Розглядається забезпечення інформаційної асиметрії новинних повідомлень у ЗМІ яr технологія антикризового менеджменту. Визначається головний напрямок діяльності спін-доктора як кризового менеджера, яка спрямована на виправлення негативного висвітлення тієї чи іншої події в новинах. ; Include the provision of information asymmetry in news stories in the media as a crisis management technique. Determine the main direction of the spin-doctors as crisis manager, which is aimed at correcting negative coverage of an event in the news ; Рассматривается обеспечение информационной ассиметрии новостных сообщений в СМИ как технология антикризисного менеджмента. Определяется главное направление деятельности спин-доктора как кризисного менеджера, которая направлена на исправление негативного освещения того или иного события в новостях.
The article is devoted to the problems of political leadership. Currently, the leaders of many countries in Europe, Asia and America claim to be the true leaders of their countries. As everyone knows, not everyone succeeds. The authors of this publication have attempted to determine the determinants and parameters of a successful manager of the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, choosing an unusual example - the Cuban, by no means the democrat, the partriot of his country, Comandante en Jefe by Fidel Castro. The article shows how, as a result of bold management decisions and the use of marketing technologies, this politician achieved complete independence of his small and weak country. The influence of the personality of Fidel Castro on the historical and political processes in Latin America and the system of relations between the socialist countries is examined. A description is given of the stages of the emergence of socialism in Cuba and the successful actions of the leader of the country to protect the achievements of the world socialist system after it disintegrated. It is pointed out that unlike European countries, socialism was not brought to Cuba on bayonets - it was an informed and free choice. An estimation is given to the creative methods used by Castro to overcome the crisis in the early 90s - the rectification and philosophy of the special period, and also the results of their application in some branches of the national economy-pharmacology, medicine, and tourism. It is established that the politician successfully proved the viability of fidelism, transferring power to Raul Castro. It is shown that Castro also allowed serious miscalculations in managerial activity, such as the policy of exporting the revolution and participation in drug trafficking, which led to numerous victims and loss of prestige of the country. The authors argue that Castro did not understand the laws of social development and the inevitability of the development of democracy, in the marketing plane he was ...
Include the provision of information asymmetry in news stories in the media as a crisis management technique. Determine the main direction of the spin-doctors as crisis manager, which is aimed at correcting negative coverage of an event in the news. ; Рассматривается обеспечение информационной ассиметрии новостных сообщений в СМИ как технология антикризисного менеджмента.Определяется главное направление деятельности спин-доктора как кризисного менеджера, которая направлена на исправление негативного освещения того или иного события в новостях. ; Розглядається забезпечення інформаційної асиметрії новинних повідомлень у ЗМІ як технологія антикризового менеджменту. Визначається головний напрямок діяльності спін-доктора як кризового менеджера, яка спрямована на виправлення негативного висвітлення тієї чи іншої події в новинах.
Each company makes financial, tax and statistical accounting in accordance with the requirements of the legislation. However, there can be a need for disclosure of additional information that can be effectively used to achieve the goals and objectives set by the company. This information can be obtained from management reporting. Preparation of management reporting within the company is carried out by an employee of the accounting office, who has access to all necessary information. This can be a chief accountant or a chief economist, since other employees of accounting office may have limited access to certain information required for different reporting forms. Management reporting need not have all required details since it is used within the same enterprise. However, it is advisable to use the following details: the name of the report; surname, first name and patronymic name as well as position of a person responsible for preparation of the report; date of issue; signature. Reporting is provided for the owner, the head of the enterprise, unit managers or other persons who make managerial decisions. There are certain features in drawing up management reporting for small enterprises. In a competitive environment small enterprises really need correct and timely management decisions that can be taken only on the basis of qualitative information derived from reporting indicators. Management reporting requires the usage of reliable information, as distorted information can lead to poor operational control management and solvency ratio, as well as poor indicators of liquidity and financial sustainability of a company, thus causing its bankruptcy in the future. Another feature in arrangement of financial activity and accounting at micro-enterprises (with the number of employees up to 10 people) is ability of the owner to keep records independently, and this must be taken into account when drawing up management reporting, since the owner possesses a significant amount of necessary information for making managerial decisions. As an example, the making-out and forms of managerial reporting at a small enterprise of "Menskyi Komunalnyk" limited liability company have been considered. Consequently, management reporting at small enterprises is important because it helps management personnel receive information that cannot be derived from other types of reporting, such as financial, tax, statistical information. In other words, management reporting provides improved management of current activities at small enterprises, reducing the level of crisis emergence in the current and long-term perspective and avoids the probability of bankruptcy in modern economic conditions. ; У статті розглянуто проблеми розкриття інформації для управлінської ланки малого бізнесу та розглянуто форми управлінської звітності на підприємствах малого бізнесу. Виявлено мету, підходи до складання управлінської звітності та відмінність її від фінансової звітності. Визначено, на кого покладаються обов'язки зі складання управлінської звітності та які реквізити застосовуються при її складанні. Досліджено етапи упровадження та складання внутрішньої звітності на підприємствах. Розглянуто на прикладі малого підприємства ТОВ «Менський комунальник» форми управлінської звітності, які застосовуються на цьому підприємстві.
Each company makes financial, tax and statistical accounting in accordance with the requirements of the legislation. However, there can be a need for disclosure of additional information that can be effectively used to achieve the goals and objectives set by the company. This information can be obtained from management reporting. Preparation of management reporting within the company is carried out by an employee of the accounting office, who has access to all necessary information. This can be a chief accountant or a chief economist, since other employees of accounting office may have limited access to certain information required for different reporting forms. Management reporting need not have all required details since it is used within the same enterprise. However, it is advisable to use the following details: the name of the report; surname, first name and patronymic name as well as position of a person responsible for preparation of the report; date of issue; signature. Reporting is provided for the owner, the head of the enterprise, unit managers or other persons who make managerial decisions. There are certain features in drawing up management reporting for small enterprises. In a competitive environment small enterprises really need correct and timely management decisions that can be taken only on the basis of qualitative information derived from reporting indicators. Management reporting requires the usage of reliable information, as distorted information can lead to poor operational control management and solvency ratio, as well as poor indicators of liquidity and financial sustainability of a company, thus causing its bankruptcy in the future. Another feature in arrangement of financial activity and accounting at micro-enterprises (with the number of employees up to 10 people) is ability of the owner to keep records independently, and this must be taken into account when drawing up management reporting, since the owner possesses a significant amount of necessary information for making managerial decisions. As an example, the making-out and forms of managerial reporting at a small enterprise of "Menskyi Komunalnyk" limited liability company have been considered. Consequently, management reporting at small enterprises is important because it helps management personnel receive information that cannot be derived from other types of reporting, such as financial, tax, statistical information. In other words, management reporting provides improved management of current activities at small enterprises, reducing the level of crisis emergence in the current and long-term perspective and avoids the probability of bankruptcy in modern economic conditions. ; У статті розглянуто проблеми розкриття інформації для управлінської ланки малого бізнесу та розглянуто форми управлінської звітності на підприємствах малого бізнесу. Виявлено мету, підходи до складання управлінської звітності та відмінність її від фінансової звітності. Визначено, на кого покладаються обов'язки зі складання управлінської звітності та які реквізити застосовуються при її складанні. Досліджено етапи упровадження та складання внутрішньої звітності на підприємствах. Розглянуто на прикладі малого підприємства ТОВ «Менський комунальник» форми управлінської звітності, які застосовуються на цьому підприємстві.
In the article the problem of the system of urban management in emergency and crisis situations were considered. Composition and functions of the municipal government have been characterized. It was disclosed the concept of "emergency" and "crisis". Typology of crisis and emergency situations include: natural disasters, manmade disasters, sanitary-epidemiological, socio-political and economic crises. Crises have been classified: the reasons of occurrence, in the sphere of manifestation, on the possibilities of forecasting and duration. Typical measures to manage the liquidation of emergency situations in the city have been identified. Principles and steps of the City of crisis management are presented. Analysis was performed operational management experience life support in an emergency situation caused by the fighting. Was justified by the implementation of additional features for managing urban emergency response and overcome the consequences of the social, economic and environmental crisis. Perform additional functions involves restoration of vital facilities of the city, which are damaged by the fighting. Additional features of urban governance provide fault detection of communal, social, engineering, road infrastructure. Function provides an assessment permanently damaged facilities. Function ensures the development of the investment project for restoration of urban infrastructure. Analysis functions provide resource support the restoration project. Functions provide monitoring restoration projects of urban infrastructure. ; В статье рассмотрены проблемы функционирования системы городского управления в чрезвычайных и кризисных ситуациях. Охарактеризованы состав и функции системы городского управления. Представлена типология кризисных и чрезвычайных ситуаций. Классифицированы кризисы по причинам возникновения, по сфере проявления, по возможностям прогнозирования и по продолжительности. Определены типовые мероприятия по управлению ликвидацией чрезвычайных ситуаций в городе. Раскрыты принципы и этапы городского антикризисного управления. Проанализирован опыт оперативного управления сферой жизнеобеспечения в условиях чрезвычайной ситуации, вызванной боевыми действиями. Обоснована необходимость выполнения дополнительных функций в процессе городского управления в чрезвычайной ситуации, которая осложнена социально-экономико-экологическим кризисом. ; У статті розглянуто проблеми функціонування системи міського управління в надзвичайних та кризових ситуаціях. Охарактеризовано склад та функції системи міського управління. Представлено типологію кризових та надзвичайних ситуацій. Класифіковано кризи за причинами виникнення, за сферою прояву, за можливостями прогнозування та за тривалістю. Визначено типові заходи щодо управління ліквідацією надзвичайних ситуацій у місті. Розкрито принципи та етапи міського антикризового управління. Проаналізовано досвід оперативного управління сферою життєзабезпечення в умовах надзвичайної ситуації, яка викликана бойовими діями. Обґрунтовано необхідність виконання додаткових функцій у процесі міського управління в надзвичайній ситуації, ускладненій соціальною, економічною, екологічною кризою.
Cooperation between Ukraine and the EU in the field of security constitutes an important part of bilateral relations since declaration of Ukraine's independence. Interaction in the field of crises resolution and creating conditions for the peaceful settlement of conflict is one of the dimensions of the cooperation development. According to the documents it's stated that there was the mutual interest of the parties to develop this aspect of cooperation, which, however, was based on different motives. Ukraine sought to use this tool to strengthen its international position. Meanwhile the EU was guided by the idea that cooperation might become a mechanism for spreading the principles of democracy and good governance in order to achieve stability and guarantee security in the region. At the same time, the article argues that dualism of interaction between Ukraine and the EU in this area takes place. On the one hand, the EU plays a role of crisis manager to settle the critical situations that have appeared on the territory of the Ukrainian state. On the other hand, representatives of Ukraine successfully participate in missions and operations of the European Union aimed to resolve crises and conflicts. In the first case, the approach of Brussels and the EU's contribution to resolving such crisis like the process of nuclear disarmament of Ukraine, the events of Maidan in 2004, the political crisis in late 2013, and the Russian-Ukrainian conflict are analyzed. The other side of cooperation is viewed in the context of Ukraine's participation in the EU special missions, for example, in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia, Moldova, Georgia. In addition, an attention is paid to an intensification of defense cooperation, which is recognized an important aspect of stabilizing the situation in Ukraine as well as a significant part of interaction in the context of the Global Strategy for the European Union's Foreign and Security Policy implementation. The factors that influence the prospects for further cooperation are studied as well. It is noted that the main obstacles to rise up the effectiveness of cooperation are certain limitations of the capabilities of both Ukraine and the EU. However, it is emphasized that it is impossible to ensure the safety of EU citizens, a key priority of the current strategy of the Union, without restoring the territorial integrity and sovereignty of Ukraine. ; Сотрудничество между Украиной и ЕС в сфере безопасности занимает важное место в двусторонних отношениях с момента провозглашения независимости Украины. Одним из направлений сотрудничества является взаимодействие в урегулировании кризисов и создание условий для мирного разрешения конфликтов. Анализ документов дает основание констатировать взаимный интерес сторон в развитии данного аспекта сотрудничества, который, однако, базируется на разных мотивах. Украина стремилась использовать данный инструмент для укрепления своих международных позиций. ЕС руководствовался идеей сотрудничества как механизма распространения принципов демократии и должного управления с целью достижения стабильности и гарантирования безопасности в регионе. При этом отмечается дуализм взаимодействия Украины и ЕС в этой сфере. С одной стороны, ЕС принимает участие в урегулировании кризисных ситуаций, возникших на территории Украинского государства. А с другой, представители Украины успешно принимают участие в миссиях и операциях Европейского Союза по урегулированию кризисов и конфликтов. В первом случае анализируются подходы Брюсселя и вклад ЕС в урегулирование таких кризисных ситуаций, как процесс ядерного разоружения Украины, события Майдана в 2004 г., политический кризис в конце 2013 года, а также российско-украинский конфликт. Другая сторона сотрудничества рассматривается в контексте участия Украины в работе миссий ЕС по урегулированию кризисов и конфликтов, например, в Боснии и Герцеговине, Македонии, Молдове, Грузии. Кроме того, имеет место активизация оборонного взаимодействия, что является важным аспектом стабилизации ситуации в Украине и взаимодействия в контексте реализации Глобальной стратегии ЕС в сфере внешней политики и политики безопасности. Также рассмотрены факторы, которые влияют на перспективы дальнейшего сотрудничества. Отмечается, что главными препятствиями являются определенная ограниченность возможностей и Украины и ЕС в вопросе углубления сотрудничества. Однако подчеркивается, что без восстановления территориальной целостности и суверенитета Украины невозможно обеспечить безопасность граждан ЕС — ключевого приоритета действующей стратегии Союза. ; Співробітництво між Україною та ЄС в сфері безпеки займає важливе місце в двосторонніх відносинах. Одним з напрямків співробітництва є врегулювання криз та сприяння мирному врегулюванню конфліктам. У статті досліджуються приклади участі представників України в місіях та операціях ЄС з врегулювання криз, а також ситуації, коли Україна сама потребувала допомоги ЄС у врегулюванні кризових ситуацій. Розкриваються підходи та вклад ЄС у такі кризові моменти, як процес ядерного роззброєння України, події Майдану у 2004 р., а також політична криза наприкінці 2013 р. та українсько-російський конфлікт. У висновках розглянуто можливості ЄС сприяти відновленню територіальної цілісності та суверенітету України, наголошується на важливості подальшого співробітництва Києва та Брюсселя в цьому напрямку.
Purpose - to characterize the internal risks arising in the management of the financial intermediaries (insurance company), determine their frequency and ways of crisis management of them. Design / Method / Approach. The research carried out using the methods of scientific abstraction, structural and decomposition analysis, the tools of cause-effect communication. Findings. The research describes the role and place of internal financial risks in the system of performance of the business entity and clients of the financial intermediary. The paper formulated recommendations for neutralization of atypical risks arising from financial intermediaries, in particular insurance companies, as a complex of anti-crisis measures, in particular, on the development of the activity of an insurance company through the forecasting of indicators and the application of non-financial regulatory methods. Practical implications. The results of researched can used to manage the non-typical types of internal risks of insurance companies and other financial intermediaries. Originality/value. The scientific novelty of the research is to presentation of an extended characteristic of non-typical internal risks of financial intermediaries and to formulate approaches to determinante of time trends of development directions for the insurer`s activity through the forecasting of its indicators and the application of non-financial regulatory methods. Research limitations / Future research. To improve the mechanism for managing the internal financial risks of financial intermediaries in an atypical environment and taking into account non-topic aspects of activities. Type paper - conceptual.
The aim of the investigation is the analysis of growth slowdown and indeterminism (uncertainty) in the measures of the world economy, consequences clarification for the global development, which stipulates the consideration of the international economical tendencies, discussions around the situation with the international trade and restoration of the financial instability. Methodology of the research is based on the general scientific methods and on specialized methods of the economic analysis. Argumentation of theoretical positions and conclusions is done on the system approach basis with using the following methods: historical-logical, structural-functional and comparative analysis. The thesis that in 2015 UN run three main global programs (Purposes of constant development, Addis Ababa program and Paris climate agreement) is substantiated which as of today have faced a weakening of multilateralism, destabilization and large-scale uncertainties surrounding the world economy, to which the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on health, the economy and social activities are now added. It is proved that that the expected slowdown in the world economy has been exacerbated by the pandemic that has caused the worst economic crisis since the Great Depression. Although the effects of COVID-19 on financial markets were mitigated by massive intervention by central banks in developed countries, global cooperation in this area was much weaker than after the North Atlantic financial crisis. It is concluded: to change and turn in the opposite direction these mass tendencies, the UN system must become the forum for the great political agreement, having the important meaning for reach these ambition development plans agreed in 2015. It was recommended: firstly, to develop more enhanced mechanisms for cooperation with developing countries, not only in the field of health, but also to manage the negative socio-economic consequences of the COVID-19 crisis; secondly, re-new commitments to strengthen trade multilateralism and overcome ...
Виявлено, що реформування в аграрному секторі України за часів президентства Леоніда Кучми проходило дуже повільно , часто непослідовно. З' ясовано, що політичне керівництво нехтувало науковими доробками вітчизняних економістів – аграріїв , виявляло нездоровий консерватизм в галузі реформування сільського господарства. Встановлено, що у 1994-2004 роках послідовно формувався в суспільній свідомості образ селянина-власника, господаря. Охарактеризовано закономірності змін в сільському господарстві та перспективи розвитку села, а саме-швидке досягнення макроекономічної стабілізації шляхом створення широкої соціальної бази ринкових реформ. Досягнення цієї мети планувалось через масову приватизацію державної власності та створення мільйонів приватних власників. Встановлено, що, через численнім «шпаринам» у законодавстві, створювались сприятливі умови для зловживань у цьому процесі. В аграрній галузі формувався прошарок власників, який намагався повністю заволодіти найприбутковішою частиною власності. Паузи в економічних реформах , що виникали, були наслідками світової економічної кризи 1998 року та парламентських виборів. Сільське господарство України у значній мірі залежало від політичної кон'юнктури, деструктивних процесів у суспільстві. Оцінено наслідки політичного напруження й протистояння ( серед них це, насамперед, згортання інвестиційних програм іноземними і вітчизняними інвесторами, вивезення капіталів за межі держави, згасання ділової активності). Все це вкрай негативно впливало на закріплення та подальший прогрес тих позитивних тенденцій, що намітились. ; Kuchma's victory in the presidential campaign in 1994 was stipulated above society and fatigue failure of «top» act decisively and deliberately in the socio-economic sphere. As a result,the election headquarters of presidential candidate Leonid Kuchma diligently and consistently formed in the public mind the image of a strong manager, pragmatic, able to bring order to the economy, to ensure civil peace in the country. Among the rural population, imbued meet their basic living needs and basic survival, it found response.Agricultural policy has to provide a public priority of agriculture, promote escalating its export potential, transformation ahropotentsialu effective tool in international food policy, conservation and rural development.By components related policies, ensuring parity of prices for industrial and agricultural products; providing loans; reforming property; forming riznoukladnosti agrarian economy.The principles of privatization of land and had to have a progressive and tolerant nature; should mainly privatized plots, horticultural, country houses; then was carried by a large peasant privatization of agricultural land sharing; anticipated progressive development of land markets and land parcels; introduced strict discrimination zemletorhovoho business.Organizational forms of management include corporate structures, based on collective and state farms; cooperatives, non-competitive basis based on collective and state farms; farms, based on reserve lands; private land owners, and garden plots.Promoting social development of villages included: providing rural status of free economic zones and offshore and facilitate flow of capital there.From the chosen model of state regulation of agrarian production depended very much.For example, in Ukraine, liberal and protectionist mechanisms often succeeded each other. Has been found prudent in their use.Moreover, there was formal transformation of collective management unit, without changing anything in the property relations, motivation, resource.Among the reasons for failure must change first determine organizational failures. Properly found no testing proposals submitted by public authorities, political parties, NGOs and academic institutions. Implementation of ideas took place at the state level, at least - in the region. Hampered reform in agrarian sector imperfect legal framework.Reports of the President of Ukraine Leonid Kuchma to farmers nationwide meetings were purely political and ascertaining nature. For the most part placed multidimensional slice achievements and failures. In 2000, Ukraine's copying the «previous» EU agricultural policy, which consisted in maintaining prices and production. As you know, it was largely negative consequences, because not conducive to competition, not protect the country from engaging in trade «war». Consequently, public spending in Ukraine practically directed in support of neighboring rural households households industries.Moreover, theoretical modeling goals of agrarian policy scholars and politicians often held under pressure, had a crisis nature.All in all, during the 1994-2004 years was created original version of state capitalism, in which elements of the free market were accompanied by extremely close cooperation of its members with government bureaucratic structures. ; Установлено, что реформирование аграрного сектора Украины во время президентства Леонида Кучмы проходило очень медленно, часто непоследовательно. Выяснено, что политическое руководство пренебрегало научными изысканиями отечественных экономистов- аграриев, проявляло нездоровый консерватизм в сфере реформирования сельского хозяйства. Установлено, что в 1994-2004 годах последовательно формировался образ крестьянина- собственника, хозяина. Охарактеризованы закономерности изменений в сельском хозяйстве и перспективы развития села, а именно: быстрое достижение макроэкономической стабилизации путем создания широкой социальной базы экономических реформ. Достижение этой цели планировалось посредством массовой приватизации государственной собственности и формирования миллионов частных собственников. Установлено, что из-за многочисленных «сдырам» в законодательстве, создавались благоприятные условия для злоупотреблений в этом процессе. В аграрной сфере формировался слой собственников, который пытался полностью завладеть самой прибыльной частью собственности. Паузы в экономических реформах, которые возникали, были следствием мирового экономического кризиса 1998 года и парламентских выборов. Сельское хозяйство Украины в значительной мере зависело от политической конъюнктуры , деструктивных процессов в обществе. Оценены последствия политического напряжения и противостояния (среди них, прежде всего, сворачивание инвестиционных программ иностранным и отечественными инвесторами, вывоз капиталов за пределы страны, угасание деловой активности). Все это крайне негативно повлияло на закрепление и дальнейший прогресс тех позитивных тенденций, которые наметились.
Business continuity is a priority for participants in the financial sector and financial authorities. Business continuity management, an important component of operational risk management, is an approach that covers all aspects of the business and includes policies, standards and procedures to ensure or timely resumption of certain business operations in case of disruption in business continuity. The goal of the management is to minimize the consequences of violation – operational, financial, legal, material consequences, as well as damage to reputation, etc. Effectively manage business continuity, in which special attention is paid to the nature of the impact, and not to the source of the violation. This allows participants in the financial sector and financial authorities to have more room to maneuver in the event of various violations. At the same time, organizations cannot ignore the nature of the risks they face. Effective business continuity management usually includes analyzing the impact of various events on business continuity, choosing a recovery strategy and drawing up a business continuity plan, as well as providing audit programs, staff training and information programs, as well as information exchange and crisis management programs. It is impossible to predict the next crisis, but you can prepare for it. Failures of established business processes can affect an organization of any scale, regardless of country. Natural disasters, interruptions in the supply of electricity, political instability and even an epidemic of the virus - each organization should have a plan "B", which will ensure the continuity of its work in any unforeseen situation. We are amidst a global pandemic. The coronavirus COVID-19 has been spreading like wildfire across geographies affecting people's health and well-being. To contain its spread, many organizations in both the private and public sector have encouraged – and in some parts of the world enforced – their employees to work from home. This includes IT staff that ...
The main factors of the growing popularity and influence of undemocratic regimes are considered. In the modern world, in the context of geopolitical turbulence, the geopolitical centers of power and actors in the adoption of global management decisions are changing. But there is a need to manage socio-political and economic processes for the stable development of society. Therefore, the conditions of chaos only strengthen the attempts to search and create fuses for the uncontrollability of the development of the political regime.Especially in the conditions of the crisis of theformalinstitutions of liberal democracy, a clear proof of which was the emergence of post-democracy as a phenomenon and process of evolution of «modern» democracies. Several factors reinforce this trend. First of all, the reverse wave of democratization (S. Huntington), which lasts several decades. Secondly, the crisis of American hegemony and the completion of the next cycle of political hegemony.We must add the completion of the macrohistorical cycle of the internal political development of the political system of the USA itself (A. Schlesinger) with a number of crises throughout the entire first half of2020. The weakening of the global hegemon resulted in the process ofeasternization and the emergence of new geopolitical centers (primarily,Asia, namely China with a powerful economy, which is a prerequisite for the formation of a new hegemon). The third factor is the growth of right-wing extremism and right-wing populism in countries of sustainable democracies and new democracies. The wave of populism is supported by a conservative turn in the form of legal consolidation of nationalism, the legitimation of the dominance of the collective over the individual.Another factor of destabilization is the crisis of traditional institutions of democracy, primarily political parties, party leaders who can refuse program promises and turn into lawyers of the «expression of the will of the people».Amid growing mistrust of traditional democratic institutions and the values of liberalism, there is a growing demand for leaders and institutions that can ensure the safe and stable development of society. And the actual uniqueness of the current development is the search for new forms of coexistence of authoritarian and democratic institutions within the same political regime. ; Розглядаються основні чинники зростання популярності та впливовості недемократичних режимів. У сучасному світі в умовах геополітичної турбулентності змінюються геополітичні центри сили та актори прийняття глобальних управлінських рішень, тому є нагальна потреба у керуванні суспільно-політичними та економічними процесами для стабільного розвитку суспільства. Умови хаосу лише підсилюють намагання пошуку та створення запобіжників некерованості розвитку політичного режиму. Тим паче в умовах кризи сталих інститутів ліберальної демократії, наочним доказом чого стала поява постдемократичності як явища та процесу еволюції «зразкових» демократій. Виокремлюються чинники, що підсилюють зазначений тренд. По-перше, зворотна хвиля демократизації (С.Гантінгтон). По-друге, криза американської гегемонії та завершення чергового циклу політичної гегемонії, завершення макроісторичного циклу внутріполітичного розвитку політичної системи США (А.Шлезінгер) із низкою криз протягом лише першої половини 2020 р. Акцентується увага на тому, що наслідком послаблення світового гегемону став процес істернізації та поява нових геополітичних центрів (в першу чергу, в Азії, а саме Китаю з потужною економікою, що є передумовою формування нового гегемона). Третім чинником є зростання правого екстремізму та поширення правого популізму як в країнах сталих демократій, так і нових демократій. Хвиля популізму підкріплюється консервативним поворотом у вигляді правового закріплення націоналізму, легітимацією домінування колективного над індивідуальним. Четвертим чинником дестабілізації є криза традиційних інститутів демократії, в першу чергу, політичних партій, лідерів партій, які можуть відмовитися від програмних обіцянок і перетворитися на адвокатів «волевиявлення народу». Доводиться, що на тлі зростання недовіри до традиційних інститутів демократії та цінностей лібералізму зростає попит на лідерів та інститутів, здатних забезпечити безпековий та стабільний розвиток суспільства. Фактична унікальність поточного розвитку – це пошук нових форм співіснування авторитарних та демократичних інститутів в межах одного політичного режиму.
Проаналізовано основні аспекти політичних ризиків, що характерні для українського суспільства. Розкрито чинники, що виступають провокаторами політичних ризиків. Проведено паралелі щодо управління ризиками в Україні та країнах ЄС. ; The basic aspects of the political risks are characteristic of Ukrainian society. Reveals the factors that favor provocateurs political risks.It was found that in addition to political risks arising from internal factors, there are political risks associated with globalization. Due to globalization, humanity has entered the mode of life of an open environment that creates risks of uncertainty. These issues are key to EU governments , as in all countries, the state is the main guarantor of security of its citizens and is designed to manage the risks, which an individual or community can't fight alone.As a result, the study determined that political globalization is a multifaceted process that has an ambiguous impact on different countries depending on their level of economic development and political influence in the world. Integration processes that accompany globalization , on the one hand, reduce the number of risks that are generated by the lack of dialogue , their inability to find common interests . A parallel risk management in Ukraine and the EU.Reasoned position that the political risks of modern Ukraine related to the state's economic and political systems so that there is no clear political ideal of the country and the political doctrine which it would settle.Found that political risk plays a significant role in determining the level of country risk, especially true in developing countries and countries with economies in transition, which is important for Ukraine.The possibility of political risk is determined on the basis of: evaluating the use of coercion in the exercise of power, the impact on society of radical political forces, violations of law and order, the scale of anti-constitutional actions, the delegitimization of the political regime, the crisis of public administration, separatism, the degree of ethnic, religious, racial, social differences, particularly social inequalities, etc.Clarified the political risks of Ukrainian society and revealed their interdependence on a variety of factors, including the religious, ethnic, economic factors, geopolitical interests, the lack of public consensus that entails internal conflict and political identities. The kinds of political risks inherent in Ukrainian society in the process this is his transformation. ; Проанализированы основные аспекты политических рисков, характерные для украинского общества. Раскрыты факторы, выступающие провокаторами политических рисков. Проведены параллели по управлению рисками в Украине и странах ЕС.
Досліджено сутнісні характеристики інформаційно-культурної безпеки України. Визначено основні загрози інформаційно-культурній безпеці нашої держави. Показана корелятивність розвитку інформаційної культури та становлення інформаційної безпеки України в умовах «гібридної війни». Узагальнено основні підходи до розуміння інформаційної зброї та особливостей її застосування проти нашої держави у сучасних умовах. ; Исследованы сущностные характеристики информационно-культурной безопасности Украины. Определены основные угрозы информационно-культурной безопасности нашего государства. Показана коррелятивность развития информационной культуры и становления информационной безопасности в Украине в условиях «гибридной войны». Обобщены основные подходы к пониманию информационного оружия и особенностей его применения против нашего государства в современных условиях. ; Studied the essential characteristics of information and cultural Ukraine security. It is alleged that the higher the level of information culture of society that opposes aggression, the less chance the enemy to win the «hybrid warfare». This ratio is because the aggressor is trying to influence the cultural, legal, political and value foundations of society and the individual, his aim is to distort a person's world with the help of the media. There are very important characteristics during the «hybrid warfare» such as information culture capacity for critical thinking, skills comparison and selection of information, search for sources of information and so on.Determined the main threats for the information and cultural security of our country. It is noted that the main threat to national security information – a threat to the impact on the other side of the country information infrastructure, information resources, society, consciousness, subconscious personality to impose the desired state (for another side) of values, attitudes, interests and decisions in vital areas of public and state activities, manage their behavior and development in the desired direction for another party.Shown the correlativity of information culture and establishment of information security Ukraine in a «hybrid warfare». Proved that the Ukraine information and cultural opposition during the «hybrid warfare» has a value-civilizational nature when the values of «western» and «eastern» worlds factually collide. In the course of this struggle objectively transformed the nature and character of information culture, it becomes more militant, politicized, critical media and its increasingly entering the public debate, participate in civic events and so on. It is concluded that the level of information culture during the «hybrid warfare» causes social activity of man, its civic and political position.It is alleged that need in improving protection system information and cultural space of our country, especially its cultural value component due to the fact that the methods of «hybrid warfare» primarily aimed at the ideological orientation of the individual, its world view. So, to search channels impact on public consciousness aggressor uses a set of «scene lines» that are designed for different social groups, ethnic-national and religious communities etc. «Hybrid warfare» combines the techniques of information, psychological, economic wars and cultural expansion. If in the classic wars struggle was wagged for resources and territory, then in the non-classical «hybrid warfare» enemy seeks to conquer the public consciousness of a country, encode values and cultural guidance, distort its historical memory. For implementation the above objectives in «hybrid warfare» actively used information weapons. Overviewed basic approaches to understanding information weapons and especially its use against our country in the modern world. It is noted that the information weapon is particularly effectively acts against the country, which is in crisis in the public mind which dominates ambivalence of values, socio-political uncertainty. The use of information weapon is particularly effective when there is a state of confrontation between the political forces, crisis of moral and legal consciousness, weak patriotic elite, domination by low information culture among citizens.
Досліджено сутнісні характеристики інформаційно-культурної безпеки України. Визначено основні загрози інформаційно-культурній безпеці нашої держави. Показана корелятивність розвитку інформаційної культури та становлення інформаційної безпеки України в умовах «гібридної війни». Узагальнено основні підходи до розуміння інформаційної зброї та особливостей її застосування проти нашої держави у сучасних умовах. ; Исследованы сущностные характеристики информационно-культурной безопасности Украины. Определены основные угрозы информационно-культурной безопасности нашего государства. Показана коррелятивность развития информационной культуры и становления информационной безопасности в Украине в условиях «гибридной войны». Обобщены основные подходы к пониманию информационного оружия и особенностей его применения против нашего государства в современных условиях. ; Studied the essential characteristics of information and cultural Ukraine security. It is alleged that the higher the level of information culture of society that opposes aggression, the less chance the enemy to win the «hybrid warfare». This ratio is because the aggressor is trying to influence the cultural, legal, political and value foundations of society and the individual, his aim is to distort a person's world with the help of the media. There are very important characteristics during the «hybrid warfare» such as information culture capacity for critical thinking, skills comparison and selection of information, search for sources of information and so on.Determined the main threats for the information and cultural security of our country. It is noted that the main threat to national security information – a threat to the impact on the other side of the country information infrastructure, information resources, society, consciousness, subconscious personality to impose the desired state (for another side) of values, attitudes, interests and decisions in vital areas of public and state activities, manage their behavior and development in the desired direction for another party.Shown the correlativity of information culture and establishment of information security Ukraine in a «hybrid warfare». Proved that the Ukraine information and cultural opposition during the «hybrid warfare» has a value-civilizational nature when the values of «western» and «eastern» worlds factually collide. In the course of this struggle objectively transformed the nature and character of information culture, it becomes more militant, politicized, critical media and its increasingly entering the public debate, participate in civic events and so on. It is concluded that the level of information culture during the «hybrid warfare» causes social activity of man, its civic and political position.It is alleged that need in improving protection system information and cultural space of our country, especially its cultural value component due to the fact that the methods of «hybrid warfare» primarily aimed at the ideological orientation of the individual, its world view. So, to search channels impact on public consciousness aggressor uses a set of «scene lines» that are designed for different social groups, ethnic-national and religious communities etc. «Hybrid warfare» combines the techniques of information, psychological, economic wars and cultural expansion. If in the classic wars struggle was wagged for resources and territory, then in the non-classical «hybrid warfare» enemy seeks to conquer the public consciousness of a country, encode values and cultural guidance, distort its historical memory. For implementation the above objectives in «hybrid warfare» actively used information weapons. Overviewed basic approaches to understanding information weapons and especially its use against our country in the modern world. It is noted that the information weapon is particularly effectively acts against the country, which is in crisis in the public mind which dominates ambivalence of values, socio-political uncertainty. The use of information weapon is particularly effective when there is a state of confrontation between the political forces, crisis of moral and legal consciousness, weak patriotic elite, domination by low information culture among citizens.