limited by provisions of national legislation regulating the functioning of the judicial system and rules of judicial procedure. The higher the hierarchy of the court, the more limits may be placed on the right of access to it. The aim of this article is to examine the different modalities of organisation of supreme judiciaries in European countries (members of the Council of Europe) and mechanisms established in national legislation for filtering applications to those jurisdictions in civil cases, in light of the principles set forth in that regard by the ever evolving case-law of the European Court of Human Rights, and the effects of its judgments and decisions on national legal systems. ; Right of access to a court, enshrined in Article 6 § 1 of the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms forms one of the basis for reinforcement of the principle of rule of law. However, the right of access to a court may be limited by provisions of national legislation regulating the functioning of the judicial system and rules of judicial procedure. The higher the hierarchy of the court, the more limits may be placed on the right of access to it. The aim of this article is to examine the different modalities of organisation of supreme judiciaries in European countries (members of the Council of Europe) and mechanisms established in national legislation for filtering applications to those jurisdictions in civil cases, in light of the principles set forth in that regard by the ever evolving case-law of the European Court of Human Rights, and the effects of its judgments and decisions on national legal systems.

The author looks into the position of the Constitutional Court in the light of the proposed Constitutional Law on amendments & modifications of the Constitutional Law on the Constitutional Court that would change some powers of the Constitutional Court. A short historical review shows that the Croatian people belong to the European civilizational setting, as evidenced by numerous documents & statutes that have regulated the rule of law in Croatia. According to the Croatian Constitution, the Constitutional Court is assigned a special place outside the system of the division of power into the legislative, the executive, & the judiciary; it is a special constitutional category that cannot be under the scrutiny of law since it scrutinizes laws. The author goes on to enumerate the changes in the jurisdiction & the operation of the Court envisaged in this new proposal of the Constitutional Law. The author concludes that constitutional courts are the very core of Western democracy & that they protect constitutions as a constantly developing living form. 59 References. Adapted from the source document.

Using the most recent archival sources, the author describes the organization of the judiciary & the courts in Zadar & Dalmatia after the Italian occupation in 1918. In violation of the cease-fire agreement, the Italian occupational authorities reorganized the judiciary institutions & defined the new territorial jurisdiction of courts so as to establish judiciary control over both the occupied & unoccupied parts of Dalmatia. The purpose of this new organization of the courts & the constant propaganda relating to it was to prove that Zadar & Dalmatia belonged to Italy -- culturally, civilizationally, & politically. 3 Appendixes, 13 References. Adapted from the source document.

Using the most recent archival sources, the author describes the organization of the judiciary & the courts in Zadar & Dalmatia after the Italian occupation in 1918. In violation of the cease-fire agreement, the Italian occupational authorities reorganized the judiciary institutions & defined the new territorial jurisdiction of courts so as to establish judiciary control over both the occupied & unoccupied parts of Dalmatia. The purpose of this new organization of the courts & the constant propaganda relating to it was to prove that Zadar & Dalmatia belonged to Italy -- culturally, civilizationally, & politically. 3 Appendixes, 13 References. Adapted from the source document.

Šteta nastala upotrebom vozila jedna je od pretpostavki nastanka obveze za osiguratelja od automobilske odgovornosti. Sadržaj pojma "upotreba vozila" nije posebno određen (definiran) u Zakonu o obveznim osiguranjima u prometu niti u direktivama Europske unije koje se odnose na obvezna osiguranja u prometu. To je razlog nastanka mnogobrojnih sporova iz pokrića osiguranja od automobilske odgovornosti. U radu se nastoji prikazati sadržaj pojma "upotreba vozila" koji je proizišao iz domaće i europske sudske prakse uz istodobno upozoravanje na neke razlike u njegovu shvaćanju koje se vezuju uz tendenciju proširenja obveze osiguratelja od automobilske odgovornosti. ; Damage caused by or arising from the use of a vehicle is a prerequisite for the emergence of obligations on the part of car insurers. The scope of the term "vehicle use" is not precisely defined either by the Compulsory Car Insurance Act, or by the EU directives on compulsory traffic-related insurance, which explains numerous car insurance disputes. The paper aims to shed light on the scope of the term "vehicle use" in Croatian and EU case law, as well as shift attention to the term's varying interpretations, because of which car insurers tend to meet more obligations.

Court activism occurs when courts not only dabble in pronouncing sentences but also want to take part in the creation of social policies & thus come into contact with many more people than when solving cases on an individual basis. Activism of a court is measured by the degree of its "authority" over the citizens, the legislature, & the administration. The author defines the concept & the elements of court activism through the examples of several developed constitutional democracies. He concludes that court activism in the form known in contemporary constitutional democracies is lacking in Croatia. Adapted from the source document.

The great story of don Quijote is the first novel in the literary West which attempts to restore the lost gestures (of mercy, chivalry, generosity, morality, & politicality as common interest), or rather bring them within the range of remembrance of the new epoch. Or, in the words of G. Agamben, "it tries for the last time to evoke that which threatens to elude it forever." The insanity of the epoch is manifest primarily through the insanity related to "loss of control over the gestures"; thus a demented gesticulation with absolute gestures of power becomes a universal symptom. It is precisely to this insanity of his time that the insane don Quijote responds with imagined or imaginary pure gestures of pure chivalry. This is the code of don Quijote's insanity: everyone claims that he alone is insane, but no one is aware that they themselves have fallen into the trap of insanity. The historical events testify to this fall into insanity, to the forgetting of every genuine chivalrous gesture, first & foremost towards adversaries, women, children, the elderly & the politically deprived. The end of religious tolerance is connected with the collapse of chivalrous idealism. The unhappy or lost mankind has lost its gestures of chivalry, morality & politicality, & this is the hour of the cruel world of outright political violence. The center of this world of dismay is the court as "the court of death," as the image of "evil giants" & "colossuses" which it sends forth from its deadly womb as the sole life-forces. Presently the court spreads the seed of wizardry as the seed of death to all corners of the world, as well as all arbitrary powers, from wizarding to nuclear, both in the present & in the future. Adapted from the source document.

Autorica u članku analizira položaj Dubrovnika u prvoj fazi protudvorskog pokreta (1384. – 1390.). Razmatra odnos između Dubrovnika, ugarskog vladara i krune Sv. Stjepana u vremenu dinastičkih borbi i velikaških ambicija, a osobito obrađuje problem stupanja Sigismunda Luksemburškog (1387. – 1437.) na ugarski tron. ; The period of rule of the Hungarian-Croatian king Louis Anjou (1342-1382) is considered by the historiography as a golden age of Croatian medieval history. Croatia and Slavonia regained connection with the Dalmatian towns and Dubrovnik for the first time became part of the Hungarian kingdom. The whole kingdom and especially towns on the eastern Adriatic coast went through a period of positive economic growth. After the death of the king Louis Anjou the situation in Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia changed. The question of legitimacy of king's rule appeared and dynastic and other political struggles intensified. In such situation it is interesting to follow the position of Dubrovnik as king's stronghold at the southernmost end of the kingdom. Dubrovnik led a balanced policy. It proclaimed its loyalty to the crown and then to the king with the legitimate right to carry St Stephen's crown. Leading circles in Dubrovnik were well aware of the positive side of king's supreme protection and they used this circumstance to widen town's autonomy, enlarge the territory under its control and achieve economic prosperity. Such relation toward the ruler later became part of the Dubrovnik's political ideology.