Criminal Justice Processing and the Social Matrix of Adversity
In: The annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Band 651, Heft 1, S. 296-301
ISSN: 1552-3349
In: The annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Band 651, Heft 1, S. 296-301
ISSN: 1552-3349
In: A GlassHouse book
Mikkel Jarle Christensen and Ron Levi / Introduction : an internationalized criminal justice : paths of law and paths of police -- Mikkel Jarle Christensen / Reunited Europe and the internationalization of criminal law : the creation and circulation of criminal law as an international governance tool -- Antoine Mégie / Displacing and replacing the criminal law within the European space -- Jamie Rowen / The transformation of legal ideas: the globalization and politicization of transitional justice in the Middle East -- Valsamis Mitsilegas / The global governance of transnational crime : implications for justice and the rule of law -- Ron Levi, Sara Dezalay, and Michael Amiraslani / Prosecutorial strategies and opening statements : justifying international prosecutions from the international military tribunal at Nuremberg through to the international criminal court -- Nicola Langille and Frédéric Mégret / Red notices and transnational police practices -- Kerstin Bree Carlson / Trading on guilt : the judicial logic of plea bargains at the ICTY and its transplant to Serbia and Bosnia -- Kirsten Campbell / The making of international criminal justice : towards a sociology of the legal field -- Mark A. Drumbl / Extracurricular international criminal law -- Michiel Luchtman and John Varvaele / Criminal investigation and prosecution by a European public prosecutor's office in the EU : shared enforcement without procedural safeguards and judicial protection? -- Victor Peskin / Virtual trials revisited : the shifting politics of state cooperation from the UN ad hoc tribunals to the international criminal court -- Sigall Horovitz / Rwanda's Kabgayi trial between international justice and national reconciliation -- Mark Kersten / As the pendulum swings : the revival of the hybrid tribunal
In: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6067
Includes abstract. ; Includes bibliographical references (p. 226-252). ; Fisheries compliance theory has evolved over the past two decades in an attempt to understand the factors that influence fishers' behaviour and to develop appropriate strategies to enhance compliance. However, much of this research, which draws on both rationalist and normative perspectives, has largely focussed on the industrial fisheries. Empirical research on the small-scale fisheries sector, therefore, has been lacking. The overall aim of this thesis has been to develop a conceptual framework for understanding and addressing small-scale fisheries compliance by drawing on experiences in South Africa. This has been achieved through a detailed investigation of two small-scale fisheries case studies, as well as a review of the small-scale fisheries sector generally. The findings from this research have emphasised the need to rethink ourunderstanding of fisheries compliance in the small-scale sector. By drawing onempirical evidence, as well as the literature review, a conceptual framework has beendeveloped that enhances existing compliance theory. This study highlights that anunderstanding of compliance behaviour first requires a critical analysis of how lawhas evolved, its history and the power dynamics that have shaped it. The conceptualframework further emphasises the need to understand compliance within a fisherysystem, acknowledging that social, economic, institutional and biophysical factors allimpact on whether or not fishers' comply with rules and laws. By applying theconceptual framework to two case studies in South Africa, key drivers that influencefisher behaviour over time are identified and changes within the fishery system areanalysed and documented. This thesis has also contributed to fisheries compliancetheory by identifying the underlying principles that are seen as necessary to guide an alternative and more integrated approach to small-scale fisheries compliance. In addition to the principles of legitimacy and deterrence, which are incorporated into existing theories of compliance, this study emphasises that the principle of social justice is required to develop a more holistic approach to understanding and addressing small-scale fisheries compliance. By embracing these principles, it is argued that fisheries policies will shift away from a sole reliance on criminal justice to achieve compliance, to a more integrated approach that aims to sustain the fishery system as a whole.
BASE
In: HeinOnline reports of U.S. presidential commissions and other advisory bodies
In: HeinOnline criminal justice & criminology
Intended for federal, state, and local policymakers in the area of criminal justice research and development, this report includes guidelines for improvement of the quality, relevance, and utilization of research results. In order to cover these issues, part two of this report focuses respectively on the needs of research and development policymakers who fund criminal justice research and development, researchers who conduct research and development, and practitioners who put research and development results into use. Guidelines and principles are proposed which should assist policymakers at all levels of government. However, some topics tend to be addressed more to the federal level, where major research and development decisions are often made. The first chapter of this part presents a detailed discussion of institutional support for criminal justice research and development. It describes the federal role in supporting this effort, focusing on who the agencies are, the extent of their involvement, and how the principal agencies are organized to manage their research and development programs. Recommendations regarding the research and development management activities of criminal justice funding agencies are included. Several important issues in the conduct of criminal justice research and development are examined in the second chapter. Among the topics discussed are constraints on research, ethical issues, research designs and methodologies, prerequisites for sound planning and project selection, ways of maintaining the confidentiality of data, and ways of making data more easily available for research and statistical purposes. The final chapter of this section discusses research and development utilization practices and the assumptions underlying current policies in this area. A criticism of these policies and recommendations for new strategies is presented. The final part of this report provides an analysis of the kinds of problems often encountered in research and development. Three general types of criminal justice research and development are discussed: technology (e.g., hardware) research, research on problems of criminal justice organizations (e.g., arrest, prosecution, sentencing, and parole), and research on new criminal justice problems. For each type of research and development, the relevant issues and recommendations are discussed. Most of these, however, still related to either the support or conduct of research and development. The report also attempts to provide concrete illustrative examples by raising the relevant issues in the context of crime prevention at commercial and residential sites (technology research), sentencing (research on problems of criminal justice organizations), and problems of the victim (research on new criminal justice problems)
In: Coexistence: a review of East-West and development issues, Band 23, Heft 1-2, S. 91
ISSN: 0587-5994
In: Social justice: a journal of crime, conflict and world order, Band 28, Heft 1, S. 138-155
ISSN: 1043-1578, 0094-7571
This book explores the politics of modernisation and transformation of probation in the criminal justice system. It draws upon innovative social theories and moral perspectives to analyse changes in the probation service, and makes a timely contribution to criminal justice and probation theory.
In: Opposing viewpoints series
Why consider opposing viewpoints? -- Introduction -- Does the criminal justice system need reform? -- Chapter preface -- 1) Grand juries should be reformed to check prosecutor power / Stanley S. Arkin -- 2) Grand juries should be reformed to reflect the communities they serve / Kevin K. Washburn -- 3) Law enforcement should cease racial profiling / Jesselyn McCurdy -- 4) Law enforcement does not engage in racial profiling / Steve Chapman -- 5) Terrorism suspects should be tried in federal court / Carl Tobias -- 6) Terrorism suspects should be tried by military commission / R. Peter Masterton -- 7) The criminal justice system should be lenient on minors / MacArthur Foundation -- Periodical bibliography -- What is the state of the prison system in the United States? -- Chapter preface -- High incarceration rates decrease crime rates / James Q. Wilson -- High incarceration rates do not necessarily decrease crime rates / Howard N. Snyder and Jeanne B. Stinchcomb -- Comprehensive reentry programs will reduce recidivism / Mark A. Nadler -- Reentry programs are often flawed / Douglas B. Marlowe -- Faith-based prison programs should be supported by the government / John D. Hewitt -- Faith-based prison programs are unconstitutional / Lawrence T. Jablecki -- Periodical bibliography -- Should sentencing laws be reformed? -- Chapter preface -- Mandatory minimum sentences are necessary and just / Alberto Gonzales -- Mandatory minimum sentences are unnecessary and unjust / Mary Price -- The death penalty should be abolished / Amnesty International -- The death penalty should not be abolished / David B. Muhlhausen -- Crack-cocaine sentencing laws should be reformed retroactively / Mark Mauer -- Crack-cocaine sentencing laws should not be reformed retroactively / Gretchen C.F. Shappert -- Periodical bibliography -- Are defendants' rights protected in the United States? -- Chapter preface -- 1) War detainees deserve the right to habeas corpus / Aziz Huq -- 2) War detainees have no right to habeas corpus / Andrew C. McCarthy -- Are we failing to safeguard the rights of poor defendants / Kirsten Anderberg -- 4) Judges are failing to safeguard the rights of poor defendants / Richard Klein -- 5) Circumventing police' knock and announce' rules violate civil rights / Radley Balko -- 6) The exclusionary rule should be abolished / William Tucker -- Periodical bibliography -- For further discussion -- Organizations to contact -- Bibliography of books -- Index
"This book offers an introduction to the philosophical issues of criminal justice ethics in a way suitable for students of criminology and criminal justice. It links philosophical concepts with empirical research in criminology and introduces criminal justice ethics, in the context of political and legal order"--
In: Peace research reviews, Band 14, Heft 4, S. 45-52
ISSN: 0553-4283
In: Dissent: a journal devoted to radical ideas and the values of socialism and democracy, Band 27, Heft 1, S. 113-115
ISSN: 0012-3846