Aspects of the financial markets that became apparent in the 2008 crisis were exacerbated by the intervention of monetary authorities. Financial markets under stress validate the general concept of Prospect Theory, under certain assumptions about the distributional characteristics of asset returns. This validation points to the need for re-examining performance metrics, such as the Sharpe Ratio and the Information Ratio. This analysis proposes new ratios that accommodate a higher moment of the portfolio return distribution. This alteration is reflected by the qualitative analysis of investment managers, which is performed by the performance evaluation industry, as it pertains to fixed income. ; peer-reviewed
In late April 2010, the South Central Crisis Center operated in Mankato, MN under state operated services (SOS) closed its doors. The closing of the crisis center left a gap in mental health services, particularly for the ten counties it specifically served. Legislators in the Mankato area, specifically Kathy Sheran worked hard to put together a block grant through the Health and Human Services Act, which would allow additional funding for the reopening of the crisis center. Given that the grant went though, the operation of the new crisis center would be overseen by the South Central Community Based Initiative (SCCBI). In late April 2010, the South Central Community Based Initiative (SCCBI) announced a request for proposal (RFP) for crisis services whihc would include taking over the crisis center. The SCCBI was in search of a mental health agency that would assume daily operation and management of crisis services for the 10-county region. Horizon Homes, Inc. chose to submit a response to SCCBI's RFP for crisis services.
RESUMO: Equipas de intervenção crise psiquiátricas (CITS) estão crescendo em todo os Estados Unidos. investigação internacional sobre a eficácia dos CITs em diminuir internações em hospitais psiquiátricos tem mostrado resultados mistos. Research nos Estados Unidos é limitado a descrições de um pequeno número de CITs de alta qualidade e exames de sua eficácia no nível da comunidade. Este estudo utiliza uma amostra nacional de 1.887 instalações de internamento psiquiátrico da Pesquisa de Serviços de Saúde Mental Nacional para examinar (1) a diferença no número de pacientes psiquiátricos internados, entre estabelecimentos de execução de um CIT e aqueles que não o fazem por tipo de instalação e (2) a diferença em número de pacientes psiquiátricos internados entre instituições que oferecem crise psiquiátrica serviços de urgência e aqueles que não o fazem por tipo de instalação. As análises mostram que instituições psiquiátricas privadas prazo que operam a CIT ou serviço walk-in de emergência psiquiátrica relataram mais pacientes recebem cuidados em regime de internamento do que as instalações que relataram não enquanto as instalações administradas pelo governo que operam a CIT ou walk-in serviço relataram menos pacientes do que instalações que relataram nenhum CIT ou serviço walk-in. Estes resultados sugerem uma diferença no tipo de instalação que pode ser influenciando o número de pacientes que recebem tratamento hospitalar. Outras investigações devem considerar as características das instalações e dos dados demográficos da população que servem como fatores de internação em hospitais psiquiátricos. ; ABSTRACT: Psychiatric crisis intervention teams (CITs) are growing throughout the United States. International research on the effectiveness of CITs in decreasing admissions to psychiatric hospitals has shown mixed results. Research in the US is limited to descriptions of a small number of high-quality CITs and examinations of their effectiveness on the community level. This study uses a national sample of 1,887 inpatient psychiatric facilities from the National Mental Health Services Survey to examine (1) the difference in number of inpatient psychiatric patients between facilities implementing a CIT and those that do not by facility type and (2) the difference in number of inpatient psychiatric patients between facilities offering psychiatric crisis walk-in services and those that do not by facility type. Analyses show that private-run psychiatric facilities that operate a CIT or psychiatric emergency walk-in service reported more patients receiving inpatient care than facilities that reported they did not while government-run facilities that operate a CIT or walk-in service reported less patients than facilities that reported no CIT or walk-in service. These results suggest a difference in type of facility that may be influencing the number of patients receiving inpatient treatment. Further investigation should consider characteristics of facilities and demographics of the population they serve as factors in admission to psychiatric hospitals.
We are submitting a proposal to the City of Missoula that details our plan on providing additional support for the Crisis Intervention Team (CIT), through the implementation of two data collectors. Through working with the program QUEST (Questions for Undergraduates Exploring Social Topics), we researched the issue of drug addiction in Missoula. This research included meeting with government officials who were previously tasked with leading the CIT, utilizing information from various accredited databases, and consulting expert faculty members at the University of Montana. The Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) is a nationally adopted program intended to improve first responder interactions in many mental health and addiction based crises. The CIT has demonstrated efficacy in keeping those with mental illnesses and drug abuse issues out of jail and into more treatment based curriculums. In January 2020, the City of Missoula accepted a grant that created a full-time director position to lead the CIT. Until this point, it was solely run by volunteers. Although this is a step in the right direction, there is a lack of foundational support for this single position. The purpose of the data collectors would be to both support the new director, and to collect essential data that can potentially be used to expose the CIT to more funding. Data collection in other locations has revealed the capability of CIT to aid addiction and mental health crises, and we want data from Missoula to reflect this national standard.
Crises and interventions often generate opportunities for profitable business activities. This can have a significant effect on the outcomes of interventions. This article explores how economic interests can create crises and how the nature of interventions may be shaped by business interests. It looks further at the macroeconomic consequences of crises, the possibilities of corruption and neo-imperialism. Reference is made to examples of crises and interventions that illustrate these political economic concerns.
In 2007, former Prime Minister John Howard announced the Northern Territory (NT) National Emergency Response, known as the NT Intervention. The emergency measures included a package of changes to welfare provision, law enforcement, land tenure and other measures. The package was the Federal government's response to the publication of Little Children are Sacred Report, a Territory government report that found neglect and abuse of Aboriginal children had reached crisis levels. Although the measures received bipartisan parliamentary support, the methodology used in the Response has been criticised as paternalistic in nature and top-down in approach. In particular, critics have noted the lack of consultation with Aboriginal community leaders and exclusion of community based programs (CBPs). Whilst the political resolve to address Indigenous disadvantage has been welcomed, many people are calling for a redirection in approach, in order to be more inclusive of Indigenous aspiration and build upon the capacity of communities. A further concern is that the Emergency Measures have not dealt with issues regarding sexual abuse and family violence in a 'whole of community' approach. Rather, there has been an emphasis on compulsory and blanket policies across all prescribed communities. Commentators have noted, that whilst a government response is required, policies need to engage all levels of the community and adapt to their circumstantial needs. In addressing sexual abuse and family violence in Indigenous communities, policy mechanisms need to confront all levels of the problem. Whilst the provision of basic services is essential, providing culturally appropriate and tailored responses ultimately leads to more sustainable outcomes. Across Australia, there are many examples of CBPs that have demonstrated promising practices and provide lessons for success. They demonstrate the critical need to confront family violence in a way that reinforces the inherent worth and dignity of Indigenous peoples. They also provide an important role in informing policy, and keeping governments accountable . It is within this context that the report considers, firstly, the role CBPs can play in providing valuable lessons for success and secondly, how community initiatives can be communicated in the Emergency measures so the measures can be more effective on the ground and build the capacity and strengthen self determination of Indigenous communities.
Now that the opposition Syrian National Council has begun calling for international military intervention and an arms embargo, further military escalation of the crisis appears inevitable. This exacerbates the dilemma for international politics: Either Western governments accept the failure of their efforts to contain the conflict, and allow events to escalate into full-blown civil war with casualties running into the thousands. Or they weigh up the options for military engagement, with all the associated battlefield risks and political uncertainties
The real estate market crash was a major contributor in creating the dismal global economic situation. The paper reviews the options of the homeowners in debt and the government's actions to stimulate the real estate market.
The events that occurred during the Arab Spring in early 2011 triggered the world community. Violent socio-political processes and changes in the ruling regimes of the Middle East and North African countries, particularly in Libya, led to the emergence of a political and moral dilemma for the Western World. In this context, this thesis examines the importance and influence of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization's (NATO) intervention and response regarding this issue, as well as the questions of the motives behind the military operation in Libya. To this end, the thesis specifically discusses the positions of some key NATO members, namely USA, France, UK, Germany, as well as Italy, regarding the intervention in Libya based on the principle of 'Responsibility to Protect' under the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) authorization of Resolution 1973. ; ACCEPTANCE AND APPROVAL . i YAYIMLAMA VE FİKRİ MÜLKİYET HAKLARI BEYANI . ii ETİK BEYAN . iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. iv ABSTRACT . v TABLE OF CONTENTS . vi ABBREVIATIONS . viii INTRODUCTION . 1 CHAPTER 1: CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK . 10 1.1 RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT . 10 1.2 CRITICISM OF THE CONCEPT AND PRACTICE OF R2P . 15 1.3 CONCLUSION . 19 CHAPTER 2: NATO ENLARGEMENT POLICY IN THE POST-COLD WAR ERA . 21 2.1 OVERVIEW. 21 2.2 DEVELOPMENT OF NATO STRATEGIES IN THE POST-COLD WAR ERA 22 2.3 NATO EXPANSION TO THE MIDDLE EAST AS AN ELEMENT OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STRATEGIC CONCEPT . 32 2.4 CONCLUSION . 38 CHAPTER 3: NATO INTERVENTION IN THE LIBYAN CRISIS: THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE R2P . 39 3.1 UNREST DURING THE ARAB SPRING AS A SOCIO-POLITICAL CRISIS . 39 3.2 NATO ENFORCEMENT IN THE SETTLEMENT OF THE LIBYAN CRISIS . 46 3.2.1 The United States of America . 50 3.2.2 The European Union. 52 3.2.2.1 France . 53 3.2.2.2 The United Kingdom . 55 3.2.2.3 Germany . 57 3.2.2.4 Italy . 59 3.3 THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE R2P IN LIBYA . 60 3.4 THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE R2P IN LIBYA: LESSONS LEARNED . 61 3.5 CONCLUSION . 63 CONCLUSION . 65 BIBLIOGRAPHY . 69 APPENDIX 1: ETHICS BOARD WAIVER FORM . 90 APPENDIX 2: ORIGINALITY REPORT. 92 ; 2011 yılının başlarında Arap Baharı sırasında meydana gelen olaylar, dünya toplumunu harekete geçirdi. Ortadoğu ve Kuzey Afrika ülkelerinin, özellikle Libya'nın, iktidardaki rejimlerinde gerçekleşen şiddetli sosyo-politik süreçler ve değişiklikler, Batı Dünyası için siyasi ve ahlaki bir ikilemin ortaya çıkmasına neden oldu. Bu bağlamda, bu tez, Kuzey Atlantik Antlaşması Örgütü'nün (NATO) bu konudaki müdahalesinin yanı sıra Libya'daki askeri operasyonun arkasındaki gerekçelerle ilgili soruları incelemektedir. Bu amaçla, tez, bazı önemli NATO üyelerinin, yani ABD, Fransa, İngiltere, Almanya ve İtalya'nın Birleşmiş Milletler Güvenlik Konseyi'nin 1973 sayılı kararı kapsamında "Koruma Sorumluluğu" ilkesine dayanarak gerçekleştirilen Libya müdahalesine ilişkin konumlarını tartışmaktadır.
We model unique state interventions to rescue commercial banks during the 2008-09 global financial crisis with the complementary binary logistic model that accommodates their skewed distribution. Our findings show that large and illiquid banks, and banks from countries with weak regulations, and weak shareholder and creditor rights are more likely to receive state interventions. These findings remain robust to a restricted definition of state intervention, alternative measures of bank fundamentals, placebo estimations, counterfactual sampling with propensity scores, bank and country sample splits, and the standard logistic model. These bank and incremental country level predictors can help regulators and supervisors limit future state interventions. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
Immediately after September 11, 2001, the USNS Comfort was deployed to provide relief to the rescue workers involved with the World Trade Center collapse. The members of the behavioral healthcare team had little field experience in disaster psychiatry and had to organize a response quickly. Due to the unique nature of the assignment, the behavioral care team had to take nontraditional approaches to care. Through preparation of the team to implementation of care, the team learned a great deal about disaster mental health interventions. These perspectives are compared with those in the psychiatric literature to better understand the lessons of September 11th.
Venezuela, due to economic and political sabotage, has been experiencing a humanitarian crisis since the late part of 2018. This oil-exporting nation was faced with economic decline after 9/11, the 2008 economic recession and again in 2014; as a result of oil prices tanking. Under Cesar Chavez's presidency the Venezuelan Bolivar faced destabilizing inflation rates surged in part by the 'economic war' against private enterprise and the bourgeoisie class, as well as a lack of diversification of exports and a dependency on imported goods. After Chavez's death in 2013, Nicolás Maduro took office and social unrest intensified. Since 2014: Over three million Venezuelans have fled the country. Shortages of basic goods have become a daily occurrence. With 90 percent of its of its citizens are living in poverty, 85 percent of medicines are scarce and 61.2 percent of Venezuelans report going to bed hungry. Claims of human rights violations, such as, arbitrary arrest and killings by government security forces. Venezuela been experiencing political turmoil, 2016-today. The US State Treasury has enacted sanctions against Venezuela's banking and financial sectors, their leading industry PDVSA, government officials, businesses and towards any nation aiding the Maduro government. Operación Libertad In the midst of these devastating crises the current administration promises to aid the Venezuelan people in their search for liberty and freedom from a 'usurper regime'; by placing their full support behind the leader of the opposition and president of the National Assembly, Juan Guaidó. The US has initiated an international pressure campaign to force Maduro's resignation. And is using humanitarian aid warfare tactics to influence the minds and hearts of desperate Venezuelans. Administration officials have purposely worsen the living conditions of Venezuelan citizens in order to invoke regime change. The American intervention in Venezuela is an opportunist scheme meant to exploit the current crises in order to further a neoliberal capitalist agenda and deliver president Trump an international political win before the 2020 elections. The US once again is following traditional policies and practices of the Monroe Doctrine to intervene Latin American affairs. Support is provided with the examples of Guatemala (1954), Dominican Republic (1965), Chile (1973) and Argentina (1975-76) and Venezuela's 2002 coup attempt.
During the COVID-19 crisis, the combined effect of ECB communications, concerns on sovereigns' stability, illiquidity and market expectations led to a flight to quality. This produced a sell-off of peripheral sovereign bonds that drove the repo rates of core and peripheral countries out-of-sync. Two ECB announcements affected the repo market, namely (i) the Press Conference of the ECB Governing Council on March 12, 2020 and (ii) the announcement of a €750 billion Pandemic Emergency Purchase Program (PEPP). These two announcements had heterogeneous effects in the European repo market which we shall investigat.
This article studies the military-industrial-surveillance complex at Europe's borders as a machine that functions alongside and in response to the so-called refugee crisis, but that in itself is not in crisis at all. Following philosopher Maurizio Lazzarato's definition of machinic systems, I conceptualize the machine as anapparatus that does not depend on techne perse, but as aseries of intertwined discursive/semiotic as well as non-discursive/material elements. When viewed through the lens of machine theory, the reduction of refugees to calculable formula and neatly arranged data packets cannot be seen as an isolated, purely discursive matter. It is part of a large machinic assemblage in which economic, judicial, social and technological components work together, producing material, immobilizing, de-subjectifying, as well as oftentimes lethal consequences for the human beings involved. Only after carefully studying the workings of this refugee machine, I argue, will it become possible to uncover possible modes of resistance against this controlling and objectifying system. In order to analyse the military-industrial-surveillance complex at Europe's borders as a machinic system, I turn to two art-house documentary films which do exactly that. Nathalie Loubeyre's Flow Mechanics (2016) and Morgan Knibbe's Those Who Feel the Fire Burning(2014) will be read as forms of machine analysis that are very much in line with Lazzarato's machine theory, as they map intertwining parts of a large refugee-controlling system at work in Southern European countries.
The federal government responded to the foreclosures crisis by implementing several policies. The Neighborhood Stabilization program (NSP) in 2009, a mitigation policy, aimed at helping local governments to buy, rehabilitate and sell foreclosed homes to mitigate the effects of the foreclosures in the most affected neighborhoods. This paper focuses on the allocation methodology used in this program to explain why some of the most affected places in California didn't receive adequate funds to fight foreclosures. The initial version of the NSP targeted mainly the largest cities, but left suburban municipalities — yet deeply affected by the foreclosures — with reduced or delayed funds. The use of estimations of foreclosures number to allocate the money, as well as the lack of cooperation between suburban local governments also participated to inefficiently allocate the NSP money, and suggests that urban policies need to be adapted to better fit the change of urban structure in the US.